1
objeto de conferencia
Publicado 2019
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La pirazinamida (PZA) es un profármaco utilizado en el tratamiento de la tuberculosis (TB). La pirazinamidasa (pncA) convierte a PZA en ácido pirazinoico (POA). La resistencia a PZA (PZAr) está presente en la mitad de las cepas resistentes a fármacos; sin embargo, PZAr no se prueba rutinariamente debido a la baja confiabilidad de las pruebas de susceptibilidad. El test de Wayne detecta POA como marcador de susceptibilidad PZA. Nos propusimos identificar PZAr cuantificando POA en sobrenadantes de cultivo de esputo mediante el uso de una prueba de Wayne cuantitativa directa.
2
objeto de conferencia
Publicado 2017
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The aim of this work is to design, implement and validate a primary communication system based on a brain-computer interface. There are people who-for various reasons-are affected in their ability to externalize their communication, however, they receive and process information from different sources. This system would allow basic communication-allowing the user to answer closed questions-through thought. The system was implemented by analyzing and interpreting electrical signals from brain activity, collected through electrodes attached to the scalp. The analog electrical signals were received by a data acquisition system and digitized for computer analysis. We implemented different signal processing techniques, pattern analysis, and classification and discrimination methods. By analyzing these signals and interpreting the electrical patterns, was achieved understand answers to simple q...
3
artículo
Publicado 2022
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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Despite being considered curable and preventable, the increase of antibiotic resistance is becoming a serious public health problem. Mtb is a pathogen capable of surviving in macrophages, causing long-Term latent infection where the mycobacterial serine/threonine protein kinase G (PknG) plays a protective role. Therefore, PknG is an important inhibitory target to prevent Mtb from entering the latency stage. In this study, we use a pharmacophore-based virtual screening and biochemical assays to identify the compound RO9021 (CHEMBL3237561) as a PknG inhibitor. In detail, 1.5 million molecules were screened using a scalable cloud-based setup, identifying 689 candidates, which were further subjected to additional screening employing molecular docking. Molecular docking spotted 62 compounds with estimated b...
4
artículo
Publicado 2016
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Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by a deficit in social integration, language development, and restricted interests. ASD is defined as a prevalence development life disability. However, children who are early diagnosed and intervention improve long-term prognosis. This project proposes to detect autism in children at a first level (preclinical stage) using a tool "eye tracking" highly cost-effective and embedded in a tablet. The results obtained with this system have been compared with the outcomes of the Modified Autism in Children M-CHAT questionnaire.
5
artículo
Publicado 2024
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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significantglobal health challenge, exacerbated by the emergence of drug-resistant strains, such as those resistant to pyrazinamide (PZA). The current scarcity of affordableand precise quantitative diagnostic tests for PZA resistance underscores the urgent need for more accessible diagnostic tools. We evaluated PZA susceptibility in 264 TB-positive samples by quantifying pyrazinoic acid (POA) production, using both the MODS-Wayne qualitative assay and our newly developed quantitative approach (MODS-WQ). The MODS-WQ was assessed in 7H9 medium (MODS-WQ7H9) or citrate buffer(MODS-WQCB), with POA levels measured via spectrophotometry against a calibration curve. PZA susceptibility determinations were based on a composite reference standard. Associations between POA levels and pyrazinamidase mutations were explored. The composite standard detected PZA resistance in...
6
artículo
Publicado 2022
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Most culture-based methods for tuberculosis diagnosis remain low-cost options for low- and mid-income countries. The MODS culture is a rapid and low-cost assay to diagnose tuberculosis and determine drug susceptibility. However, its implementation is limited due to the low accessibility to supplies required for the enriched medium. In this study, we evaluate two alternative culture media: A powder-based mixed (PM) and a lyophilized media (LM). Catalase, PANTA, and gamma irradiation were evaluated as additions to PM and LM. The culture performance of the alternative media was compared with the standard MODS medium (MM) using Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and positive acid-fast smear sputum samples. Overall, no significant difference was observed in the bacterial growth between PM and LM with MM. However, PANTA and gamma irradiation combined reduced bacterial growth significantly in ...
7
artículo
Publicado 2022
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La mayoría de los métodos basados en cultivos para el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis siguen siendo opciones de bajo costo para los países de ingresos bajos y medianos. El cultivo MODS es un ensayo rápido y de bajo costo para diagnosticar la tuberculosis y determinar la susceptibilidad a los medicamentos. Sin embargo, su implementación está limitada debido a la baja accesibilidad a los suministros requeridos para el medio enriquecido. En este estudio, evaluamos dos medios de cultivo alternativos: un medio mixto en polvo (PM) y un medio liofilizado (LM). Se evaluaron la catalasa, el PANTA y la irradiación gamma como adiciones a los medios PM y LM. El rendimiento del cultivo de los medios alternativos se comparó con el medio MODS estándar (MM) utilizando aislados de Mycobacterium tuberculosis y muestras de esputo con baciloscopía positiva. En general, no se observó una diferenci...
8
artículo
Publicado 2022
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Tuberculosis phenotypic detection assays are commonly used in low-resource countries. Therefore, reliable detection methods are crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. The microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS) assay is a culture-based test to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and characterize drug resistance in 7–10 days directly from sputum. The use of MODS is limited by the availability of supplies necessary for preparing the enriched culture. In this study, we evaluated three dry culture media that are easier to produce and cheaper than the standard one used in MODS [1]: an unsterilized powder-based mixed (Boldú et al., 2007) [2], a sterile-lyophilized medium, and (Sengstake et al., 2017) [3] an irradiated powder-based mixed. Mycobacterial growth and drug susceptibility were evaluated for rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide (PZA). The alternative cultures were eva...
9
artículo
Publicado 2022
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Los ensayos fenotípicos de detección de tuberculosis son comúnmente utilizados en países con bajos recursos. Por lo tanto, los métodos de detección confiables son cruciales para el diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano. El ensayo de susceptibilidad a los fármacos por observación microscópica (MODS) es una prueba basada en cultivo para detectar Mycobacterium tuberculosis y caracterizar la resistencia a los medicamentos en 7-10 días directamente a partir del esputo. El uso de MODS está limitado por la disponibilidad de suministros necesarios para preparar el cultivo enriquecido. En este estudio, evaluamos tres medios de cultivo secos que son más fáciles de producir y más baratos que el estándar utilizado en MODS [1]: una mezcla en polvo no esterilizada (Boldú et al., 2007) [2], un medio estéril liofilizado y (Sengstake et al., 2017) [3] una mezcla en polvo irradiada. Se eval...
10
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Pyrazinamide (PZA) is an antibiotic used in first- and second-line tuberculosis treatment regimens. Approximately 50% of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and over 90% of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis strains are also PZA resistant. Despite the key role played by PZA, its mechanisms of action are not yet fully understood. It has been postulated that pyrazinoic acid (POA), the hydrolyzed product of PZA, could inhibit trans-translation by binding to Ribosomal protein S1 (RpsA) and competing with tmRNA, the natural cofactor of RpsA. Subsequent data, however, indicate that these early findings resulted from experimental artifact. Hence, in this study we assess the capacity of POA to compete with tmRNA for RpsA. We evaluated RpsA wild type (WT), RpsA A438, and RpsA A438 variants with truncations towards the carboxy terminal end. Interactions were measured using Nuclear Magnetic Reson...
11
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Background Pyrazinamide is an important drug against the latent stage of tuberculosis and is used in both first- and second-line treatment regimens. Pyrazinamide-susceptibility test usually takes a week to have a diagnosis to guide initial therapy, implying a delay in receiving appropriate therapy. The continued increase in multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and the prevalence of pyrazinamide resistance in several countries makes the development of assays for prompt identification of resistance necessary. The main cause of pyrazinamide resistance is the impairment of pyrazinamidase function attributed to mutations in the promoter and/or pncA coding gene. However, not all pncA mutations necessarily affect the pyrazinamidase function. Objective To develop a methodology to predict pyrazinamidase function from detected mutations in the pncA gene. Methods We measured the catalytic constant (k(...
12
artículo
Publicado 2021
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Eight new phenylisoxazole isoniazid derivatives, 3-(2'-fluorophenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (1), 3-(2'-methoxyphenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (2), 3-(2'-chlorophenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (3), 3-(3'-clorophenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (4), 3-(4'-bromophenyl)isoxazole-5-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (5), 5-(4'-methoxiphenyl)isoxazole-3-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (6), 5-(4'-methylphenyl)isoxazole-3-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (7), and 5-(4'-clorophenyl)isoxazole-3-carbaldehyde isonicotinylhydrazone (8), have been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectral data. The 2D NMR (1H-1H NOESY) analysis of 1 and 2 confirmed that these compounds in acetone-d6 are in the trans(E) isomeric form. This evidence is supported by computational calculations which w...
13
artículo
Introduction: Cough is a key symptom of tuberculosis (TB) as well as the main cause of transmission. However, a recent literature review found that cough frequency (number of coughs per hour) in patients with TB has only been studied once, in 1969. The main aim of this study is to describe cough frequency patterns before and after the start of TB treatment and to determine baseline factors that affect cough frequency in these patients. Secondarily, we will evaluate the correlation between cough frequency and TB microbiological resolution. Methods: This study will select participants with culture confirmed TB from 2 tertiary hospitals in Lima, Peru. We estimated that a sample size of 107 patients was sufficient to detect clinically significant changes in cough frequency. Participants will initially be evaluated through questionnaires, radiology, microscopic observation drug susceptibility...
14
Publicado 2022
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Within the framework of the current COVID-19 pandemic, there is a race against time to find therapies for the outbreak to be controlled. Since vaccines are still tedious to develop and partially available for low-income countries, passive immunity based on egg-yolk antibodies (IgY) is presented as a suitable approach to preclude potential death of infected patients, based on its high specificity/avidity/production yield, cost-effective manufacture, and ease of administration. In the present study, IgY antibodies against a recombinant RBD protein of SARS-CoV-2 were produced in specific-pathogen-free chickens and purified from eggs using a biocompatible method. In vitro immunoreactivity was tested, finding high recognition and neutralization values. Safety was also demonstrated prior to efficacy evaluation, in which body weight, kinematics, and histopathological assessments of hamsters cha...
15
artículo
Publicado 2021
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
