Objective: To determine healthy males’ antioxidant system response in induced acute hyperglycemia. Design: Prospective, descriptive, longitudinal, experimental study. Setting: National Institute of Andean Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biological materials: Whole blood and serum of apparently healthy men. Interventions: After 10 hour fasting, intravenous glucose was administered to thirteen healthy 20-41 year-old adult men using the hyperglycemic clamp method at 125 mg/dL above basal value during 120 minutes. Glycemia was measured at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, and 120 minutes. Blood sampling was obtained with EDTA anticoagulant and whole blood to obtain blood serum for biochemistry tests at 0, 60 and 120 minutes. Main outcome measures: Blood serum glycemia and lipoperoxidation variation, glutathione and s...

Background: Maca, Lepidium meyenii walp, is a plant that grows in Peruvian Andes’ highlands. It is used as food because of its nutritional value and its ethnical and medical properties related to fertility and vitality. Currently public interest has increased on food and dietetic supplements that contain active principles like polyphenol compounds with inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities, thus improving cognitive functions through mechanisms yet unknown; for this reason maca has been proposed as an adaptogen that increases energy and resistance and diminishes stress. Objectives: To determine the energetic effect of yellow maca on memory and learning by biochemical tests, in an animal model of weaning rats. Design: Experimental study. Setting: Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Mar...

Introduction: Hypertension is a cardiovascular risk factor and the initial mechanism is unknown in 90% of the cases. Currently hypertension is considered a syndrome with metabolic and structural abnormalities where oxygen reactive species (ORS) play a preponderant pathophysiological role. Objective: To determine zinc, selenium and magnesium serum levels in hypertensive and normotensive subjects, and to measure superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in both groups. Design: Analytical observational, case-control study. Setting: Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biological material: Normotensive and mild hypertensive patients blood samples. Interventions: Blood samples from 20 normotensive subjects and 20 patients with mild hypertension aged 50 to 60 years were obtained af...

Pre eclampsia is one of the most frecuent pathologies during pregnancy. The placental tissue plays an important role in the development of the pathology. In this report we performed a study of the activities of two regulatory enzymes [ Phosphofructokinase I (E.C. 2.7.1.11) and Glucose 6-P-dehidrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.49)] of the carbohydrate metabolism in both normal and pre emclampsia placental tissue. It has been found a pronounced decreased in both activities in the pathological tissue. We discussed the possible mechanisms.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if dragon’s blood Croton palanostigma induces gastric mucus secretion as a protective effect. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Adult male albine 200 to 250 g rats were distributed in 4 groups: (I) control with saline solution; (II) gastric croton 0,8 mL/ kg; (III) duodenal croton 0,8 mL/kg; (IV) ranitidine 50 mg/kg; 10 animals in each group. One hour later, pyloric ligation by abdominal laparatomy was performed under ethil ether anestesia and a histamine discharge was done to stimulate secretion. Stomachs were removed and at the glandular portion mucus secretion was measured by modified Corne method expressed as µg of alcian blue/mL/g of tissue. RESULTS: Mucus production by groups was: control 34,5±5,5; gastric croton 45,8±12,2; duodenal croton 50,6±13,9; ranitidine 39,0±7,1. There was significative more mucus production in the gastric and duodenal croton groups than ...

Introduction: Lepidium meyenii Walp (maca) is a Peruvian Andean root used as food due to its nutritional value and ethnomedical properties, being part of traditional medicine. Objectives: To determine yellow maca aqueous extract adaptogen role on muscle tissue enzymes in an endurance and oxidative stress animal model. Design: Experimental. Setting: Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biological material: Yellow maca aqueous extract and newly weaned male rats. Interventions: Administration of yellow maca aqueous extract in newly weaned male rats divided into four groups: (I) control, (II) 0,4 mg maca/g weight, (III) 0,8 mg maca/g, and (IV) 1,2 mg maca/g. The aqueous extract was administered by orogastric cannula. Weights were controlled. Swimming test was applied after 30 days of treatment. The animals were...

Introduction: Maca is consumed since ancient times as part of the diet. Its ability to reduce the effects of stress and fatigue is mentioned among its medical properties by Peruvian traditional medicine. Recent studies describe that administration of maca reduces glycemia in normoglycemic animals; however mechanisms remain unclear. Objectives: To determine hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of yellow ecotype maca flour (Lepidium meyenii Walp) in diabetic rats. Design: Experimental. Setting: Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biologic material: Yellow maca flour, male rats. Interventions: Yellow maca flour was administered to male rats divided into four groups: I, control group; II, maca flour 4 g/day; III, maca flour 6 g/day; and IV, glibenclamide 10 mg/kg. Glycemia and body weight were determined daily...

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are major causes de death in the world.The hepatic lipase (HL) gene promoter region presents a C-514T functionalpolymorphism related to enzyme activity, variation of lipoproteins levels andpossible cardiovascular disease risk. Objectives: To determine the associationof HL gene promoter region polymorphism with both nutritional indicators andlipoproteins levels in a healthy Peruvian sample. Design: Descriptive, transversal,associative study. Setting: Alberto Guzman Barron Biochemistry and NutritionResearch Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos.Participants: Ninety healthy male and female volunteers aged 18 to 58 years.Interventions: Genomic DNA was obtained from serum samples accordingto standard methodology. Anthropometric measurements and lipid profile byenzymatic methods were performed. Polymorphism C-514T in the HL ...

Objective: To determine if Croton palanostigma (sangre de grado) oral administration modifies gastric secretion peptic activity. Design: Experimental study. Institution: Alberto Guzman Barron Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Biologic material: Adult male albino rats and sangre de grado. Methods: Fifty 200 to 250 g adult male albino rats were randomly distributed in 5 groups according to sangre de grado oro-gastric one dose administration: group I: 0,8 mL/kg of sangre de grado; group II: 0,8 mL/kg of neutralized sangre de grado; group III: ranitidine 50 mg/kg; group IV: control group with saline solution 0,9 g% (without histamine); group V: control group with saline solution 0,9 g%. Pyloric ligature by laparotomy was done under ethylic ether anesthesia. Subcutaneously applied histamine was used to stimulate secretio...

Objetivos: Determinar el fenotipo de haptoglobina -1/1, 1/2 y 2/2- predominante en una muestra de 36 pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo I (DM tipo I). Diseño: Observacional con sistema de medición, descriptivo. Institución: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Participantes: Pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo I Intervenciones: En 36 pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo I, se realizó medidas antropométricas, evaluaciones médicas en los pacientes diabéticos tipo II y, finalmente, se tomó una muestra de sangre para los análisis moleculares. Principales medidas de resultados: Evaluación médica, electroforesis en agarosa. Resultados: El 69,4% de la muestra fue sexo femenino y 30,6 % masculino; la edad promedio fue 28,3 ± 11,6 y 26 ± 11,6 años para mujeres y hombres, respectivamente. La prevalencia ...

Introduction: Dopaminergic catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) gene has a functional polymorphism Val108/158Met that originates enzyme variants that catalyze o-methylation of active catecholamines and participates in drugs and neurotransmitters metabolism including L-dopa, norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine and thus may be associated to neuropsychiatric conditions. Objectives: To determine COMT gene genotypes and alleles frequencies in mestizo Peruvian population healthy subjects and its importance in neuropsychiatric genetic studies. Design: Descriptive, observational, transversal study. Setting: Alberto Guzman Barron Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Participants: One hundred and six healthy subjects, male and female volunteers with informed consent, without family relationship or mental and neurological di...

Objetivos: Determinar la capacidad antioxidante y el índice glicémico (IG) de frutos promisorios amazónicos del Perú. Diseño: Cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal. Institución: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. material biológico: Ratas albinas machos y frutos amazónicos. Intervenciones: Se utilizó 12 ratas con peso aproximado de 250 g, para determinar el IG de los frutos amazónicos. En los frutos se determinó la capacidad antioxidante mediante el método de DPPH, y contenido de fenoles totales mediante el reactivo de Folin-Ciocalteu. Principales medidas de resultados: Se determinó IG, capacidad antioxidante y contenido de fenoles. Resultados: Los IG: cajú 76; cajá 74; caimito 71,6; mango ciruela 59,7; pitujaya 51,8 y arazá 43,8. La capacidad antioxidante fue: arazá 268%, caimito 302%, pitujaya 524%, cajú 107%, cajá 201...

Objetivos: Evaluar la capacidad antioxidante total y el contenido de metabolitos secundarios antioxidantes en papas nativas. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo. Institución: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Material biológico: 62 variedades de papas nativas (Solanum tuberosum) proporcionadas por el Centro Internacional de la Papa. Intervenciones: Se preparó extractos hidroalcohólicos de papas nativas frescas. Se determinó la materia soluble y la densidad aparente. Principales medidas de resultados: La capacidad antioxidante fue determinada mediante la captación de los radicales libres DPPH y ABTS.+. Para los polifenoles y antocianinas se empleó el reactivo de Folin Ciocalteau y por absorbancia diferencial a pH1 y pH 4,5, respectivamente. Resultados: Los valores de TEAC-ABTS de las 62 muestras estuvieron entre 3,8 y 47,6 mmol % de materia...

Introduction: Sangre de grado use in gastritis and gastric ulcer treatment is done empirically. In previous investigations we have observed sangre de grado both gastric mucosa healing and protection capacity by stimulating mucous secretion, gastric juice secretion without pH change, and increase in peptic activity; due to its components it may have also antioxidant capacity, thus strengthening its citoprotector activity. Objective: To determine sangre de grado(Croton palanostigma) antioxidant capacity on gastric mucosa in experimentation animals by using TBARS test. Design: Prospective, analytic-experimental and longitudinal study. Setting: Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, UNMSM. Biologic material: Forty male albino rats between 200 and 250 g. Interventions: Following 24 hours solid food fasting, the rats received by orogastric cannulation and in unique do...

Objetivos: Evaluar el efecto hepatoprotector del extracto acuoso de hojas de yacón (EHY) en ratas intoxicadas con acetaminofén, mediante biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo. Diseño: Analítico, experimental. Institución: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Material biológico: EHY, obtenido de Yauyos-Lima. Intervenciones: Se formó 4 grupos de ratas hembras (n=6). Se les administró por vía oral lo siguiente; G1: control (suero fisiológico (SF)) por 11 días; G2, G3 y G4: paracetamol 300 mg/kg por 6 días y, luego, por 5 días SF, EHY, 400 mg/kg y silimarina 50 mg/kg, respectivamente. Principales medidas de los resultados: Lipoperoxidación, superóxido-dismutasa (SOD), catalasa (CAT), glutatión peroxidasa y glutatión S-transferasa. Resultados: Los niveles de lipoperoxidación de G3 (6,5 umol/L) fueron menores que G1 (7,9 umol/L). La ...

Objectives: To determine the influence of Bidens pilosa L. whole plant ethanolic extract on colon cancer induced in rats. Design: Experimental study. Setting: Faculties of Medicine, Pharmacy and Biochemistry and Biologic Sciences, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biologic material: Holzmann rats. Interventions: Fortyeight 2 months 100 g to 130 g Holtzmann rats were separated in six groups of eight each and 1,2-dimethylhidrazine induction of colon cancer was performed. Groups were normal control, group with pathology and groups with pathology and treatments. Main outcome measures: Nitric oxide levels, oxidative stress markers and colon cellular pattern modifications. Results: There was increment of nitric oxide levels and lipoperoxidation in the 1,2-dimethylhidrazine (DMH) animals, and decrease in those receiving both the toxic and the plant extract. Histopathology re...

Objetivos: Determinar el daño oxidativo en suero y la toxicidad hepática tras la ingesta del extracto etanólico de la Cesalpinia spinosa (tara), en un modelo animal. Diseño: Estudio experimental, transversal. Institución: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Material biológico: Ratas machos, extracto del fruto de la tara, molida y seca. Intervenciones: Se formó 5 grupos de 6 ratas cada uno, de 250 g aproximadamente. Se les administró el extracto de tara por 45 días, a la dosis que se indica en los grupos (mg/kg peso): G1 (control), G2 (100), G3 (200), G4 (400), G5 (800). Transcurrido el tiempo de tratamiento, se sacrificó las ratas. Principales medidas de resultados: En suero: lipoperoxidación (MDA), transaminasas (GOT y GPT) y gamma-glutamil transferasa (γ-GGT). Resultados: Los niveles de MDA (μmol/L) fueron: 5,02; 4,25; 4,83; 5...