Objective. To assess the effect of Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis ‘binomio ayahuasca’ ingestion in rat hippocampus. Design. Experimental, descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study. Institution. Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biological material. Rats. Interventions. Orogastric administration of ‘binomio ayahuasca’ in adult Rattus norvegicus albinus Holtzman strain. Seven groups of five animals with an average weight of 240 ± 30 g were administered: (GI) placebo, (GII) 2.5 mL of diazepam (GIII) 0.7 mL of Banisteriopsis caapi solution, (GIV) 0,7 mL of Psychotria viridis solution. Groups GV, GVI and GVII received 0.7 mL, 3.5 mL and 7.0 mL of binomio ayahuasca solution, respectively. Main outcome measures. Macroscopically: reflex mov...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antiphotoaging effects of extracts of brown alga Macrocystis integrifolia Bory and develop a dermocosmetic form. From this extracts, was designed the dermocosmetic form in concentrations of 1, 3 and 5%, on a base made of lard with incorporation of beeswax and sesame oil to a pH of 6,5. The antioxidant activity was determined by in vitro methods as CDP and ABTS. The evaluation of antiphotoaging effect in vivo was performed using 25 albino female mice of Mus musculus specie, strain Bald / C53, who were divided into five groups of five mice each; except the group that served as blank, control and intervention groups were depilated hair back and subjected to UVB irradiation for 7 days, morning and night. The in vitro antioxidant activity assay showed that between extracts from stem, foliage and bulb of this alga, there are differences ...

Objective of the study was to compare the sunscreen effect in vivo of a cream made with the hydroalcoholic extract of the brown seaweed Macrocystis pyrifera (Linnapus) Agardh, with comercial sunscreens in skin lesions prevention. The biological sample was collected in the continental socket from Yanyarina beach, San Juan de Marcona, Ica region. Hydroalcoholic extract (ethanol 1:1) was obtained for maceration process since 300 g seaweed. With the extract was formulated and design the blocker dermocosmetic using concentrations of 5, 10, and 15%, respectively, with a mixture of solids aliphatic alcohols, consisting mainly of Cetyl alcohol (C16H3O) and Stearyl alcohol (C18H39O) 50/70%. Were used albino mice, mus musculus specie, bald c53 strain, adult males, with average weight 30 g. Photoprotective potential in vivo was tested through topical application on mice skin, in the dorsal anterior...

Was determinated chemical composition of essential oil from Caesalpinia spinosa, obtained by stripping with steam method, with a yield of 0,125% v/w, as well as its antioxidant capacity and antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668. To identify chemical constituents were employed Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), finding 23 compounds, being in greater quantity: pelargonaldehído (11,21%); dihydro-neoclovene-(i) (5,51%); naphthalene,1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-,(15-CIS)- (4,87%) y dihydro-cis-alfa-copaene-8-ol (4,13%). Evaluation of antioxidant activity was performed using the methods of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and acid radical 2,2'-azino-bis- (3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS—⁺), determining that IC50 to both methods was > 200 µL/mL, using as captation reference trolox®, which had IC50 3,8 µg/mL....

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto antioxidante y antifotoenvejecimiento de extractos de la alga parda Macrocystis integrifolia Bory y elaborar una forma dermocosmética. Obtenidos los extractos, se diseñó una forma dermocosmética en concentraciones de 1, 3 y 5%, elaboradas sobre una base de manteca de cerdo con incorporación de cera de abejas y aceite de sésamo a un pH de 6,5. La actividad antioxidante in vitro se determinó por lo métodos CDP y ABTS. La evaluación del efecto antifotoenvejecimiento in vivo se realizó empleando 25 ratones albinos hembra de la especie Mus musculus, cepa Bald/C53, que fueron distribuidos en cinco grupos de cinco ratones cada uno; a excepción del grupo que sirvió de blanco, el grupo control y los grupos de intervención fueron depilados en el lomo y se sometieron a la irradiación UVB durante 7 días, mañana y noche. El ensayo in vitro...

El estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar el efecto fotoprotector in vivo de una crema elaborada con el extracto hidroalcohólico de la macroalga parda Macrocystis pyrifera (Linnapus) Agardh frente a bloqueadores solares comerciales en la prevención de lesiones de piel. La muestra biológica fue colectada en el zócalo continental de la playa Yanyarina de San Juan de Marcona de la región Ica. El extracto hidroalcohólico (etanol-agua 1:1) se obtuvo por proceso de maceración a partir de 300 g de alga. Con el extracto se formuló y diseño el bloqueador dermocosmético empleando concentraciones 5, 10 y 15%, respectivamente, con una mezcla de alcoholes alifáticos sólidos, conformados principalmente por alcohol cetílico (C16H3O) y alcohol estearílico (C18H39O) 50/70%. Se emplearon 35 ratones albinos adultos machos de la especie Mus musculus cepa Bald C53 de peso promedio 30g. El potencia...

Se determinó la composición química del aceite esencial de Caesalpinia spinosa, obtenido por el método de destilación por arrastre con vapor de agua con un rendimiento de 0,125% v/p, así como su capacidad antioxidante y actividad antibacteriana frente a Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668. Para la identificación de los constituyentes químicos se emplearon Cromatografía de Gas y Espectrometría de Masas (CG/EM), encontrándose 23 compuestos, de los cuales destacan en mayor porcentaje: pelargonaldehído (11,21%); dihydro-neoclovene-(i) (5,51%); naphthalene,1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-,(15-CIS)- (4,87%) y dihydro-cis-alfa-copaene-8-ol (4,13%). La evaluación de la actividad antioxidante se realizó aplicando los métodos de 2,2–difenil-1-picrilhidracilo (DPPH) y del radical ácido 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfónico) (ABTS—⁺), determinándo...

Was aimed to evaluate the content of total polyphenols and the antioxidant activity of the rhizoid, thallid and phyloid extracts of the Eisenia cokeri M.A. Howe. Using spectrophotometric reference methods. The content of total polyphenols was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau method from the reference material Gallic acid and the antioxidant activity is referred to 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals and 2,2' -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS.+. The results obtained showed that the content of total polyphenols is 3.111346 mg for the estípite; 0.4625 mg for the fronda and 2.31665 mg for the gallic acid rhizoid / 1 gram sample. For the antioxidant activity the extracts showed antioxidant activity in the DPPH methods for the rhizoid (IC50 = 659.74 μg / mL): for the fronda (IC50 = 280.00 μg / mL) and for the estípite (IC50 = 248, (IC50 = 20.3 μg /...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the determination of cadmium, chromium, and lead in Vaccinium corymbosum L. "blueberry", coming from a market and a supermarket located in the district of Chorrillos-Lima. Due to their condition, in the case of the market, the samples were collected from four points of sale, to obtain a representative sample. In the case of the Supermarket, the sample was unique. By means of the instrumental method of atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the quantification of the heavy metals of cadmium, chromium and lead was carried out, using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipment. Concentrations of <0.05 were determined; <0.05; 0.275 ug / gr in cadmium, chromium, and lead, respectively, in blueberries collected from a supermarket and concentrations of <0.05; 0.137; 0.288 ug / gr in cadmium, chromium and lead, respectively, in blueberries ...

Was aimed to evaluate the content of total polyphenols and the antioxidant activity of the rhizoid, thallid and phyloid extracts of the Eisenia cokeri M.A. Howe. Using spectrophotometric reference methods. The content of total polyphenols was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau method from the reference material Gallic acid and the antioxidant activity is referred to 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals and 2,2' -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS.+. The results obtained showed that the content of total polyphenols is 3.111346 mg for the estípite; 0.4625 mg for the fronda and 2.31665 mg for the gallic acid rhizoid / 1 gram sample. For the antioxidant activity the extracts showed antioxidant activity in the DPPH methods for the rhizoid (IC50 = 659.74 μg / mL): for the fronda (IC50 = 280.00 μg / mL) and for the estípite (IC50 = 248, (IC50 = 20.3 μg /...

Brunfelsia grandiflora D. Don “chiric sanango” is a plant native to the Peruvian Amazon, belonging to the Solanaceae and is used in traditional medicine by the jungle population. The objective of the research was to determine the content of total polyphenols and the in vitro antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of its bark. The quantification of total polyphenols was carried out by applying the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant activity by the method of elimination of free radical by electron transfer using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) the capacity method ferric reducing antioxidant (FRAP) and the hydrogen transfer method using 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS*†). The content of total polyphenols was 30,17 mg of gallic acid/100g of the extract and the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method was 11,86 mg Trolox/g sample; by the FRAP ...

The essential oil was obtained from leaves of Piper aduncum L. "matico" from in Department of Loreto by steam distillation with a yield of 1.1% v/w. The chemical composition has determined by chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Thirty-five chemical components were identified, of which eight represent 76,53 % of the total area. The main volatile compounds are phenylpropanoids (1, 2, 4-trimethoxy-5- (1-propenyl) -benzene (39,32%) and methyleugenol (12,85%)), sesquiterpenoid hydrocarbons (germacrene D (7,52%), bicyclogermacrene (5,88%), β-caryophyllene (2,82%) and δ-cadinene (2,81%)), a monoterpenoid hydrocarbon (β-ocimene (2,34%)) and an oxygenated monoterpenoid (4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-3-one (2,99%)). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH● and ABTS●+ radical scavenging methods. The antioxidant capacity equivalent to Trolox (TEAC-DPPH) (TEAC-ABTS) was 1....

The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of the azotobacter-rhizobium biofertilizerin Lupinus mutabilisSweet “tarwi”, as an alternative to chemical fertilization. Rhizobium sp and Azotobacter sp. strains were isolated from bean nodules and agricultural lands of the UNALM (Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina). After a selection, they were for-mulated and applied as bacterial biofertilizers in seeds and seedlings of tarwi. Results at laboratory level showed the best treatment with Azotobacter sp. with 70% germination, superior to the water treatment (negative control) with 42% of ger-mination. In addition, the dry biomass after treatment with Rizo 1 strain (Rhizobium sp.) was superior to potassium nitrate (N +) after 20 days of evaluation. At the greenhouse level, there were statistically significant differences in the root length (LR) parameter between the Azotobact...

La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del biofertilizante azotobacter-rhizobium en Lupinus mutabilis Sweet “tarwi”, como alternativa a la fertilización química. Se aislaron cepas de Rhizobium sp y Azotobacter sp a nivel de laboratorio e invernadero a partir de nódulos de frijol y tierras agrícolas de la UNALM (Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina). Luego de una selección se formularon y aplicaron como biofertilizantes bacterianos en semillas y plántulas de tarwi. Los resultados a nivel de laboratorio mostraron el mejor tratamiento con Azotobacter sp. con 70% de germinación, superior al tratamiento solo con agua (control negativo) en el cual se obtuvo 42% de germinación. Además, la biomasa seca después del tratamiento con la cepa Rizo1 (Rhizobium sp. aislado) fue superior al nitrato de potasio (N+) luego de 20 días de evaluación. En nivel invernadero, hu...

In the present study were evaluated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of chloroform extract from the leaves of Chuquiraga lessing "huamanpinta" and was performed the identification and structure elucidation of flavonoid secondary metabolites, antioxidant activity was evaluated by the method of difenilpycrilhidrazyl (DPPH) and was measured the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA). To analize) antiinflammatory activity was used subplantar edema method according Winter; and to immunomodulatory activity the method of speed of clearing of ink. Flavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds, sesquiterpene lactones were identified. With UV spectroscopic analysis the following flavonoids were elucidated: 5,6,7-trihidroxi-4’-metoxiflavona; 3’,5,6,7-tetrahidroxi-4�...

In the present study were evaluated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of chloroform extract from the leaves of Chuquiraga lessing "huamanpinta" and was performed the identification and structure elucidation of flavonoid secondary metabolites, antioxidant activity was evaluated by the method of difenilpycrilhidrazyl (DPPH) and was measured the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA). To analize) antiinflammatory activity was used subplantar edema method according Winter; and to immunomodulatory activity the method of speed of clearing of ink. Flavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds, sesquiterpene lactones were identified. With UV spectroscopic analysis the following flavonoids were elucidated: 5,6,7-trihidroxi-4’-metoxiflavona; 3’,5,6,7-tetrahidroxi-4�...

This study evaluated the leishmanicidal activity and acute oral toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract from stems of Croton alnifolius. For the first, were infected with promastigotes of Leishmania peruviana, in the right hind leg, Mesocricetus auratus (hamster); after three weeks the animals were treated with the hydroalcoholic extract of Croton alnifolius. The effect of the extract was compared with sodium stibogluconate at 60 mg SbV / kg per day for 20 days. The toxic potential of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using the acute oral toxicity test on mice, determining the media lethal dose (LD50) with three dose levels of extract (2000, 200 and 50 mg /kg), assessing body weight and histopathological study, also was evaluated their cytotoxicity against Artemia salina. It was found that the extract has leishmanicidal activity comparable to sodium stibogluconate. The LD50 value was estim...

Avocado seed is a part of the fruit discarded in industrial pulp oil extraction and would be a source of essential fatty acids and other phytoconstituents. This research aimed to characterize oil seed Persea americana Mill. Var. Hass and Fuerte and its antioxidant activity. To oil obtained by the Soxhlet method, was made the physicochemical characterization following the AOCS (American Society of Chemical Oil) standards, the fatty acid profile by gas chromatographic method and the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method. Physicochemical characterization reported mean values and standard deviation of 2,12±0,015; 1,40±0,047; 242,30±5,449; 70,62±2,82 and 0,919±0,024 to acidity index, peroxide, saponification, iodine and specific gravity, respectively; with significance p <0,05. Were identified two essential fatty acids: linoleic acid (48,77%) and linolenic acid (12,17%), omega-6 and...

This study was designed in three phases: 1. Preliminary assessment of the extract of calyces. 2. Formulation and assessment of gels incorporating the extract. 3. Assessment of the anti-inflammatory activity of the gel. Objective. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a gel based on the lyophilized ethanolic extract of calyces of Physalis peruviana “goldenberry”. Methodology. Calyces of goldenberry collected from a processing company in the department of Cuzco were subject of a reflux extraction with petroleum ether and, from the residue, it was prepared an ethanolic extract, by maceration, which was lyophilized and incorporated at concentration of 1 % in different formulations of gel base of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyacrylamide and carbomer. Those preparations that presented better physical compatibility were subjected to preliminary stability. For the assessme...

This study evaluated the leishmanicidal activity and acute oral toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract from stems of Croton alnifolius. For the first, were infected with promastigotes of Leishmania peruviana, in the right hind leg, Mesocricetus auratus (hamster); after three weeks the animals were treated with the hydroalcoholic extract of Croton alnifolius. The effect of the extract was compared with sodium stibogluconate at 60 mg SbV / kg per day for 20 days. The toxic potential of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using the acute oral toxicity test on mice, determining the media lethal dose (LD50) with three dose levels of extract (2000, 200 and 50 mg /kg), assessing body weight and histopathological study, also was evaluated their cytotoxicity against Artemia salina. It was found that the extract has leishmanicidal activity comparable to sodium stibogluconate. The LD50 value was estim...