Estudio para comprobar que la eficacia del tratamiento antiparasitario para cisticercosis con albendazole (ABZ) o praziquantel (PZQ) no es óptimo. Se demuestra que la combinación de estas dos drogas mejora la eficacia antiparasitaria.

Purpose of reviewNeurocysticercosis (NCC) is still a significant contributor to neurological disease in vast regions of the world, and increasingly diagnosed in nonendemic countries because of travel and immigration from endemic settings. There is a need for clinicians in endemic and nonendemic regions to understand the complexities of its diagnosis and management.Recent findingsRecent information on the performance and use of available imaging and immunodiagnostic tools as well as antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory therapeutic regimes were assessed.SummaryImaging and serology data should be assessed in the context of the specific type of NCC to improve diagnostic precision. In terms of therapeutic approaches, more controlled data is required on the efficacy and safety of combined antiparasitic therapy, and antiseizure and anti-inflammatory regimes should be optimized to minimize perile...

Se estudiaron prospectivamente veinte casos de infecciones por Diphyllobothrium pacificum (tenia de pez) para determinar si esta asociada con anemia megaloblástica, como se informa comúnmente para las infecciones por D. latum. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron fatiga y dolor abdominal leve, que se identificaron en aproximadamente el 66,6% de los 18 pacientes entrevistados. Catorce pacientes recibieron tratamiento con niclosamida y todos se curaron. Los otros seis pacientes eliminaron espontáneamente las tenias. Un paciente, que también tenía diabetes crónica y atrofia gástrica, tenía niveles bajos de vitamina B12 y anemia megaloblástica. En todos los demás pacientes, incluidos otros tres pacientes con anemia, los niveles basales de vitamina B12 estaban en el rango de referencia y no cambiaron significativamente cuando se los reevaluó tres meses después. A diferencia de D. ...

This work was supported by National Council for Science, Technology, and Technological Innovation (CONCYTEC) – World Bank, through its executing unit National Fund for the Development of Science, Technology, and Technological Innovation (FONDECYT) contract [E033-01-08-2018-FONDECYT/Banco Mundial Programas de Doctorado en A´reas Estrate´gicas y Generales], Fogarty International Center-National Institutes of Health Training grant D43 TW001140, and by Intramural National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Estudio de cohorte prospectivo con un sub estudio de control de caso anidado, destinado a evaluar la incidencia de recaídas de convulsiones y su asociación con edema perilesional en pacientes con cisticercosis calcificada. Se incluyeron 17 pacientes de 65 años, atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, en Lima, Perú, con Neurocisticercosis y una historia de convulsiones y dolores de cabeza severos recurrentes dentro de los 10 años previos.

Estudio que evalúa si los exámenes de ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) y Ag-ELISA (antigen detection) predicen quistes viables en pacientes con lesiones calcificadas en el cerebro no detectados en tomografía computarizada. Se procesaron con Ag-ELISA y con inmunoelectrotransferencia enzimática, muestras de suero de 39 pacientes con neurocisticercosis calcificada y parásitos no viables en tomografía computarizada; se realizó resonancia magnética a cada paciente con dos meses de prueba serológica. Se concluye que la detección de antígenos y un grado menor de reacciones a anticuerpos pueden predecir neurocisticercosis viable. Los métodos de diagnóstico serológico podrían identificar lesiones viables no encontradas por tomografía computarizada, en pacientes con aparentemente sólo cisticercosis calcificada.

Background. The enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) assay is the reference serological test for neurocysticercosis (NCC). A positive result on EITB does not always correlate with the presence of active infections in the central nervous system (CNS), and patients with a single viable brain cyst may be EITB negative. Nonetheless, EITB antibody banding patterns appears to be related with the expression of 3 protein families of Taenia solium, and in turn with the characteristics of NCC in the CNS (type, stage, and burden of viable cysts). Methods. We evaluated EITB antibody banding patterns and brain imaging findings of 548 NCC cases. Similar banding patterns were grouped into homogeneous classes using latent class analysis. The association between classes and brain imaging findings was assessed. Results. Four classes were identified. Class 1 (patients negative or only positive t...

Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic brain disease caused by the larval form (Cysticercus cellulosae) of Taenia solium and is the leading cause of preventable epilepsy worldwide. However, the pathophysiology and relation to the wide range of clinical features remains poorly understood. Axonal swelling is emerging as an important early pathological finding in multiple neurodegenerative diseases and as a cause of brain injury, but has not been well described in neurocysticercosis. Histological analysis was performed on human, rat and porcine NCC brain specimens to identify axonal pathology. Rat infection was successfully carried out via two routes of inoculation: direct intracranial injection and oral feeding. Extensive axonal swellings, in the form of spheroids, were observed in both humans and rats and to a lesser extent in pigs with NCC. Spheroids demonstrated increased immunoreactivity to...