The aim of this work is to design, implement and validate a primary communication system based on a brain-computer interface. There are people who-for various reasons-are affected in their ability to externalize their communication, however, they receive and process information from different sources. This system would allow basic communication-allowing the user to answer closed questions-through thought. The system was implemented by analyzing and interpreting electrical signals from brain activity, collected through electrodes attached to the scalp. The analog electrical signals were received by a data acquisition system and digitized for computer analysis. We implemented different signal processing techniques, pattern analysis, and classification and discrimination methods. By analyzing these signals and interpreting the electrical patterns, was achieved understand answers to simple q...

Crew 138 was comprised of a team of highly-skilled professionals with varied backgrounds who were selected by the Mars Society to undertake a two-week interdisciplinary expedition at the Mars Desert Research Station near Hanksville, Utah. The Crew's activities ranged in scope from preparing operational handbooks and checklists for the Mars Desert Research Station, performing hardware and logistical evaluations for future research at MDRS, an analysis of Google Earth as a tool for geological field mapping, evaluations of commercial-off-The-shelf engineering and electrical components, the design of a Mars EVA work day functional task battery, and assessing the viability for incorporating an exercise countermeasures hardware and program into the Mars Desert Research Station.

In recent years, Peru is trying to venture into the space age. Different universities as The Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru (PUCP), Universidad Alas Peruanas (UAP), and the Universidad Nacional de Ingenieria (UNI); they designed the first Peruvian nanosatelites. These nanosatelites were CubeSats; it is a cubic shape and measures 10× 10 × 10 cm with a mass of 1 kg approximately. In other hand, Peru signed a contract for the purchase of a remote sensing satellite that will be launched into orbit in July 2016. Also, there are Peruvian professionals and students participating in different missions for simulating Mars exploration.

The development of nanosatellite has increased in recent years, especially from universities and space agencies of developing countries. This increase is mainly due to reduced costs - compared to standard space missions - of the implementation of nanosatellites missions. Despite the cost reduction on a nanosatellite mission, although it's hard to implement a mission of this dimension for universities in developing countries. This difficulty is mainly due to low economic resources, the poor organization of research groups, the rapid stage of students who after graduation are not longer interested in unfinished projects. By the above reasons, in this paper, we present the proposal to form the INCA Team for its acronym in Spanish 'Investigacion en Ciencias Aeroespaciales' (research on Aerospace Sciences), and also the name of the team refers to one of the most important cultures of Peru. Wi...

Satellite images give a very helpful information in different fields such as environmental monitoring, disaster management, security and defense, mapping, marine monitoring, agriculture and many other applications. Currently, there are several platforms providing the service to search, share, and manage satellite images. Typically, satellite images on these platforms are divided into patches, and each patch has different labels representing their content, these labels could be: 'water', 'forest', 'urban', among others. Each of these labels has a particular priority according to their predominance in the patch of the satellite image they represent. With the described above paradigm, users must use the priority order of labels established in the database. However, each user is different, and everyone seeks and applies satellite images according to their needs, so the priorities are differe...

The ability to develop aerospace technology can also represent in a certain way the technological capacity, the level of development, and the economic capability of a country. The aerospace development requires enormous technical abilities and a significant financial investment. In this sense, it is often necessary to work cooperatively to develop large space missions. For this reason, in the present work, one proposes the creation of a South American Space Agency - SPAACE (South American Program and Aerospace Agency for Cooperation and Exploration). The idea was born as a conclusion of the panel discussions developed during the Aerospace Bolivian Conference - ABC 2014 and ABC 2016. It is hoped that this proposal can become a reality thanks to the initiative of different researchers involved in the topic.

Early in the year, Peru suffered from heavy rains mainly due to the El Niño and La Niña phenomena. As a result of these heavy rains, several cities were affected by floods and landslides. One of the most affected cities was Chosica. On the other hand, the satellite images have many applications, one of them is the aid for a better management of the natural disasters (post-disaster management). In this sense, in the present work, one proposes the use of radar satellite images to make an analysis of the most-affected areas by landslides in the city of Chosica. The results show a significant number of places flooded according to satellite images of March 2017. The satellite images used were from the Sentinel 1 satellite belonging to the European Union.

At the beginning of the year 2017, different regions of Peru suffered from heavy rains mainly due to the 'El Niño' and 'La Niña' phenomena. As a result of these massive storms, several cities were affected by overflows and landslides. Chosica and Piura were the most affected cities. On the other hand, the satellite images have many applications, one of them is the aid for the better management of the natural disasters (post-disaster management). In this sense, the present work proposes the use of radar satellite images from Sentinel constellation to make an analysis of the most-affected areas by floods in the cities of Chosica and Piura. The applied methodology is to analyse and compare two images (one before and one after the disaster) to identify the affected areas based on differences between both images. The analysing process includes radiometric calibration, speckle filtering, ter...

The increased volume of data in this digital age is enormous, the task of analyzing, processing, identifying and classify them for to have a good data mining system where we can index the information contained regardless the amount and data type, it is no easy task. That is the reason for it is becoming more necessary to develop more effective methods to facilitate these tasks automatically. This paper presents an overview of different works performed throughout the world that use data compression techniques as a basis for developing a classification method, these techniques are based on Kolmogorov Complexity and use this complexity for implement a similarity metrics between data. The main contribution of these methods is, no need a feature extraction process for classification, which makes it a parameter-free method, so it can be applied to any type of data, whether text, images, audio,...

Biodiversity is an issue that is now the focus of many social debates linked to the man-environment interaction and its direct impact on environmental management. In that sense, aerospace technology plays an important role. This article presents a general review of environmental factors to be taken into account and should be monitored for take the better decision in the interest of preserving our ecosystem. We also discuss how the aerospace technology through different satellites, help effectively and almost in real time with this difficult task.

A specific field of image processing focuses on the evaluation of image quality and assessment of their authenticity. A loss of image quality may be due to the various processes by which it passes. In assessing the authenticity of the image we detect forgeries, detection of hidden messages, etc. In this work, we present an overview of these areas; these areas have in common the need to develop theories and techniques to detect changes in the image that it is not detectable of visual way. Most of these methods use mutual information as a basis for image analysis. The satellite images are affected by artifacts, the artifact has a very similar characteristics to those mentioned above, an artifact is a disorder that almost cannot visually observe.

Sleepiness could cause different accidents at work and in our daily lives. Activities such as driving a car, handling heavy machinery, being in charge of controlling a satellite or monitoring a nuclear plant, are activities that require short visual and motor reaction times. These reactions could be affected by sleepiness. The highest number of these accidents is related to vehicular accidents. WHO statistics show that 1.2 million people worldwide die every year due to road crashes, 50 million people are injured, and more than 3,000 people die daily from road traffic injuries. The primary objective of the present work is to develop a tool based on techniques of artificial intelligence and image processing that can detect states of sleepiness in people whose work needs the greatest attention-to avoid accidents. The idea is to develop an algorithm that can be executed on a computer and thr...

Today, thanks to the miniaturization of various electronic systems, one was developing small crafts called nano-satellite, which can be launched into space and complete the basic functions of a standard size satellite. During some years, it has been observed that the popularity of nano-satellites has grown considerably. Already several countries and institutions have developed and currently are developing nano-satellites with different primary objectives, but with one purpose: access to space. Given this emerging technology, there are some questions that still open: Does serve a nano-satellite? Is it functional? What is its primary contribution? Most of the nano-satellites have a purely educational purpose since its development is looking to venture into the research and application of aerospace technologies, establishing the basis for implementing major projects in the future. On the ot...

With the recent growth of development in the area of aerospace technology and the new possibilities of starting a small-scale space mission; countries without access to space before, have leapt to the aerospace era and now have access to space in many ways. For example, by carrying out various individual projects or by establishing agreements with other nations, including public or private investment. In that sense, South America, having a significant economic growth in recent times, has become a potential for any company that wants to promote the aerospace technological development in the region. But for this, it is necessary to take into account the implementation of a proper market research and good planning of a strategy to target the problem solving and innovation that Latin American countries need. As will be shown later in this research study, the data indicate that in recent year...

There is now a considerable increase on the part of universities in the incursion into the development of nanosatellite missions. In the aerospace sector, almost every operation is full of risks and big investments of time and money, and to locate a nanosatellite in orbit, even smaller, is not the exception. Therefore, it is imperative to know if the nanosatellite will be prepared to surpass any critical moment. The rockets or launchers in which the nanosatellites are placed for going to space, produce strong vibrations that can affect the nanosatellite. The primary objective of this work is to design a vibration test equipment that will help determine the resistance of a nanosatellite against the sudden movements that can be experienced within the space launcher. And for that, what is wanted, is that this equipment can generate the vibrations and recreate them as equal as they are in an...

Aerospace development for a country represents their technological level, development capacity, and their sovereignty. The development of the aerospace industry brings technology that the society use in the daily lives. The technology initially developed to explore the universe is the same that today we use in our daily lives. Today we can see that the South American countries, including Bolivia, are showing strong economic growth, and this leads to a higher rate of development and increased investment in new technologies. For example in recent years, it has seen as many governments in South America, have decided to invest in space systems. These space systems have different applications, among them we can mention, remote sensing technology for disaster management, urban planning improvement, environmental assessment, telecommunications systems. In the space technology field, Bolivia is ...

Presentado en el XXII Congreso Internacional de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, Telecomunicaciones y Computación – INTERCON 2015, Ciudad de Huancayo del 03 al 07 de agosto.

Bolivia is a country with a high risk of suffering a wide variety of natural disasters, such as forest fires, droughts, floods, earthquakes, and landslides; which may cause life losses, health impacts, property damage, and services, social and economic disruption in the country. The consequences of a natural disaster usually hinder access to the disaster area to assess the current situation and make a correct decision. It is for this reason that satellite images are a valuable tool to have complete access to the area of the disaster because we can have a full coverage and a greater facility to assess the situation and mobilize the necessary help and assistance. Due to climate change and human activities, droughts have been occurring in some regions of our planet, making access to water resources difficult for human consumption, animals and agricultural activities. In 2016, for example, B...

In the present project it is focused on patients Amotrophy Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), so these patients do not have control of their motor functions therefore are unable to move on their own, requiring third party assistance to move with his wheelchair. Patients of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis do not lose their cognitive ability, which is why you can use it to control his wheelchair as part of a computer chandler system using Cyton board of open BCI brain signals is extracted and with the help of deep learning classification of signals, so the patient can move their own means be held. In this project it was possible to perform communication computer brain, in addition to the proper functioning of the system, in addition it was possible to implement a security system that protects the patient against accidents, so the patient is safer to move; whole system gives the patient, partial indepe...

Currently in Peru, patients with degenerative diseases, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) have lost of communication ability. Many researchers' papers that establish basic communication system for these patients. It is also essential to know their feelings or state of mind through their emotions, in this study, we present an analysis of electroencephalographic signals (EEG) applied to emotions such as fear, tenderness, happiness and surprised; it was used linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to get the identification and classification of the 4 emotions with a success rate of 63.36% on average.