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patente
Las realizaciones de la presente invención proporcionan compuestos (tales como compuestos de Fórmula (I), compuestos de Fórmula (II) y diversas realizaciones de los mismos). También se proporcionan composiciones que comprenden esos compuestos. Se incluyen métodos para su preparación. Además, se incluyen usos de los compuestos, tales como la administración y el tratamiento de enfermedades (p. ej., cáncer e infecciones).
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patente
Las realizaciones de la presente invención proporcionan compuestos (tales como compuestos de Fórmula (I), compuestos de Fórmula (II) y diversas realizaciones de los mismos). También se proporcionan composiciones que comprenden esos compuestos. Se incluyen métodos para su preparación. Además, se incluyen usos de los compuestos, como la administración y el tratamiento de enfermedades (p. ej., cáncer e infecciones). Existe la necesidad de encontrar fármacos para proporcionar ayuda (como tratamiento o cura) a animales enfermos que tengan uno o más efectos positivos, como actividad anticancerígena, antiinflamatoria, inmunomoduladora, antibacteriana, inmunosupresora y antiprotozoaria. incluyendo, por ejemplo, actividad tripanocida, leishmanicida y antipalúdica. Por ejemplo, la enfermedad de Chagas o tripanosomiasis americana, causada por el parásito protozoario flagelado Trypanos...
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Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by a deficit in social integration, language development, and restricted interests. ASD is defined as a prevalence development life disability. However, children who are early diagnosed and intervention improve long-term prognosis. This project proposes to detect autism in children at a first level (preclinical stage) using a tool "eye tracking" highly cost-effective and embedded in a tablet. The results obtained with this system have been compared with the outcomes of the Modified Autism in Children M-CHAT questionnaire.
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objeto de conferencia
El uso extendido y poco regulado del uso de antibióticos en la producción animal en países en vías de desarrollo está asociado con la emergencia y diseminación de genes de resistencia antibiótica (ARG) en la producción animal. Se recolectaron aislados de Escherichia coli de pollos y humanos con diferentes niveles de exposición en una comunidad de bajos ingresos en las afueras del sur de Lima, Perú. Se tomaron hisopados cloacales de pollos criados de forma convencional (n = 41) y orgánicos (n = 20), así como de heces de vendedores de pollos del mercado (n = 23), adultos no vendedores (n = 48) y bebés (n = 60). Se identificaron 315 aislados de E. coli de humanos (n = 150) y pollos (n = 165), y los pollos mostraron las tasas más altas de multidrogo resistencia (63%, 104/165) y producción de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) (30.9%, 51/165). Los aislados de pollos cr...
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This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) 5D43TW009349–03 “Inter-American Training for Innovations in Emerging Infectious Diseases” (to GOL). F. S. was supported by FONDECYT-CONCYTEC (grant contract number 246–2015-FONDECYT), and the UJMT Fogarty Global Health Fellows Consortium comprising Johns Hopkins University, the University of North Carolina, Morehouse University, and Tulane University (NIH Research Training Grant # D43 TW009340 funded by the NIH Fogarty International Center, NINDS, NIMH, NHBLI and NIEHS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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Most culture-based methods for tuberculosis diagnosis remain low-cost options for low- and mid-income countries. The MODS culture is a rapid and low-cost assay to diagnose tuberculosis and determine drug susceptibility. However, its implementation is limited due to the low accessibility to supplies required for the enriched medium. In this study, we evaluate two alternative culture media: A powder-based mixed (PM) and a lyophilized media (LM). Catalase, PANTA, and gamma irradiation were evaluated as additions to PM and LM. The culture performance of the alternative media was compared with the standard MODS medium (MM) using Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and positive acid-fast smear sputum samples. Overall, no significant difference was observed in the bacterial growth between PM and LM with MM. However, PANTA and gamma irradiation combined reduced bacterial growth significantly in ...
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La mayoría de los métodos basados en cultivos para el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis siguen siendo opciones de bajo costo para los países de ingresos bajos y medianos. El cultivo MODS es un ensayo rápido y de bajo costo para diagnosticar la tuberculosis y determinar la susceptibilidad a los medicamentos. Sin embargo, su implementación está limitada debido a la baja accesibilidad a los suministros requeridos para el medio enriquecido. En este estudio, evaluamos dos medios de cultivo alternativos: un medio mixto en polvo (PM) y un medio liofilizado (LM). Se evaluaron la catalasa, el PANTA y la irradiación gamma como adiciones a los medios PM y LM. El rendimiento del cultivo de los medios alternativos se comparó con el medio MODS estándar (MM) utilizando aislados de Mycobacterium tuberculosis y muestras de esputo con baciloscopía positiva. En general, no se observó una diferenci...
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Introduction Whilst the relationship between lipids and cardiovascular mortality has been well studied and appears to be controversial, very little has been explored in the context of rural-to-urban migration in low-resource settings. Objective Determine the profile and related factors for HDL-c patterns (isolated and non-isolated low HDL-c) in three population-based groups according to their migration status, and determine the effect of HDL-c patterns on the rates of cardiovascular outcomes (i.e. non-fatal stroke and non-fatal myocardial infarction) and mortality. Methods Cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal data from the PERU MIGRANT study, designed to assess the effect of migration on cardiovascular risk profiles and mortality in Peru. Two different analyses were performed: first, we estimated prevalence and associated factors with isolated and non-isolated low HDL-c at baseline. S...
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Estudio para comprobar que la eficacia del tratamiento antiparasitario para cisticercosis con albendazole (ABZ) o praziquantel (PZQ) no es óptimo. Se demuestra que la combinación de estas dos drogas mejora la eficacia antiparasitaria.
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Tuberculosis phenotypic detection assays are commonly used in low-resource countries. Therefore, reliable detection methods are crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. The microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS) assay is a culture-based test to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and characterize drug resistance in 7–10 days directly from sputum. The use of MODS is limited by the availability of supplies necessary for preparing the enriched culture. In this study, we evaluated three dry culture media that are easier to produce and cheaper than the standard one used in MODS [1]: an unsterilized powder-based mixed (Boldú et al., 2007) [2], a sterile-lyophilized medium, and (Sengstake et al., 2017) [3] an irradiated powder-based mixed. Mycobacterial growth and drug susceptibility were evaluated for rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide (PZA). The alternative cultures were eva...
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Background The long-term impact of elevated blood pressure on mortality outcomes has been recently revisited due to proposed changes in cut-offs for hypertension. This study aimed at assessing the association between high blood pressure levels and 10-year mortality using the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC-7) and the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2017 blood pressure guidelines. Methods Data of the PERU MIGRANT Study, a prospective ongoing cohort, was used. The outcome of interest was 10-year all-cause mortality, and exposures were blood pressure categories according to the JNC-7 and ACC/AHA 2017 guidelines. Log-rank test, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models were used to assess the associations of interest controlling for confounders. Hazard ratio...
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Los ensayos fenotípicos de detección de tuberculosis son comúnmente utilizados en países con bajos recursos. Por lo tanto, los métodos de detección confiables son cruciales para el diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano. El ensayo de susceptibilidad a los fármacos por observación microscópica (MODS) es una prueba basada en cultivo para detectar Mycobacterium tuberculosis y caracterizar la resistencia a los medicamentos en 7-10 días directamente a partir del esputo. El uso de MODS está limitado por la disponibilidad de suministros necesarios para preparar el cultivo enriquecido. En este estudio, evaluamos tres medios de cultivo secos que son más fáciles de producir y más baratos que el estándar utilizado en MODS [1]: una mezcla en polvo no esterilizada (Boldú et al., 2007) [2], un medio estéril liofilizado y (Sengstake et al., 2017) [3] una mezcla en polvo irradiada. Se eval...
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Estudio de cohorte prospectivo con un sub estudio de control de caso anidado, destinado a evaluar la incidencia de recaídas de convulsiones y su asociación con edema perilesional en pacientes con cisticercosis calcificada. Se incluyeron 17 pacientes de 65 años, atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, en Lima, Perú, con Neurocisticercosis y una historia de convulsiones y dolores de cabeza severos recurrentes dentro de los 10 años previos.
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Background Pyrazinamide is an important drug against the latent stage of tuberculosis and is used in both first- and second-line treatment regimens. Pyrazinamide-susceptibility test usually takes a week to have a diagnosis to guide initial therapy, implying a delay in receiving appropriate therapy. The continued increase in multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and the prevalence of pyrazinamide resistance in several countries makes the development of assays for prompt identification of resistance necessary. The main cause of pyrazinamide resistance is the impairment of pyrazinamidase function attributed to mutations in the promoter and/or pncA coding gene. However, not all pncA mutations necessarily affect the pyrazinamidase function. Objective To develop a methodology to predict pyrazinamidase function from detected mutations in the pncA gene. Methods We measured the catalytic constant (k(...
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Background. The enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) assay is the reference serological test for neurocysticercosis (NCC). A positive result on EITB does not always correlate with the presence of active infections in the central nervous system (CNS), and patients with a single viable brain cyst may be EITB negative. Nonetheless, EITB antibody banding patterns appears to be related with the expression of 3 protein families of Taenia solium, and in turn with the characteristics of NCC in the CNS (type, stage, and burden of viable cysts). Methods. We evaluated EITB antibody banding patterns and brain imaging findings of 548 NCC cases. Similar banding patterns were grouped into homogeneous classes using latent class analysis. The association between classes and brain imaging findings was assessed. Results. Four classes were identified. Class 1 (patients negative or only positive t...
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OBJETIVO: La terapia de un inhibidor de la bomba de protones más dos antibióticos es el tratamiento más aceptado para la infección por el Helicobacter pylori. Sin embargo, no hay consenso sobre su duración. El objetivo fue comparar los porcentajes de erradicación del esquema de omeprazol+amoxicilina+claritromicina administrados durante 7 vs 10 días. METODOLOGÍA: Seleccionamos pacientes del Hospital Militar Central y Policlínico Peruano-Japonés con síntomas del tracto gastrointestinal superior y Helicobacter pylori. Excluimos aquéllos con úlcera péptica. Para el diagnóstico se tomaron biopsias para la prueba de la ureasa, PCR, cultivo y coloración con plata. Empleamos omeprazol+claritromicina+ amoxicilina, durante 7 días versus 10 días. Realizamos endoscopía control al mes de terminado el tratamiento, y utilizamos técnicas de biología molecular para diferenciar las re...
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Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic brain disease caused by the larval form (Cysticercus cellulosae) of Taenia solium and is the leading cause of preventable epilepsy worldwide. However, the pathophysiology and relation to the wide range of clinical features remains poorly understood. Axonal swelling is emerging as an important early pathological finding in multiple neurodegenerative diseases and as a cause of brain injury, but has not been well described in neurocysticercosis. Histological analysis was performed on human, rat and porcine NCC brain specimens to identify axonal pathology. Rat infection was successfully carried out via two routes of inoculation: direct intracranial injection and oral feeding. Extensive axonal swellings, in the form of spheroids, were observed in both humans and rats and to a lesser extent in pigs with NCC. Spheroids demonstrated increased immunoreactivity to...
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Introduction: Cough is a key symptom of tuberculosis (TB) as well as the main cause of transmission. However, a recent literature review found that cough frequency (number of coughs per hour) in patients with TB has only been studied once, in 1969. The main aim of this study is to describe cough frequency patterns before and after the start of TB treatment and to determine baseline factors that affect cough frequency in these patients. Secondarily, we will evaluate the correlation between cough frequency and TB microbiological resolution. Methods: This study will select participants with culture confirmed TB from 2 tertiary hospitals in Lima, Peru. We estimated that a sample size of 107 patients was sufficient to detect clinically significant changes in cough frequency. Participants will initially be evaluated through questionnaires, radiology, microscopic observation drug susceptibility...
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Western South America was one of the worldwide cradles of civilization. The well-known Inca Empire was the tip of the iceberg of an evolutionary process that started 11,000 to 14,000 years ago. Genetic data from 18 Peruvian populations reveal the following: 1) The between-population homogenization of the central southern Andes and its differentiation with respect to Amazonian populations of similar latitudes do not extend northward. Instead, longitudinal gene flow between the northern coast of Peru, Andes, and Amazonia accompanied cultural and socioeconomic interactions revealed by archeology. This pattern recapitulates the environmental and cultural differentiation between the fertile north, where altitudes are lower, and the arid south, where the Andes are higher, acting as a genetic barrier between the sharply different environments of the Andes and Amazonia. 2) The genetic homogeniza...