Objective: To identify Malassezia species in healthy skin seborrhea areas in Lima inhabitants. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Daniel Alcides Carrion Tropical Medicine Institute, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Participants: Asymptomatic persons. Interventions: Skin samples were collected from 129 asymptomatic residents of several districts of Lima city using Mariat and Adan-Campos’ technique. Malassezia isolation was performed in modified Dixon medium and incubated at 32° C for 7 days. Colonies were identified by macro and micro morphological characteristics and typing was determined by biochemical and physiological properties using Guillot’s technique. Main outcome measures: Malassezia species, participants’ gender, age and anatomical region. Results: Malassezia spp was isolated in 43.4% of the residents, 49.2% in men and 37.5% in women. From variou...

Objectives: To determine dermatomycoses epidemiological evolution in outpatients during the period 1976-2005. Design: Descriptive, retrospective, and analytical study. Setting: Daniel Alcides Carrion Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Participants: Patients positive to dermatomycoses. Interventions: Medical records of 7 185 (55.3%) dermatomycoses-positive patients were reviewed. Main outcome measures: Etiologic agent, season, gender, age, and clinical forms. Results: Females (52.1%) and the 16 to 30 year-old group (42.7%) were the most affected. Most frequent dermatomycoses was onychomycosis (43.6%). Most prevalent pathogens were Trichophyton rubrum (33.2%), Candida albicans (15.3%), Candida non albicans (11.8%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (9.4%), Malassezia spp. (9.1%), and mixed infections (7.2%). The fungal scalp infection showed ste...

In the present investigation we have studied some fungae which produce Mycotoxins. The samples were obtained from markets in the city of Lima during the summer, autumn and spring of 1999. The method used was the expositión of the samples in agar-potatoe-dextrose and cloranfenical media. We were able to isolate eleven varieties of fungae which produce mycotoxins such as Penicillium, Aspergillus Fusarium, Altemaria, Cephalosporium, Cladosporium, Paecylomices, Phytomices, Stachybotris, Trichoderma, Trichotecium (Fig. 1,2, 3). The mast frequent ane were the ones of Penicillium gender, which were observed in the following matkets: Huamantanga, Puente de Piedra, Comas, La Victoria y San Luis (Mercado de fruta) In these we got 36 rotten apples in each one af them. The mycotoxill Patulin was identified qualitatively by thin layer chromatography. Besides, we analyzed six samples of apple juice i...

In the present investigation we have studied some fungae which produce Mycotoxins. The samples were obtained from markets in the city of Lima during the summer, autumn and spring of 1999. The method used was the expositión of the samples in agar-potatoe-dextrose and cloranfenical media. We were able to isolate eleven varieties of fungae which produce mycotoxins such as Penicillium, Aspergillus Fusarium, Altemaria, Cephalosporium, Cladosporium, Paecylomices, Phytomices, Stachybotris, Trichoderma, Trichotecium (Fig. 1,2, 3). The mast frequent ane were the ones of Penicillium gender, which were observed in the following matkets: Huamantanga, Puente de Piedra, Comas, La Victoria y San Luis (Mercado de fruta) In these we got 36 rotten apples in each one af them. The mycotoxill Patulin was identified qualitatively by thin layer chromatography. Besides, we analyzed six samples of apple juice i...

OBJECTIVES: Vaginal discharge and related aymptoms are frequent complaints among young women. The aim of this study was to describe Candida species isolated from vaginal discharge samples, as well as the relationship between Candida species and some of these symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey of consecutive patients presenting with vaginal discharge in the course of normal consultations was conducted at the Hospital Loayza. One hundred women with vaginal discharge were surveyed, with main outcome measures being clinical evaluation, microbiological assessment of vaginal swabs (including fresh samples, stainings, cultures and fermentation tests). RESULTS: Candida species were isolated from 24 samples. 12 of them were identified as C. albicans, 6 C. tropicalis, 4 C. famata, 1 C. glabrata and 1 C. kruseii. No differences were found between clinical presentation of Candida vulvovaginiti...

We report the case of a 72-years-old woman who complains fever, headache, malaise and weakness, with a history of tooth extraction five days before the onset of this symptoms. On laboratory samples, Actinomyces israelii was isolated from her blood culture. We suggest that, although bacteremia caused by this organism is uncommon, it should be take in account, specially in febrile patients who were underwent an odontologic procedure.

The polyethylene biodegradation by microorganisms is a solution for the reduction of the plastics pollution. Isolation and characterization of the fungi capable to degrade the polyethylene are reported, as well as the conditions of pH and temperature in which they showed the higher activity. Fungi were isolated from polyethylene products obtained of sanitary landfill; the identification was realized in base to growth in petri plate and the technique of microculture in sheet. Biodegradative activity was determined with the Kavelman and Kendrick technique, for temperatures between 20 and 30 °C and to pH 4,5 – 8,0. Twenty strains of micromicete were isolated and identified. Five strain (25%) shown polyethylene biodegradative capacity to 20 °C, and pH 6,5. Six strain (30%) showed activity biodegradative to 30 °C, and pH 6,5. In both cases, Aspergillus flavus was the strain with greater ...

In July (winter) of 2005 and January (summer) of 2006 there was realized the microbiological study of the water of 8 beaches of summery recreation of the coast of Lima by the purpose of evaluating the usefulness of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus like indicators of fecal pollution. In every month 5 series of samplings were done. They used like indicators of fecal pollution total Coliforms (CT) 5,000 NMP/100mL, fecal Coliforms (CF) 1,000 NMP/100mL according to the Peruvian Norm and also to Escherichia coli (EC) 100 NMP/100mL and Enterococcus (E) 35 NMP/100mL. The results of the analyses realized in January qualify to the water of 3 beaches like unacceptable for the bath, according to the Peruvian Norm; but it is used as indicator EC and E, 8 beaches would be considered to be like unacceptable. The results of July demonstrate that the water of 8 beaches was acceptable, according to the P...

To detect injured coliforms (IC) in drinking water considered suitable for the human consumption according to the Peruvian normativity, were taken and processed 100 water samples of buildings of the district of Lima Cercado. For the analysis the residual free chlorine (RFC) by means of DPD technique and pH was determined using indicating rods Merck. For the count of heterotrophic bacteria (HB) the spread plate method was used, to quantify total Coliform (TC) and fecal Coliform (FC) the techniques of multiple tubes and membrane fi lter were used. In order to recover and to enumerate injured TC and FC the m-T7 medium were used. For the bacterial specifi cation the standard tests and API 20E system. For CI’s detection there were in used the samples that turned out to be negative for TC and FC and/or had count of HB an equal or lower to 500 UFC/mL. Using the conventional methods was demons...

To detect injured coliforms (IC) in drinking water considered suitable for the human consumption according to the Peruvian normativity, were taken and processed 100 water samples of buildings of the district of Lima Cercado. For the analysis the residual free chlorine (RFC) by means of DPD technique and pH was determined using indicating rods Merck. For the count of heterotrophic bacteria (HB) the spread plate method was used, to quantify total Coliform (TC) and fecal Coliform (FC) the techniques of multiple tubes and membrane fi lter were used. In order to recover and to enumerate injured TC and FC the m-T7 medium were used. For the bacterial specifi cation the standard tests and API 20E system. For CI’s detection there were in used the samples that turned out to be negative for TC and FC and/or had count of HB an equal or lower to 500 UFC/mL. Using the conventional methods was demons...

The polyethylene biodegradation by microorganisms is a solution for the reduction of the plastics pollution. Isolation and characterization of the fungi capable to degrade the polyethylene are reported, as well as the conditions of pH and temperature in which they showed the higher activity. Fungi were isolated from polyethylene products obtained of sanitary landfill; the identification was realized in base to growth in petri plate and the technique of microculture in sheet. Biodegradative activity was determined with the Kavelman and Kendrick technique, for temperatures between 20 and 30 °C and to pH 4,5 – 8,0. Twenty strains of micromicete were isolated and identified. Five strain (25%) shown polyethylene biodegradative capacity to 20 °C, and pH 6,5. Six strain (30%) showed activity biodegradative to 30 °C, and pH 6,5. In both cases, Aspergillus flavus was the strain with greater ...

Introducción: La OMS y el sistema de información rutinaria en Salud (PRIMS) proponen la existencia de tres determinantes en los sistemas de información en salud (SIRS): los de comportamiento, técnicos, y organizacionales /ambientales, que requieren tener calidad para buen desempeño. Objetivos: Evaluar el sistema de información en Salud (SIRS) del Programa de ITS/VIH/sida en un hospital nivel III-1 de una zona de alta prevalencia. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo. Institución: Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrión, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Participantes: Personal de Salud involucrado y una muestra representativa de las dos últimas semanas registros del parte diario e historia clínica de las actividades de la ESNPC ITS-VIH/sida. Intervenciones: Se usó herramientas estandarizadas para evaluar estos determinantes. Resultados: Determinantes organizacionales: 60% percibe ...

In July (winter) of 2005 and January (summer) of 2006 there was realized the microbiological study of the water of 8 beaches of summery recreation of the coast of Lima by the purpose of evaluating the usefulness of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus like indicators of fecal pollution. In every month 5 series of samplings were done. They used like indicators of fecal pollution total Coliforms (CT) 5,000 NMP/100mL, fecal Coliforms (CF) 1,000 NMP/100mL according to the Peruvian Norm and also to Escherichia coli (EC) 100 NMP/100mL and Enterococcus (E) 35 NMP/100mL. The results of the analyses realized in January qualify to the water of 3 beaches like unacceptable for the bath, according to the Peruvian Norm; but it is used as indicator EC and E, 8 beaches would be considered to be like unacceptable. The results of July demonstrate that the water of 8 beaches was acceptable, according to the P...

Consumption of transgenic foods constitutes a potential health risk. However, in Peru there is a lack of updated and reliable information on the presence of transgenics in food and on the relevant data on their labeling; in the same way about the food consumed by animals for supply, whose products are going to be ingested by humans. Objetive. To determine the transgenicity, through the detection of the 35S promoter, in industrialized corn food products for human and animal consumption, which are marketed in Lima and to verify if the labeling mentions whether or not it contains transgenic sequences. Methods. 30 food samples for human consumption and 10 for consumption by animals for production were analyzed; and the labeling was revised. The Dneasy Mericon Food kit was used for DNA extraction, the Real Time-PCR method for P35S detection using the Mericon Screen 35S kit, and the Mericon Qu...

Introducción. El consumo de alimentos industrializados que contienen organismos genéticamente modificados (OGM) se ha incrementado notablemente. Desde su inicio ha generado crecientes controversias debido a que se considera de riesgo para la salud. En Perú se carece de información científica sobre los OGM en alimentos industrializados. Objetivo. Detectar y cuantificar molecularmente los indicadores de transgenicidad P35S y TNOS, y la soya transgénica Roundup Ready en alimentos industrializados de soya; y verificar su mención en la etiqueta. Métodos. Analizamos 30 muestras, para extraer el ADN utilizamos los kits Dneasy Mericon Food y Dneasy Power Soil. Para la detección y cuantificación de las secuencias transgénicas usamos la técnica PCR en tiempo real con los kits Mericon. Resultados. Detectamos transgenicidad en el 100% de las muestras y soya Roundup Ready en el 66,7%. El ...

Objetivos: Comprobar la actividad antimicrobiana de tres biovariedades de tara frente a cepas de Staphylococcus aureus sensibles y resistentes a oxacilina. Diseño: Es un estudio descriptivo prospectivo analítico. institución: Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrión, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Material biológico: Se evaluó 31 cepas S. aureus oxacilina sensibles y 29 resistentes, aisladas de muestras clínicas, frente a tres cocimientos de tara de las zonas de Huamanga, Huarochirí y Tarma. Intervenciones: Se preparó el cocimiento de tara y se impregnó discos en blanco para utilizarlos como un antibiograma por disco difusión. Principales medidas de resultados: Diámetro de los halos de inhibición. Resultados: Los tres cocimientos presentaron actividad antimicrobiana frente a las cepas de Staphylococcus aureus; el cocimiento de Huamanga tuvo mayor halo de inhibición fr...

Objetivos: Determinar la efectividad antibacteriana de diez plantas medicinales frente a Streptococcus pneumoniae. Diseño: Estudio experimental Institución: Instituto de Medicina Tropical, UNMSM. Material biológico: Aislamientos bacterianos de Streptococcus pneumoniae, plantas medicinales. Intervenciones: Los extractos de 10 plantas medicinales fueron puestos en contacto in vitro mediante el método de disco difusión con 10 cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae. Principales medidas de resultados: Actividad de las plantas medicinales sobre las cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae. Resultados: Almendro y Bellaco caspi fueron las únicas plantas que dieron pequeño halo de inhibición con algunas cepas; con almendro se inhibió 2 cepas y con Bellaco caspi se inhibió 7 cepas y 3 resultaron resistentes. Estos resultados no tuvieron relación con el serotipo del neumococo ni con los antibiótico...

Objectives: To determine three tara’s biovarieties antimicrobial activity against oxacillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Design: Descriptive, prospective, analytical study. Setting: Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biologic material: Three tara biovarieties and Staphylococcus aureus strains. Interventions: Thirty-one S. aureus oxacillin-sensitive strains and 29 oxacillin-resistant strains isolated from clinical samples were studied against three tara varieties obtained in Huamanga, Huarochiri and Tarma. Tara’s poaching was prepared and blank discs were soaked in to use as antibiogram by disc difussion. Main outcome measures: Inhibition halos diameter. Results: All three poachings showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains; Huamanga’s poachi...

Objetivos: Investigar la presencia del hongo levaduriforme Cryptococcus neoformans en heces de palomas domésticas (Columba livia). Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en la ciudad de Lima-Perú. Se recolectaron 300 muestras de heces encontradas en los suelos de parques y hospitales. Además se tomó 30 muestras de las cloacas de algunas palomas capturadas. Resultados: Se aisló el hongo en 47 muestras de las que 7 correspondieron al Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans pero no se aisló el hongo en cloaca. Las 7 cepas aisladas tuvieron 100% de sensibilidad frente a Anfotericin B, Nistatina y Clotrimazol; además presentaron 100% de resistencia a Fluconazol e Itraconazol y 57% de resistencia a Ketoconazol. Conclusiones: Cryptococcus neoformans se encuentra presente en heces de palomas en Lima Metropolitana.

Se describe las características microbiológicas y anatomopatológicas de una serie de pacientes con bronquiectasias sangrantes que fueron negativos a tuberculosis, HIV y neoplasias, en estudios preliminares. Se desarrolló una evaluación microbiológica y anatomopatológica en búsqueda de hongos, tuberculosis, gérmenes comunes y neoplasia pulmonar, sobre 24 piezas operatorias de pacientes con hemoptisis por bronquiectasias sangrantes con antecedente de tuberculosis pulmonar o de contacto con personas que padecían esa enfermedad. El hongo Aspergillus es el principal y único agente infeccioso presente en los pacientes con bronquiectasia sangrante en este estudio.