The effects of climate change are creating instability in agriculture. In this sense, the purpose of this literature review article is to publicize the effects that climate change is causing on smallholder coffee farms in Peru and to describe the methods used to determine global warming, as well as alternative solutions. It is concluded that climate change is negatively affecting coffee crops, by the introduction of diseases such as rust in 2013 and 2014 decreased coffee production by 109. 500 tons (t), the effect affected the variety of coffee typica. Consequently, families have had to adapt and live with the rust; Thus, new coffee plots have been implemented, planted at higher altitudes (1500 nsnm). Likewise, the price of coffee is unstable, for the year 2013-2014 it remained S / 6.33 to S / 4.89 per kg. Faced with the difficulties that existed, the Peruvian state has encouraged the pl...

The effects of climate change are creating instability in agriculture. In this sense, the purpose of this literature review article is to publicize the effects that climate change is causing on smallholder coffee farms in Peru and to describe the methods used to determine global warming, as well as alternative solutions. It is concluded that climate change is negatively affecting coffee crops, by the introduction of diseases such as rust in 2013 and 2014 decreased coffee production by 109. 500 tons (t), the effect affected the variety of coffee typica. Consequently, families have had to adapt and live with the rust; Thus, new coffee plots have been implemented, planted at higher altitudes (1500 nsnm). Likewise, the price of coffee is unstable, for the year 2013-2014 it remained S / 6.33 to S / 4.89 per kg. Faced with the difficulties that existed, the Peruvian state has encouraged the pl...

Esta investigación presenta una alternativa simple y económica para solucionar los problemas ocasionados por las aguas jabonosas residuales provenientes de actividades de lavado de ropa en los hogares, para ello se pretende establecer un sistema de filtros que involucre un tratamiento biológico con el uso de plantas de lenteja de agua (Lemna minor) y berros (Nasturtium officinale), permitiendo la reutilización de las aguas jabonosas en otras actividades tales como en la limpieza del hogar, contribuyendo de esta manera al desarrollo de ciudades sostenibles y el uso eficiente de los recursos. En este contexto se implementó el sistema de filtros para aguas jabonosas generadas por actividades de lavado de ropa en el internado la Alianza Alemana de la ciudad de Chachapoyas, para lo cual se caracterizó las aguas jabonosas a partir del análisis de los parámetros fisicoquímicos como el ...

Los habitantes de las comunidades nativas de Tunants y Yahuahua en la Amazonía peruana se enfrentan a problemas de abastecimiento de agua en cantidad y calidad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar una validación técnica y económica del sistema de captación y tratamiento de agua de lluvia destinado al consumo humano, para lo cual se recopiló datos de precipitación durante un año, mediante la instalación de cuatro pluviómetros. La estructura del sistema de captación se compuso a base de plataformas de cemento y tuberías (PVC). La validación técnica se realizó mediante la evaluación de la calidad de agua de acuerdo a la metodología APHA, AWWA, & WEF, 2017; Así como la determinación del agua cosechada, demanda mensual de agua y la validación económica se realizó a través de aplicación de indicadores económicos. El resultado de la precipitación máxima fu...

Los habitantes de las comunidades nativas de Tunants y Yahuahua en la Amazonía peruana se enfrentan a problemas de abastecimiento de agua en cantidad y calidad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar una validación técnica y económica del sistema de captación y tratamiento de agua de lluvia destinado al consumo humano, para lo cual se recopiló datos de precipitación durante un año, mediante la instalación de cuatro pluviómetros. La estructura del sistema de captación se compuso a base de plataformas de cemento y tuberías (PVC).

The inhabitants of Tunants and Yahuahua face water supply problems in terms of quantity and quality, leading to socio-environmental and health impacts in the areas. The objective of this research, therefore, is to determine the technical and economic feasibility of a proposal for a rainwater harvesting and treatment system for human consumption in the native communities. For the technical feasibility, monthly water demand per family was compared with the amount of water collected in the rainy and dry seasons. In addition, 16 physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters were evaluated at the inlet and outlet of the water system.

The objective of this research was to determine water quality in small-scale coffee production units in the Amazon Region, Peru. The characterization of the factors associated with coffee farmers was collected through surveys. The Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (APHA) method was used to determine the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of the incoming water (AE) (water for human consumption) and the outgoing water (AS) (wastewater from coffee washing). The results indicated that the coffee growers do not have adequate technology for washing the coffee and that they use water for these activities. In the characterization of the water, significant differences were found between the parameters of the AE and the AS, where the pH of the AE ranged from 7.00 to 7.32 and the pH of the AS from 3.76 to 4.44. The turbidity of the AS showed high values of 181...

The objective of this research was to characterize the water in the lakes of the native communities, Tunants and Yahuahua, for the purpose of conservation of the aquatic environment. Two sampling points were established, one for each lake, and the evaluations were carried out during the months of December, January and February 2020. Physicochemical parameters of pH, Ce, TSS, Nitrates, BOD5 were analyzed. The results show a pH of 7 for both lakes. Regarding BOD5, in Tunants lake the median was found to be 1.8 mg/L of O2 and in Yahuahua lake the median was found to be between 1.45 mg/L of O2. The physicochemical parameters were found to be within water quality standards of Supreme Decree N° 004-2017-MINAM. Category 4: Conservation of the aquatic environment. However, the only parameter that did not meet the standard was Total Suspended Solids (TSS). Finally, the physicochemical characteri...

Heavy metals cause harmful effects on human health through the food chain. In this sense, the objective of this research was to analyze the advances in the scientific production of heavy metals in fish in the countries of Peru, Bolivia and Chile, by means of a bibliographic review. The search was carried out in the Scopus database from 2000 to May 2022, and an analysis was made of the selected articles according to the place of study. VOSviewer software (a tool for constructing and visualizing bibliometric networks) was also used to generate coauthorship networks. The results indicate that studies on heavy metals began to stand out during the years 2012, 2019. The author with the highest participation was Custodio. Finally, it is concluded that research is scarce and these topics should be addressed with greater emphasis according to each state, given that in many cases the values exceed...

El objetivo de la investigación fue revisar la literatura científica de los principales sistemas de tratamiento biológico, físico y la reutilización de aguas mieles de café, así como la eficiencia de los sistemas de tratamiento (físico y biológico) y el rendimiento en reutilización de las aguas de café. Para la búsqueda de la información se aplicó operadores boléanos. Se tomó en cuenta artículos científicos, que hayan sido revisados bajo la metodología doble ciego. Los sistemas biológicos han demostrado eficiencias en la remoción de la materia orgánica (70 a 98.7%). La remoción de turbidez ha logrado su eficacia hasta 98.7%, con respecto a los nitratos la remoción oscilo entre 20 y 100%. La reutilización de las aguas mieles del café fueron utilizadas para la producción de ácido láctico, biocombustibles y la elaboración de miel para consumo humano. Los sistem...

Declaramos bajo juramento que ponemos a disposición del público los datos de la investigación para que puedan ser accedidos por los lectores/as.

El presente proyecto de investigación tiene por objetivo determinar la incidencia de la pandemia por el Covi-19 en los ingresos de los comerciantes ambulantes del mercado modelo de la ciudad de Chachapoyas, 2020. La investigación fue de tipo cuantitativo con un nivel descriptivo, no experimental de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 35 comerciantes ambulantes, mismos que respondieron al cuestionario planteado. Por su parte, el análisis de datos se realizó a través del software Excel. También, se elaboró un modelo econométrico de regresión lineal simple para determinar la relación entre el comercio ambulatorio en pandemia y los ingresos de los comerciantes ambulantes. Los resultados mostraron que los comerciantes se vieron afectados de manera negativa en sus ingresos; es decir, sus ingresos disminuyeron.

El objetivo de la investigación consistió en determinar la calidad fisicoquímica y microbiológica del agua de lluvia de los cuatro prototipos de captación, instalados en las comunidades nativas de Tunants y Yahuahua, en el departamento de Amazonas, Perú. Se establecieron puntos de muestreo, dos por cada prototipo (entrada y salida); las evaluaciones se realizaron en los meses de febrero, septiembre y octubre del 2020.

Fertilizers provide essential nutrients for crops, however, they may also inadvertently provide trace elements that in certain concentrations represent a risk to the soil and the food chain. The objective of this research was to determine the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the most common fertilizers used in Peruvian agriculture. Twenty-one products including inorganic, organic mineral, and organic fertilizers were analyzed by microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The results were compared against international standards. The content of the trace elements was variable and related to the type of fertilizer. Phosphorus fertilizers showed higher concentrations of Cd (3.3-42.3 mgkg-1), most of which exceeded the regulatory limits of several countries. In the case of Pb, none of the fertilizers analyzed exceeded the regulatory limits. Chicken manure showed the highest concen...

The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of geographic altitude on the carbon stock in two physiographic units of the Reserved Forest of the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo Maria-Huanuco. The methodology used was the field manual for the remeasurement and establishment of plots of the Amazon Forest Inventory Network (RAINFOR), for which 2 hectares were permanently established (one hectare in low and high hills) in which the diameter (greater than or equal to 10 cm) and the height of the trees were measured. Finally, the density of the wood was obtained from previous studies. The pantropical model formula was used to estimate the carbon stock. The results show that geographic altitude significantly affects carbon stock (p < 0.05) in low and high-hill forests, concluding that this may be due to differences in meteorological variables such as precipitation, t...

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la dinámica de crecimiento de Pisum sativum L bajo la aplicación de ácido giberélico en la provincia de Chachapoyas - Amazonas. El experimento se instaló bajo un diseño completo al azar, se tuvo un tratamiento T1: ácido giberélico y T0: testigo; se tuvo 8 repeticiones y 16 plantas en total. Se utilizaron macetas de polietileno, llenadas con sustrato (tierra agrícola + tierra de bosque en proporción 2:1 de v/v). El ácido giberélico se diluyó en etanol a una concentración de 10Mm, la misma que se aplicó con una micropipeta, sobre el ápice de la planta. Se encontró que el ácido giberélico tuvo efectos positivos en número de brotes (1.51), tamaño de brotes (5.63 cm) y tamaño de entrenudos (2.39 cm); no obstante, no presentó efectos positivos el tamaño total de la planta, materia seca y área foliar. Se concluye que el �...

El estudio tuvo por objetivo evaluar el efecto de micorrizas arbusculares y abonos orgánicos en el comportamiento vegetativo de Cinchona officinalis en ambientes controlados. La investigación se instaló bajo un diseño completo al azar con arreglo trifactorial (4A: micorrizas x 3B: abonos x 2C: ambientes), contando con 72 unidades experimentales. Las plantas de quina fueron inoculadas en vivero e invernadero con 40 g de micorrizas procedentes de bosques naturales (San Jerónimo, Conila y Leymebamba) y abonadas con 40 g de gallinaza y humus de lombriz. Se encontró que la mortalidad de la quina se dio en el vivero y abonadas con gallinaza, con un 6.3 % en promedio, por su parte, no se reportó mortalidad a nivel de invernadero; respecto a la velocidad de crecimiento, los consorcios micorrízicos SJ y LEY tuvieron mayor efecto, juntamente con la aplicación de humus de lombriz a nivel...

Seed germination is the fundamental phenomenon that determines the successful growth and development of each plant species,even more so in Cinchona ofcinalis, which is a forest species that stands out for its medicinal importance. Te objective of thiswork was to determine the best sigmoidal mathematical model describing the germination of C. ofcinalis. For the germinationtest, a completely randomized design was used with six treatments and three replicates per treatment; 100 °C. ofcinalis seeds wereused per replicate, and 1800 seeds were needed in the trial. Gompertz sigmoidal, logistic, and von Bertalanfy models were used toanalyse the germination curves of C. ofcinalis. Te results of these adjustments were analysed based on the graphic representationand statistical criteria (Akaike’s value (AIC), R2 , and R2ai). Te results suggest that the Gompertz and logistic models havea better g...

Construction activities produce considerable environmental effects and have resulted in a growing demand to implement favorable environmental practices. In this sense, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of the level of compliance with environmental regulations in public civil works in the San Ignacio, Cajamarca, Peru district. Data were obtained through direct observation and structured interviews in 7 selected construction sites. The deductive and analytical method was used. As a result, the level of compliance was obtained. Work 4 had the highest rank, and works 2 and 5 had the lowest. Currently, all the works are in a similar range of compliance. The degree of association between the level of compliance with environmental regulations and the current state of the civil works indicates a probability of 0.0190, which shows that the low level of compliance with environmental regul...

In Peru, scientific journals are in constant growth, as they seek to make visible the scientific work of licensed public universities. In this sense, the objective of this research was to evaluate the historical evolution and future perspectives of scientific journals in Peru. The research was carried out by reviewing the official web pages of each institution, taking into account the official list of universities authorized by the Superintendencia Nacional de Educación Superior Universitaria (SUNEDU). We reviewed journals that are included in the Sistema Regional de Información en Línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal (Latindex Catálogo 2.0), SciELO, Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus. Data analysis was performed by tabulation in Excel and Minitab 19. We found 205 scientific journals, 51 are indexed in at least one database (Latindex Catálo...