Introduction: Obesity is a public health problem, which also affects the worksector. Objective: Determine the factors associated with overweight and obesity inPiura workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study, using secondary database. Weused the occupational exam records of workers of companies in Sechura – Piura.The main variable was the BMI classification (normal/overweight/obese).Descriptive results and the association between the type of BMI and othervariables were presented. Results: Of the 1203 workers who met the selectioncriteria, 93.2% (1121) were male, and had a median age of 31 (range: 18-63).Significant difference between BMI with respect to waist circumference, hipdiameter, hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL and glucose was found.In addition to gender, age and type of test (entrance/periodic/retirement). The studyshowed no significant differences from the plac...

Diabetic foot is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus; however, in hospitals of provinces from Perú, the relationship of this condition with hospital stay has not been calculated. Objective: To determine the association between hospitalization time and diabetic foot in three hospitals from Cusco, Perú. Methods: A cross-sectional study of secondary data analysis was conducted. We analyzed the data of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to the internal medicine service between January and December 2016, in three tertiary hospitals in Cusco, Peru. Correlation coefficients and p-values were calculated using generalized linear models, with Gaussian family and identity function, adjusted by intervening variables. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 153 patients, 14% (21) had a diabetic foot diagnosis, and their median age wa...

Diabetic foot is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus; however, in hospitals of provinces from Perú, the relationship of this condition with hospital stay has not been calculated. Objective: To determine the association between hospitalization time and diabetic foot in three hospitals from Cusco, Perú. Methods: A cross-sectional study of secondary data analysis was conducted. We analyzed the data of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to the internal medicine service between January and December 2016, in three tertiary hospitals in Cusco, Peru. Correlation coefficients and p-values were calculated using generalized linear models, with Gaussian family and identity function, adjusted by intervening variables. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 153 patients, 14% (21) had a diabetic foot diagnosis, and their median age wa...

Introduction: Obesity is a public health problem, which also affects the worksector. Objective: Determine the factors associated with overweight and obesity inPiura workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study, using secondary database. Weused the occupational exam records of workers of companies in Sechura – Piura.The main variable was the BMI classification (normal/overweight/obese).Descriptive results and the association between the type of BMI and othervariables were presented. Results: Of the 1203 workers who met the selectioncriteria, 93.2% (1121) were male, and had a median age of 31 (range: 18-63).Significant difference between BMI with respect to waist circumference, hipdiameter, hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL and glucose was found.In addition to gender, age and type of test (entrance/periodic/retirement). The studyshowed no significant differences from the plac...

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“Introducción: El COVID-19 sigue siendo un problema sanitario a nivel mundial, pues es un virus que continúa evolucionando y la vacunación sigue presentando obstáculos. Es menester evaluar los conocimientos sobre COVID-19 de la población laboral, pues estos permiten respaldar una toma de decisiones en favor de la prevención. Objetivo: Validar una escala que mida conocimientos sobre COVID-19 que tiene la población laboral del Perú. Material y Métodos: Se confeccionó una escala de 10 preguntas, se las sometió a un juicio de expertos, se evaluó en un piloto y se hizo una encuesta a 663 trabajadores. Resultados: La V de Aiken fue mayor de 0,7 en todos los ítems. Se obtuvo un total de 9 ítems. Se evidenció que el ítem 3 fue el más difícil (ID = 63%). El alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,701 (0.65-0.74). Conclusiones: Se validó un instrumento, que puede medir efectivamente los con...

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the spread of abundant misinformation by the media, which caused fear and concern. Objective: To determine the association between the pathologies of the mental sphere and the perceptions of fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media with respect to COVID-19 in Latin America. Methodology: The present study has an analytical cross-sectional design that is based on a validated survey to measure fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media and other sources (Cronbach’s α: 0.90). We surveyed more than 6,000 people, originally from 12 Latin American countries, who associated this perceived exaggeration with stress, depression, and anxiety (measured through DASS-21, Cronbach’s α: 0.96). Results: Social networks (40%) or television (34%) were perceived as the sources that exaggerate the magnitude of the events. In addition, televisi...

“Introduction: Sanitary control mechanisms differ greatly from country to country. Therefore, it is important to know citizens' perception of different realities. We aimed to determine the factors associated with the perception of inadequate sanitary control in 12 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study. We asked about six perceptions in regard to different situations experienced by inhabitants of 12 Latin American countries during the pandemic. Frequencies according to country were described and associations vs. other important variables were obtained. Results: Out of 8,489 participants, 68% stated that there were moments of collective hysteria. Honduras was the country that most perceived inadequate control mechanisms established by the government. Multivariate analysis showed that there were statistically significan...

Introducción: Conocer una enfermedad es crucial para poder combatirla, especialmente en una región en la que el COVID-19 causó tantas muertes, como es América Latina. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre conocimientos básicos de COVID-19 y nivel educativo según país de residencia en América Latina. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio transversal analítico. El nivel básico de conocimientos se midió a través de nueve preguntas cerradas (escala validada en Perú). El puntaje obtenido se analizó mediante la realización de una tabla cruzada contra género, edad, nivel educativo y país de residencia. Resultados: De un total de 9.222 encuestados, casi todos conocían los síntomas comunes (99%), modos de transmisión (93%) y sabían reconocer cuál no era un síntoma específico (93%). A través del modelo multivariado, encontramos que no hubo asociación con el género ( p...

The COVID-19 pandemic generated high mortality in various countries, which may have had an impact on the mental health of young people. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether the death of a family member or close friend due to COVID-19 generated a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, or moderate/severe stress in university health sciences students in Latin America. This is an analytical cross-sectional study, with secondary data; depression, anxiety, and stress were measured with a validated survey. In addition, data were obtained on the deaths by COVID-19 of family members or close friends, illness and other socio-economic variables. Descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained. It was found that, of the 3304 students, 5.9% (190) had a close relative who had died, 11.2% (363) a distant relative, and 19.8% (641) a friend. According to the multivariate analysis, th...

“Quarantine and the restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have generated problems in nutrition and physical condition around the world. We aimed to determine factors associated with changes in perceived weight and lifestyle factors during the COVID-19 quarantine in Latin America, conducting a cross-sectional study based on a survey administered in more than a dozen countries during June–August 2020. Perceptions of weight changes and alterations in other habits were investigated and were associated with social factors and self-reported diseases. Of 8800 respondents, the majority perceived that they had gained weight and had been less physically active. Being female, living in Bolivia, obesity, and stress were factors associated with a higher perception of weight gain. A higher perception of physical activity was also associated with living in Chile, being of older age, be...

Introduction: COVID-19 has generated great repercussions for the population globally; millions of deaths have been reported worldwide. The idea of death is especially exacerbated when there are close to death experiences that remind us how close we are to fatality. This is why it is important to measure fatalistic ideas of those who have not yet been infected. Objective: To revalidate a scale that measures fatalistic perception prior to COVID-19 infection in a population of 13 Latin American countries. Methodology: We conducted an instrumental study. We used a previously validated scale in Peru, with seven items divided into two factors and with five possible Likert-type responses (from strongly disagree to strongly agree). It was administered to a large population in 13 Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America; for each of the seven questions, 886 people were surveyed. With these res...

“Introduction: Sanitary control mechanisms differ greatly from country to country. Therefore, it is important to know citizens' perception of different realities. We aimed to determine the factors associated with the perception of inadequate sanitary control in 12 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study. We asked about six perceptions in regard to different situations experienced by inhabitants of 12 Latin American countries during the pandemic. Frequencies according to country were described and associations vs. other important variables were obtained. Results: Out of 8,489 participants, 68% stated that there were moments of collective hysteria. Honduras was the country that most perceived inadequate control mechanisms established by the government. Multivariate analysis showed that there were statistically significan...

“Quarantine and the restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have generated problems in nutrition and physical condition around the world. We aimed to determine factors associated with changes in perceived weight and lifestyle factors during the COVID-19 quarantine in Latin America, conducting a cross-sectional study based on a survey administered in more than a dozen countries during June–August 2020. Perceptions of weight changes and alterations in other habits were investigated and were associated with social factors and self-reported diseases. Of 8800 respondents, the majority perceived that they had gained weight and had been less physically active. Being female, living in Bolivia, obesity, and stress were factors associated with a higher perception of weight gain. A higher perception of physical activity was also associated with living in Chile, being of older age, be...

The COVID-19 pandemic generated high mortality in various countries, which may have had an impact on the mental health of young people. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether the death of a family member or close friend due to COVID-19 generated a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, or moderate/severe stress in university health sciences students in Latin America. This is an analytical cross-sectional study, with secondary data; depression, anxiety, and stress were measured with a validated survey. In addition, data were obtained on the deaths by COVID-19 of family members or close friends, illness and other socio-economic variables. Descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained. It was found that, of the 3304 students, 5.9% (190) had a close relative who had died, 11.2% (363) a distant relative, and 19.8% (641) a friend. According to the multivariate analysis, th...

“Introducción: Conocer una enfermedad es crucial para poder combatirla, especialmente en una región en la que el COVID-19 causó tantas muertes, como es América Latina. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre conocimientos básicos de COVID-19 y nivel educativo según país de residencia en América Latina. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio transversal analítico. El nivel básico de conocimientos se midió a través de nueve preguntas cerradas (escala validada en Perú). El puntaje obtenido se analizó mediante la realización de una tabla cruzada contra género, edad, nivel educativo y país de residencia. Resultados: De un total de 9.222 encuestados, casi todos conocían los síntomas comunes (99%), modos de transmisión (93%) y sabían reconocer cuál no era un síntoma específico (93%). A través del modelo multivariado, encontramos que no hubo asociación con el género ...

Introducción: la mayoría de las investigaciones muestran la situa-ción de los recursos humanos del sistema de salud en países primer-mundistas, por lo que es necesario caracterizar nuestra realidad lati-noamericana en este aspecto.Objetivo: caracterizar el tipo de trabajo y la formación de posgrado de los recursos humanos del área de salud en ocho países de Latino-américa.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo a través de encuestas au-toaplicadas sobre las características de los centros de labores y capa-citaciones de posgrado que se han tenido.Resultados: de las 1.283 personas que respondieron la encuesta, el 87,1 % laboraba en un hospital (salario promedio mensual: 840 dó-lares), el 23,3 % también lo hacía en una clínica (salario promedio mensual: 1.200 dólares). Además, solo el 20,5 % trabajaba en un esta-blecimiento del primer nivel de atención (salario promedi...

“Introducción: La satisfacción estudiantil con los programas académicos es importante en la educación médica, para crear futuros galenos competentes. No hay estudios latinoamericanos multicéntricos que determinen sus factores asociados, pare mejorar el currículo médico. Objetivo: Determinar el porcentaje y factores asociados a la satisfacción estudiantil con docentes, infraestructura e investigación en 9 escuelas médicas latinoamericanas. Métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo de datos secundarios obtenidos mediante cuestionario administrado a estudiantes de medicina de 9 universidades latinoamericanas; indagó variables socioeducativas y la satisfacción estudiantil respecto a docentes, infraestructura e investigación de las universidades. Para el análisis se usaron modelos lineales generalizados. Resultados: De 2 649 encuestados, 57 % eran mujeres con mediana de 22 aÃ...

“Sustainability may be at risk in a population that has altered health, according to Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3): Health and well-being. The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine could jeopardize SDG 3, specifically the mental health of the population. The present study sought to determine the association between severe anxiety, depression and stress in population of 13 Latin American countries according to fear about the war conflict. It was a crosssectional, analytical and multicenter study. Anxiety, depression and stress were measured with the DASS-21 test (Cronbach’s Alpha: 0.97) and fear due to an armed crisis with a questionnaire already validated in Latin America (Cronbach’s Alpha: 0.92), which was also adjusted for sex, age, education level and country of residence. Descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained. Of the 2,626 respondents, the main fear...

“Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the spread of abundant misinformation by the media, which caused fear and concern. Objective: To determine the association between the pathologies of the mental sphere and the perceptions of fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media with respect to COVID-19 in Latin America. Methodology: The present study has an analytical cross-sectional design that is based on a validated survey to measure fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media and other sources (Cronbach's α: 0.90). We surveyed more than 6,000 people, originally from 12 Latin American countries, who associated this perceived exaggeration with stress, depression, and anxiety (measured through DASS-21, Cronbach's α: 0.96). Results: Social networks (40%) or television (34%) were perceived as the sources that exaggerate the magnitude of the events. In addition, televisio...