The aim of this study was to perform a fungal count and detect mycotoxins in feed supplies and balanced feed from pig farms in four districts of Coronel Portillo, Ucayali. Fifty samples were collected (35 of balances feeds [three rearing stages] from 20 farms and 15 of feed supplies from 10 of these farms). The fungal count was performed using the plate count method and the detection of mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A and zearalenone) using commercial ELISA kits. Results showed that 50% of farms had at least one sample of unacceptable quality. Likewise, 6/15 (40%) and 5/35 (14.3%) of feed supplies and balanced feed samples, respectively, had unacceptable quality. The starter feed had the highest average fungal count (9.6 x 104 CFU/g). There was an association between quality and type of food, but none between quality and origin. Half of the farms had at least one feed sample with ...

Postoperative complications after intestinal anastomosis remain the main concern in abdominal surgery in horses. The aim of this study was to describe an end-to-end jejunal anastomosis with a mesenteric flap covering technique and its macroscopic and postoperative histological characteristics. This technique is based on a reinforcement to the conventional surgery performed with a simple interrupted suture pattern to prevent postoperative complications. Five previously premedicated horses with xylazine 0.5 mg/kg, acepromazine 0.03 mg/kg and tramadol 2 mg/kg were induced to general anesthesia with diazepam 0.25 mg/kg and ketamine 2.2 mg/kg. General anesthesia was maintained with a minimum alveolar concentration of 1.4 ± 0.2% of isoflurane. A midline abdominal wall approach was made. A 10 cm jejunal segment was selected for resection and end-to-end anastomosis. A mesenteric flap large enou...

Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic brain disease caused by the larval form (Cysticercus cellulosae) of Taenia solium and is the leading cause of preventable epilepsy worldwide. However, the pathophysiology and relation to the wide range of clinical features remains poorly understood. Axonal swelling is emerging as an important early pathological finding in multiple neurodegenerative diseases and as a cause of brain injury, but has not been well described in neurocysticercosis. Histological analysis was performed on human, rat and porcine NCC brain specimens to identify axonal pathology. Rat infection was successfully carried out via two routes of inoculation: direct intracranial injection and oral feeding. Extensive axonal swellings, in the form of spheroids, were observed in both humans and rats and to a lesser extent in pigs with NCC. Spheroids demonstrated increased immunoreactivity to...