Objetivos: Comprobar la actividad antimicrobiana de tres biovariedades de tara frente a cepas de Staphylococcus aureus sensibles y resistentes a oxacilina. Diseño: Es un estudio descriptivo prospectivo analítico. institución: Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrión, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Material biológico: Se evaluó 31 cepas S. aureus oxacilina sensibles y 29 resistentes, aisladas de muestras clínicas, frente a tres cocimientos de tara de las zonas de Huamanga, Huarochirí y Tarma. Intervenciones: Se preparó el cocimiento de tara y se impregnó discos en blanco para utilizarlos como un antibiograma por disco difusión. Principales medidas de resultados: Diámetro de los halos de inhibición. Resultados: Los tres cocimientos presentaron actividad antimicrobiana frente a las cepas de Staphylococcus aureus; el cocimiento de Huamanga tuvo mayor halo de inhibición fr...

Objetivos: Determinar los serogrupos de Shigella como agentes etiológicos de diarrea. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, analítico. Institución: Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrión, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Participantes: Aislamientos de Shigella sp en coprocultivos. Intervenciones: Se revisó los aislamientos de Shigella sp en coprocultivos, durante los años 2010 y 2011, en la base de datos WHONET 5,6 del hospital, tanto de pacientes adultos como pediátricos, ambulatorios, hospitalizados y atendidos en emergencia. También se hizo su distribución por serogrupos. Principales medidas de resultados: Frecuencia absoluta y frecuencia relativa, por años 2010 y 2011. Resultados: En el año 2010 se aisló 64 Shigellas sp; 41 correspondieron a serogrupo flexneri (64,1%) y 20 a serogrupo sonnei (31,3%). En el año 2011, se aisló 90 Shigellas sp; 36 correspondie...

Objectives: To determine three tara’s biovarieties antimicrobial activity against oxacillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Design: Descriptive, prospective, analytical study. Setting: Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biologic material: Three tara biovarieties and Staphylococcus aureus strains. Interventions: Thirty-one S. aureus oxacillin-sensitive strains and 29 oxacillin-resistant strains isolated from clinical samples were studied against three tara varieties obtained in Huamanga, Huarochiri and Tarma. Tara’s poaching was prepared and blank discs were soaked in to use as antibiogram by disc difussion. Main outcome measures: Inhibition halos diameter. Results: All three poachings showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains; Huamanga’s poachi...

Objectives: To determine Shigella serogroups as diarrhea etiological agents. Design: Descriptive, retrospective, analytical study. Settomg: Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru, and Hospital Nacional Daniel A. Carrion, Callao, Peru. Biologic material: Shigella sp. isolates in coprocultures. Interventions: Shigella sp. isolates in coprocultures of outpatient, hospitalized and emergency adult and pediatric patients attended during years 2010 and 2011were reviewed at the hospital WHONET 5.6 database. Shigella were distributed by serogroups. Main outcome measures: Absolute and relative frequency of Shigella sp. Results: Sisty-four Shigellas sp were isolated in 2010; 41 corresponded to flexneri serogroup (64.1%) and 20 to sonnei serogroup (31.3%). Ninety Shigellas sp. were isolated in 2011; 36 corresponded to flexneri serogroup (40%) and 50 to s...

Los jugos de frutas ácidas y algunas plantas podrían tener una acción bactericida sobre las bacterias enteropatógenas. Con el fin de establecer estas posibles acciones in vitro, sometimos a la acción de 16 jugos de frutas y cocimientos e infusiones de 8 plantas a cultivos con las siguientes bacterias enteropatógenas: E. coli enterohemorrágica, E. coli enteroinvasiva, E. coli enteropatógena,Salmollella enteritidis, Saltnonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Yersinia entero colitis, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticum y Staphylococcus aureus. Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaetnolyticus y Aeromonas fueron muy susceptibles a los jugos de frutas ácidas. Las otras bacterias los soportaron en forma variable. Entre las plantas, la suspensión de ajo y el cocimiento de tara fueron los que mejor actuaron sobre las bacterias estudiadas.

In the last years, importance of Enterococcus has been increasing because it is now known as causal agent of difficult-to-treat nosocomial infections, mainly due to their antimicrobial resistance. We identified Enterococcus strains using selective media to isolate it, differential assays for strains identification, and standarized disk-diffussion methods to assess antimicrobial susceptibility. Between march and november 1996, 113 strains of Enterococcus were isolated, 65,4% of which come from vaginal discharges, and the remainder from seminal fluid, urine specimens, faringeal secretions, ascitid fluid, sputum, skin wounds samples, prostatic fluid and uretral fluid. E. faecalis give a total of 88,5% of isolates, followed by E. faeccium, E. pseudoavium, E. avium, E. durans y E. raffinosus. Antibiogram analysis using 13 antimicrobial single drugs and another 2 combined with betalactamase-in...

OBJECTIVE: To determine Aeromonas importance as diarrhea agent in children less than 5 year- old and compare its frequency with other enteropathogens. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1998 and 1999 285 fecal samples were taken from children with acute diarrhea in 5 hospitals, which were then sent to “Daniel A. Carrión” Institute of Tropical Medicine in Cary Blair’s transportation medium for processing by Aerokey II method. RESULTS: Aeromonas was the most frequent bacteria isolated among enteropathogens, mainly in children less than 2-year old and in summer, and Aeromonas caviae was the most frequent species. Aeromonas was mainly isolated in agar TCBS, employing O/129 disks to differentiate it from Vibrio cholerae. All Aeromonas were sensitive in vitro to furazolidone and neomycin. CONCLUSIONS: Aeromonas was the main etiological agent of aquous acute diarrhea in children less than 5 year...

Objetivos: Determinar la efectividad antibacteriana de diez plantas medicinales frente a Streptococcus pneumoniae. Diseño: Estudio experimental Institución: Instituto de Medicina Tropical, UNMSM. Material biológico: Aislamientos bacterianos de Streptococcus pneumoniae, plantas medicinales. Intervenciones: Los extractos de 10 plantas medicinales fueron puestos en contacto in vitro mediante el método de disco difusión con 10 cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae. Principales medidas de resultados: Actividad de las plantas medicinales sobre las cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae. Resultados: Almendro y Bellaco caspi fueron las únicas plantas que dieron pequeño halo de inhibición con algunas cepas; con almendro se inhibió 2 cepas y con Bellaco caspi se inhibió 7 cepas y 3 resultaron resistentes. Estos resultados no tuvieron relación con el serotipo del neumococo ni con los antibiótico...

Introduction: There are numerous Chachapoyas patients with acute pharyngoamigdalitis and clinical non suppurative complications caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Design: Transversal study. Setting: Hospital I Higos Urco, EsSalud, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, and Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrion, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Participants: Patients with acute pharyngoamigdalitis. Interventions: One hundred and forty-eight randomized outpatient subjects attending an ear, nose and throat office for clinical symptoms compatible with acute pharyngoamigdalitis had a sample of pharynx and tonsils taken with a cotton swab and sent in Amies with carbon medium (Difco) to the Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrion to be processed. Main outcome measures: Presence of beta hemolytic Streptococcus and other bacteriae. Results: Positive cultures revealed mainly Enterobact...

Introducción: En Chachapoyas hay numerosos pacientes con faringoamigdalitis aguda y cuadros clínicos con las complicaciones no supurativas que causa el Streptococcus pyogenes. Diseño: Estudio transversal. Lugar: Hospital I Higos Urco, EsSalud, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, e Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrión, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Participantes: Pacientes con faringoamigdalitis aguda. Intervenciones: A 148 pacientes, seleccionados aleatoriamente, que acudieron al consultorio externo de otorrinolaringología por presentar cuadros clínicos compatibles con faringoamigdalitis aguda, se les tomó muestras de secreción faringoamigdaliana con hisopos y, usando el medio de transporte Amies con carbón (Difco), fueron enviados al Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel A. Carrión, en donde fueron procesados. Principales medidas de resultados: Presencia de Streptoc...

Objective: To identify Malassezia species in healthy skin seborrhea areas in Lima inhabitants. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Daniel Alcides Carrion Tropical Medicine Institute, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Participants: Asymptomatic persons. Interventions: Skin samples were collected from 129 asymptomatic residents of several districts of Lima city using Mariat and Adan-Campos’ technique. Malassezia isolation was performed in modified Dixon medium and incubated at 32° C for 7 days. Colonies were identified by macro and micro morphological characteristics and typing was determined by biochemical and physiological properties using Guillot’s technique. Main outcome measures: Malassezia species, participants’ gender, age and anatomical region. Results: Malassezia spp was isolated in 43.4% of the residents, 49.2% in men and 37.5% in women. From variou...