Los autores responden a las observaciones realizadas al estudio sobre gasometría arterial en adultos clínicamente sanos, publicado en la revista en el año 2014 vol.31 número 3. Se da respuesta a observaciones relacionadas con aspectos éticos, las diferencias de resultados descritas en el artículo con otros estudios, las condiciones fisiológicas normales, la elección de la técnica de muestreo para el estudio y el tamaño de la muestra, ratificándose en la conclusión de su estudio.

Peru reported the second-highest COVID-19 cases in Latin America, after Brazil. The first COVID-19 wave occurred between March–December 2020, and the second occurred between January–September 2021. The differences between these waves remain largely unknown, and there is no comparison between them in Peru. We evaluated the variation in the clinical and epidemiological components of COVID-19-affected patients in both waves in northern Peru by a retrospective study using the clinical follow-up database of Lambayeque and the epidemiological notification form database of NotiWeb. The COVID-19-associated factors during the two waves were determined using simple and multiple regression analysis, and the prevalence ratio (PR) was estimated. During the second wave of COVID-19, there was an increase in cough symptoms in 12.1%, odynophagia in 5.0%, and chills in 16.0% compared with the first wa...

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 podría haber afectado la cobertura de vacunación. Objetivo: Estimar las coberturas de vacunación para los años 2018-2020 y analizar las condiciones sociales, económicas y educativas relacionadas a este indicador. Material y Métodos: Estudio epidemiológico social realizado en la región Cusco con reporte de cobertura de vacunación en los años 2018-2020 para el periodo enero – mayo y con indicadores económicos y educativos para el 2019. Se estimaron tasas de cobertura de vacunación (pentavalente, antipoliomielítica, antineumocócica y SPR) así como variables de desigualdad. Se expresaron métricas de brecha a través de índices de Kuznets absoluto (ika) y Kuznets relativo (ikr). Resultados: De 112 distritos, las coberturas de vacunación para las 4 vacunas fueron en promedio de 39%, 38% y 24% para el 2018, 2019 y 2020; respectivamente...

Peru reported the second-highest COVID-19 cases in Latin America, after Brazil. The first COVID-19 wave occurred between March– December 2020, and the second occurred between January–September 2021. The differences between these waves remain largely unknown, and there is no comparison between them in Peru. We evaluated the variation in the clinical and epidemiological components of COVID-19-affected patients in both waves in northern Peru by a retrospective study using the clinical follow-up database of Lambayeque and the epidemiological notification form database of NotiWeb. The COVID-19-associated factors during the two waves were determined using simple and multiple regression analysis, and the prevalence ratio (PR) was estimated. During the second wave of COVID-19, there was an increase in cough symptoms in 12.1%, odynophagia in 5.0%, and chills in 16.0% compared with the first w...

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic could have affected vaccination coverage. Objetive: Was to estimate vaccination coverage for the years 2018-2020 and to analyze the social, economic and educational conditions related to this indicator. Material and Methods: Social epidemiological study carried out in the Cusco region with a report of vaccination coverage in the years 2018-2020 for the period January - May and with economic and educational indicators for 2019. Rates of vaccination coverage were estimated (pentavalent, polio, pneumococcal and SPR) as well as inequality variables. Gap metrics were expressed through absolute Kuznets (ika) and relative Kuznets (ikr). Results: Of 112 districts, the vaccination coverage for the 4 vaccines were on average 39%, 38% and 24% for 2018, 2019 and 2020; respectively. Accumulated vaccination coverage is similar between 2018 and 2019 according to educ...

Objetivo: Las infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud (IAAS) son la primera complicación en pacientes hospitalizados. El objetivo del estudio fue reportar la prevalencia puntual de IAAS, identificar las características clínicas a través del uso de un aplicativo virtual desarrollado para tal fin. Material y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en el Hospital Nacional Adolfo Guevara Velasco del Cusco, durante el mes de noviembre del 2017. Revisamos las historias clínicas de los pacientes hospitalizados y recolectamos factores intrínsecos, extrínsecos y procedimientos quirúrgicos. Las variables cualitativas se analizaron mediante frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Se compararon proporciones mediante las pruebas de Chi - cuadrado o exacta de Fisher; la mediana se comparó mediante la suma de rangos de Wilcoxon. Resultados: Consideramos 304 pacientes para el análisis. La prev...

La pandemia por la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) está afectando los sistemas de salud en los países de la región. Asimismo, afecta las coberturas de vacunación en varios países del mundo (3). Esto se debe a la priorización de actividades sanitarias, sociales y económicas que han tomado los países para contener, controlar y mitigar la pandemia. Por ejemplo, en el Perú las medidas de distanciamiento social y la suspensión temporal del Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones (PNI) han propiciado dificultades de movilización de personas y la desconfianza del personal sanitario y de la población sobre el uso de las vacunas. Esto ha generado la reacción inmediata del PNI mediante actividades de promoción para contener un probable perjuicio en las coberturas de vacunación.

Introducción: La pérdida de peso en recién nacidos por cesárea es poco estudiada en Perú. Objetivo: Determinar el punto de corte de la variación de peso en las primeras 24 horas en recién nacidos a término por cesárea para desarrollar pérdida ponderal excesiva. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico de prueba diagnóstica. La muestra estuvo conformada por 143 recién nacidos por cesárea sanos a término en Cusco-Perú. Se consideró como variable de interés a la pérdida ponderal excesiva (>10 %) y como variable de exposición a la variación porcentual de peso a las 24 horas. Se establecieron puntos de corte para la pérdida ponderal excesiva por curvas ROC y validación diagnóstica. Resultados: El peso promedio al nacer fue 3262,7 gramos y la variación porcentual de peso a las 24 y 72 horas fue 4,9 % y 8,6 %, respectivamente. El área bajo la curva en el g...

“Quarantine and the restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have generated problems in nutrition and physical condition around the world. We aimed to determine factors associated with changes in perceived weight and lifestyle factors during the COVID-19 quarantine in Latin America, conducting a cross-sectional study based on a survey administered in more than a dozen countries during June–August 2020. Perceptions of weight changes and alterations in other habits were investigated and were associated with social factors and self-reported diseases. Of 8800 respondents, the majority perceived that they had gained weight and had been less physically active. Being female, living in Bolivia, obesity, and stress were factors associated with a higher perception of weight gain. A higher perception of physical activity was also associated with living in Chile, being of older age, be...

“Quarantine and the restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have generated problems in nutrition and physical condition around the world. We aimed to determine factors associated with changes in perceived weight and lifestyle factors during the COVID-19 quarantine in Latin America, conducting a cross-sectional study based on a survey administered in more than a dozen countries during June–August 2020. Perceptions of weight changes and alterations in other habits were investigated and were associated with social factors and self-reported diseases. Of 8800 respondents, the majority perceived that they had gained weight and had been less physically active. Being female, living in Bolivia, obesity, and stress were factors associated with a higher perception of weight gain. A higher perception of physical activity was also associated with living in Chile, being of older age, be...

“: Few studies have evaluated eating disorders in military personnel engaged in defense activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with eating disorders in military personnel from Lambayeque, Peru. A secondary data analysis was performed among 510 military personnel during the second epidemic wave of COVID-19 in Peru. We used the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) to assess eating disorders. We explored associations with insomnia, food insecurity, physical activity, resilience, fear to COVID-19, burnout syndrome, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress and selected sociodemographic variables. Eating disorders were experienced by 10.2% of participants. A higher prevalence of eating disorders was associated with having 7 to 12 months (PR: 2.97; 95% CI: 1.24–7.11) and 19 months or more (PR: 2.62; 95% CI: 1.11–6.17) working in th...

“: Military personnel represent a frontline group exposed to multiple stressors. These factors have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, predisposing to the development of suicidal risk (SR). Given the few studies conducted in this population, we evaluated the prevalence of SR and its associated factors during the health emergency. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in person among 514 participants in Lambayeque, Peru in 2021. The outcome was SR, and the exposures were depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), PTSD (PCL-C), and other sociodemographic variables. The prevalence of SR was 14.0% (95% CI: 11.12–17.31%) and was significantly higher in people with a family history of mental health (PR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.13–4.15) and in those with moderate clinical insomnia (PR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.19–4.12). Military personnel with high resilience had a lower prevalence of SR (PR: 0.54...

“: Military personnel represent a frontline group exposed to multiple stressors. These factors have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, predisposing to the development of suicidal risk (SR). Given the few studies conducted in this population, we evaluated the prevalence of SR and its associated factors during the health emergency. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in person among 514 participants in Lambayeque, Peru in 2021. The outcome was SR, and the exposures were depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), PTSD (PCL-C), and other sociodemographic variables. The prevalence of SR was 14.0% (95% CI: 11.12–17.31%) and was significantly higher in people with a family history of mental health (PR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.13–4.15) and in those with moderate clinical insomnia (PR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.19–4.12). Military personnel with high resilience had a lower prevalence of SR (PR: 0.54...

During the COVID-19 pandemic, university students have adopted measures that completely transformed their educational environment, and this has generated an increase in psychological stress. The present study aimed to identify the factors associated with anxiety, depression, and stress in students at a university in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study in students in Lima, Peru. The DASS-21 scale was used to measure levels of depression, anxiety, and stress and associate it with socio-educational and COVID-19-related variables using generalized linear models with Poisson distribution, log link, and robust variance. Of 400 students surveyed, 19.2%, 23.2% and 17.2% of students presented depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. The frequency of depression (PR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84–0.99), anxiety (PR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.83–0.99) and ...

Introduction: The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. Peru has few reports describing the national and regional epidemiology of thyroid cancer. Objective: The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. Peru has few reports describing the national and regional epidemiology of thyroid cancer. Methods: A descriptive study of trends was conducted with secondary data obtained from a public information source in Peru. The ICD 10: C73.0 coding record was evaluated, by age group, year and region. The age-standardized prevalence (period 2005 to 2016) and mortality (period 2005 to 2015) were calculated by region and year of study. Results: In the 2005-2016 period, 19 513 cases of thyroid cancer were recorded. The age group with the highest frequency was 30 to 59 years (57.7%). The prevalence increased from 4.7 to 15.2 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in the period 2005-2016...

Introduction: The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. Peru has few reports describing the national and regional epidemiology of thyroid cancer. Objective: The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. Peru has few reports describing the national and regional epidemiology of thyroid cancer. Methods: A descriptive study of trends was conducted with secondary data obtained from a public information source in Peru. The ICD 10: C73.0 coding record was evaluated, by age group, year and region. The age-standardized prevalence (period 2005 to 2016) and mortality (period 2005 to 2015) were calculated by region and year of study. Results: In the 2005-2016 period, 19 513 cases of thyroid cancer were recorded. The age group with the highest frequency was 30 to 59 years (57.7%). The prevalence increased from 4.7 to 15.2 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in the period 2005-2016...

Objectives To determine the association between internet addiction disorder (IAD) and anxiety and depressive symptomatology in high school students in two private schools in Chiclayo, Peru, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods Analytical cross-sectional investigation of 505 adolescents from two private schools. The dependent variables were anxiety and depressive symptomatology, measured with the Beck Adapted Depression Questionnaire (BDI-IIA) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively. The main independent variable was IAD, measured with the Internet Addiction Test instrument(IATI). Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confdence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. Results The average age was 14.16 years and 54.9% were women. 22.2% and 3.2% presented mild and moderate IAD; respectively. 9.3% presented severe anxiety and 34.3% severe depressive symptomatology. In the simple ...

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, increased workload and stress could have increased mental health problems (anxiety and depression) in military personnel. However, the number of studies in military members is scarce, especially in regard to mental health. The objective of this study was determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety in Peruvian military personnel. Methods: We undertook an analytical cross-sectional study. The survey was distributed face to face between November 02 and 09, 2021, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among the military personnel. We used some instruments to measure depression (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7), insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index, ISI), food insecurity (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, HFIAS), physical activity (International Physical Act...

Introduction: The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. Peru has few reports describing the national and regional epidemiology of thyroid cancer. Objective: The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. Peru has few reports describing the national and regional epidemiology of thyroid cancer. Methods: A descriptive study of trends was conducted with secondary data obtained from a public information source in Peru. The ICD 10: C73.0 coding record was evaluated, by age group, year and region. The age-standardized prevalence (period 2005 to 2016) and mortality (period 2005 to 2015) were calculated by region and year of study. Results: In the 2005-2016 period, 19 513 cases of thyroid cancer were recorded. The age group with the highest frequency was 30 to 59 years (57.7%). The prevalence increased from 4.7 to 15.2 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in the period 2005-2016...

Introduction: Medical students are poorly prepared in health services management due to the use of traditional teaching methods, developed in theoretical environments with poor active participation. Virtual simulated training is an innovative alternative in the learning process. Objective: This study aimed to determine the knowledge improvement in managerial decision-making amongst medical students at the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos in Peru, after a virtual simulated training. Methods: A before-after cross-sectional design was undertaken among final year medical students to measure their improvement in management knowledge. The simulation methodology was used as a component of the Medical Externship clinical course in which the administrative dimension of a clinical case such as hypoacusis was considered. Results: Of the 79 participants, 48 (60.8%) were female and the median...