The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antiphotoaging effects of extracts of brown alga Macrocystis integrifolia Bory and develop a dermocosmetic form. From this extracts, was designed the dermocosmetic form in concentrations of 1, 3 and 5%, on a base made of lard with incorporation of beeswax and sesame oil to a pH of 6,5. The antioxidant activity was determined by in vitro methods as CDP and ABTS. The evaluation of antiphotoaging effect in vivo was performed using 25 albino female mice of Mus musculus specie, strain Bald / C53, who were divided into five groups of five mice each; except the group that served as blank, control and intervention groups were depilated hair back and subjected to UVB irradiation for 7 days, morning and night. The in vitro antioxidant activity assay showed that between extracts from stem, foliage and bulb of this alga, there are differences ...

Objective of the study was to compare the sunscreen effect in vivo of a cream made with the hydroalcoholic extract of the brown seaweed Macrocystis pyrifera (Linnapus) Agardh, with comercial sunscreens in skin lesions prevention. The biological sample was collected in the continental socket from Yanyarina beach, San Juan de Marcona, Ica region. Hydroalcoholic extract (ethanol 1:1) was obtained for maceration process since 300 g seaweed. With the extract was formulated and design the blocker dermocosmetic using concentrations of 5, 10, and 15%, respectively, with a mixture of solids aliphatic alcohols, consisting mainly of Cetyl alcohol (C16H3O) and Stearyl alcohol (C18H39O) 50/70%. Were used albino mice, mus musculus specie, bald c53 strain, adult males, with average weight 30 g. Photoprotective potential in vivo was tested through topical application on mice skin, in the dorsal anterior...

Was determinated chemical composition of essential oil from Caesalpinia spinosa, obtained by stripping with steam method, with a yield of 0,125% v/w, as well as its antioxidant capacity and antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668. To identify chemical constituents were employed Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), finding 23 compounds, being in greater quantity: pelargonaldehído (11,21%); dihydro-neoclovene-(i) (5,51%); naphthalene,1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-,(15-CIS)- (4,87%) y dihydro-cis-alfa-copaene-8-ol (4,13%). Evaluation of antioxidant activity was performed using the methods of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and acid radical 2,2'-azino-bis- (3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS—⁺), determining that IC50 to both methods was > 200 µL/mL, using as captation reference trolox®, which had IC50 3,8 µg/mL....

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto antioxidante y antifotoenvejecimiento de extractos de la alga parda Macrocystis integrifolia Bory y elaborar una forma dermocosmética. Obtenidos los extractos, se diseñó una forma dermocosmética en concentraciones de 1, 3 y 5%, elaboradas sobre una base de manteca de cerdo con incorporación de cera de abejas y aceite de sésamo a un pH de 6,5. La actividad antioxidante in vitro se determinó por lo métodos CDP y ABTS. La evaluación del efecto antifotoenvejecimiento in vivo se realizó empleando 25 ratones albinos hembra de la especie Mus musculus, cepa Bald/C53, que fueron distribuidos en cinco grupos de cinco ratones cada uno; a excepción del grupo que sirvió de blanco, el grupo control y los grupos de intervención fueron depilados en el lomo y se sometieron a la irradiación UVB durante 7 días, mañana y noche. El ensayo in vitro...

El estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar el efecto fotoprotector in vivo de una crema elaborada con el extracto hidroalcohólico de la macroalga parda Macrocystis pyrifera (Linnapus) Agardh frente a bloqueadores solares comerciales en la prevención de lesiones de piel. La muestra biológica fue colectada en el zócalo continental de la playa Yanyarina de San Juan de Marcona de la región Ica. El extracto hidroalcohólico (etanol-agua 1:1) se obtuvo por proceso de maceración a partir de 300 g de alga. Con el extracto se formuló y diseño el bloqueador dermocosmético empleando concentraciones 5, 10 y 15%, respectivamente, con una mezcla de alcoholes alifáticos sólidos, conformados principalmente por alcohol cetílico (C16H3O) y alcohol estearílico (C18H39O) 50/70%. Se emplearon 35 ratones albinos adultos machos de la especie Mus musculus cepa Bald C53 de peso promedio 30g. El potencia...

Se determinó la composición química del aceite esencial de Caesalpinia spinosa, obtenido por el método de destilación por arrastre con vapor de agua con un rendimiento de 0,125% v/p, así como su capacidad antioxidante y actividad antibacteriana frente a Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668. Para la identificación de los constituyentes químicos se emplearon Cromatografía de Gas y Espectrometría de Masas (CG/EM), encontrándose 23 compuestos, de los cuales destacan en mayor porcentaje: pelargonaldehído (11,21%); dihydro-neoclovene-(i) (5,51%); naphthalene,1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-,(15-CIS)- (4,87%) y dihydro-cis-alfa-copaene-8-ol (4,13%). La evaluación de la actividad antioxidante se realizó aplicando los métodos de 2,2–difenil-1-picrilhidracilo (DPPH) y del radical ácido 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfónico) (ABTS—⁺), determinándo...

This study evaluated the leishmanicidal activity and acute oral toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract from stems of Croton alnifolius. For the first, were infected with promastigotes of Leishmania peruviana, in the right hind leg, Mesocricetus auratus (hamster); after three weeks the animals were treated with the hydroalcoholic extract of Croton alnifolius. The effect of the extract was compared with sodium stibogluconate at 60 mg SbV / kg per day for 20 days. The toxic potential of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using the acute oral toxicity test on mice, determining the media lethal dose (LD50) with three dose levels of extract (2000, 200 and 50 mg /kg), assessing body weight and histopathological study, also was evaluated their cytotoxicity against Artemia salina. It was found that the extract has leishmanicidal activity comparable to sodium stibogluconate. The LD50 value was estim...

Avocado seed is a part of the fruit discarded in industrial pulp oil extraction and would be a source of essential fatty acids and other phytoconstituents. This research aimed to characterize oil seed Persea americana Mill. Var. Hass and Fuerte and its antioxidant activity. To oil obtained by the Soxhlet method, was made the physicochemical characterization following the AOCS (American Society of Chemical Oil) standards, the fatty acid profile by gas chromatographic method and the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method. Physicochemical characterization reported mean values and standard deviation of 2,12±0,015; 1,40±0,047; 242,30±5,449; 70,62±2,82 and 0,919±0,024 to acidity index, peroxide, saponification, iodine and specific gravity, respectively; with significance p <0,05. Were identified two essential fatty acids: linoleic acid (48,77%) and linolenic acid (12,17%), omega-6 and...

This study was designed in three phases: 1. Preliminary assessment of the extract of calyces. 2. Formulation and assessment of gels incorporating the extract. 3. Assessment of the anti-inflammatory activity of the gel. Objective. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a gel based on the lyophilized ethanolic extract of calyces of Physalis peruviana “goldenberry”. Methodology. Calyces of goldenberry collected from a processing company in the department of Cuzco were subject of a reflux extraction with petroleum ether and, from the residue, it was prepared an ethanolic extract, by maceration, which was lyophilized and incorporated at concentration of 1 % in different formulations of gel base of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyacrylamide and carbomer. Those preparations that presented better physical compatibility were subjected to preliminary stability. For the assessme...

This study evaluated the leishmanicidal activity and acute oral toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract from stems of Croton alnifolius. For the first, were infected with promastigotes of Leishmania peruviana, in the right hind leg, Mesocricetus auratus (hamster); after three weeks the animals were treated with the hydroalcoholic extract of Croton alnifolius. The effect of the extract was compared with sodium stibogluconate at 60 mg SbV / kg per day for 20 days. The toxic potential of hydroalcoholic extract was evaluated using the acute oral toxicity test on mice, determining the media lethal dose (LD50) with three dose levels of extract (2000, 200 and 50 mg /kg), assessing body weight and histopathological study, also was evaluated their cytotoxicity against Artemia salina. It was found that the extract has leishmanicidal activity comparable to sodium stibogluconate. The LD50 value was estim...

La semilla de palta es una parte del fruto descartada en la obtención industrial del aceite de pulpa y podría ser una fuente de ácidos grasos esenciales y otros fitoconstituyentes. El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar al aceite de la semilla de Persea americana Mill. Var. Hass Fuerte y su actividad antioxidante. Al aceite obtenido por el método de Soxhlet, se le hizo la caracterización fisicoquímica siguiendo las normas AOCS (Sociedad Americana de la Química del Aceite), el perfil de ácidos grasos mediante el método cromatográfico de gases y la actividad antioxidante por el método DPPH. La caracterización fisicoquímica reportó valores promedios y desviación estándar de 2,12±0,015; 1,40±0,047; 242,30±5,449; 70,62±2,82 y 0,919±0,024 para índices de acidez, peróxido, saponificación, iodo y gravedad específica, respectivamente; con un...

Este estudio se diseñó en tres etapas: 1. Evaluación preliminar del extracto de cálices. 2. Formulación y evaluación de geles incorporando el extracto. 3. Evaluación de la actividad antiinflamatoria del gel. Objetivo. Evaluar la actividad antiinflamatoria de un gel a base de extracto etanólico liofilizado de cálices de Physalis peruviana “aguaymanto”. Metodología. Cálices de aguaymanto, obtenidos de una empresa procesadora en Cuzco fueron sometidos a extracción por reflujo con éter de petróleo y, a partir del residuo se preparó un extracto etanólico por maceración, que fue liofilizado e incorporado a concentración de 1 % en diversas formulaciones en gel base de carboximetilcelulosa sódica (CMC), poliacrilamida y carbómero. Aquellas preparaciones que presentaron mejor compatibilidad física fueron sometidas a estabilidad preliminar. Para la evaluación de la activi...

The aim of this studio was explore the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory anti-enzimatic potential of hydro-alcoholic extract of Caesalpinia spinosa "tara" pods. The antioxidant activity was determined by neutralization of radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hidrazilo (DPPH•+) and 2,2'-azinobis acid (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+). The antienzymatic activity was assessed by inhibition of the enzymes collagenase and elastase. The antiinflammatory activity was determined by the method of induction of plantar edema in rats λ-carrageenan. 30 albino rats Holtzman strain were used, with average weight 200 ± 20g, randomly distributed in five groups of six, a control with saline, a group with indomethacin pharmacological standard and intervention groups with alcoholic extract doses of 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg, respectively. The extract showed antioxidant activity in DPPH (EC50 = 4,52 ...

Se tuvo como objetivo explorar los potenciales antioxidante, antienzimático y antiinflamatorio del extracto hidroalcohólico de vainas de Caesalpinia spinosa “tara”. La actividad antioxidante se determinó por neutralización de los radicales 1,1-difenil-2-picril-hidrazilo (DPPH•+) y del ácido 2,2’-azinobis (3-etilbenzotiazolin)-6-sulfónico (ABTS•+). La actividad antienzimática se evaluó por inhibición de las enzimas colagenasa y elastasa. La actividad antiinflamatoria se determinó por el método de inducción de edema plantar en ratas por λ-carragenina. Se emplearon 30 ratas albinas de cepa Holtzman, con peso promedio de 200 ± 20 g, distribuidas al azar en cinco grupos de seis, un control con suero fisiológico, un grupo con el estándar farmacológico indometacina y los grupos de intervención con el extracto hidroalcohólico en dosis de 50, 100 y 250 mg/kg, respecti...

Maca (Lipidium meyenii Walp,) is a Peruvian product with different properties and health benefits, however, depending on its nature both in its processed state and as a raw material, it can present polluting substances from its natural appearance or state of conservation. The objective of the study was to detect mycotoxigenic molds and identify heavy metals of lead and mercury in maca flour from the Buenos Aires agricultural market in the Carhuamayo District, Huancayo Province and Junín Department. The detection of molds was made by the direct method, appreciating species of the genus Cephalosporium sp. (HMD1) and Penicillium sp. (HMD2) and by the indirect method a dilution (-7) 5x108 cfu / mL of yeast was obtained. In the identification of heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the presence of lead was evidenced in 0.17 mg / kg average amount at the toxic value of the per...

El uso y abuso de etanol es asociado frecuentemente con implicaciones y consecuencias medicolegales. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la alcoholemia retrospectiva en función de dos muestras sanguíneas sucesivas de personas con posingestión de bebidas alcohólicas. El etanol como cerveza se administró en dosis única 0,8 g/kg a los sujetos del grupo I, se recogió cantidad suficiente de muestras de sangre diseñándose el perfil de concentración-tiempo del etanol y determinaron parámetros toxicocinéticos; los grupos II, y III libaron cerveza ad libitum y se extrajeron dos muestras de sangre a diferentes intervalos de tiempo. El etanol se cuantificó por cromatografía de gases. Las extrapolaciones retrógradas de alcoholemias se estimaron suponiendo cinética de orden cero y rango de tasas de eliminación 0,10 a 0,35 g/L/h. En el grupo I se determinó el volumen de distribuc...

La alcoholemia es una de las pruebas químicas realizadas con mayor frecuencia en los laboratorios forenses por lo que es imprescindible disponer de métodos analíticos exactos, precisos y adecuados para el propósito. El objetivo del presente estudio fue desarrollar y validar un método para determinar alcoholemia por cromatografía de gases/espectrometría de masas. Se desarrolló el método por inyección de espacio de cabeza estático empleando propan-1-ol como estándar interno, el cromatógrafo de gases se configuró a 40 ºC, la adquisición de datos del espectrómetro de masas fue en modo full scan (28 - 65 uma), los analitos se identificaron por comparación de los espectros de masas con las bibliotecas del espectrómetro de masas, el etanol se cuantificó considerando el fragmento iónico 31. El método desarrollado resultó selectivo (separó eficientemente el etanol del meta...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and use of ethanol extract of Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz & Pavón (mashua) as colorant for yogurt. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS methods. The total content of anthocyanins (TA) and polyphenols (TP) was determined by the method of differential pH and Folin-Ciocalteu, respectively. Parameters of CIEL*a*b* system were used to measure the purple color and concentration of pigment used to color natural yogurt "3500", comparing with yogurt commercial blackberry "6224" which was taken as a reference. Both yogurt samples were stored under refrigeration (4°C ± 1) for 28 days and color and pH were measured every 4 days. For sensory analysis the acceptance test was applied (p<0,05). The contents of TA and TP in the extracts analyzed were 192,63 ± 1,28 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside/100g fresh weigh...

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la actividad antioxidante y uso del extracto etanólico de Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz & Pavón (mashua) como colorante para yogur. La actividad antioxidante se determinó por los métodos DPPH y ABTS. El contenido total de antocianinas (AT) y polifenoles (PT) fue determinado por el método de pH diferencial y Folin-Ciocalteu, respectivamente. Los parámetros del sistema CIEL*a*b* se utilizaron para medir el color morado y la concentración de pigmento empleado para colorear el yogur natural “3500”, comparándose con yogur comercial de mora “6224”, que fue tomado como referencia. Ambas muestras de yogur se almacenaron bajo condiciones de refrigeración (4°C ± 1) durante 28 días; se les midió color y pH cada 4 días. Para el análisis sensorial se aplicó la prueba de aceptación (p<0,05). El contenido de AT y PT en los extractos analiz...

This study aimed to characterize the chemical components of essential oil of Citrus sinensis L., determine its antibacterial activity and make dosageforms, mainly for local use. The essential oil was obtained from the dried leaves of the selected species, using a hydrodistillation system with water steam sweep; tests were conducted miscibility and determination of physical constants, such as specific gravity, refractive index and optical rotation. The chemical composition was determined by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (CG/EM), standing out in the sugiero: chromatogram spectral signals in the elucidating: Limonene, beta-linalool, decanal and 2 (10)-pinene(1S,5S)-(-)-. The determination of antibacterial activity in vitro was tested by agar diffusion method and the formation of inhibition halos against strains of Gram (+), as Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25,933 and Staphylococcus epid...