Objective: To evaluate acute oral toxicity by the method of the decoction classes of the aqueous extract of leaves and stems of Desmodium molliculum (H.B.K.) D.C., manayupa (EAM), at a maximum concentration of 2000 mg / kg body weight. Biological material: Leaves and stems of Desmodium molliculum, manayupa and Mus musculus strain Balb / c / CNPB, adult male and female mice. Methodology: The leaves and stems of Desmodium molliculum, manayupa collected in La Encañada-Cajamarca were desiccated and crushed to 1.5 mm, subjected to a hot aqueous extraction, filtered and concentrated by lyophilization. The acute oral toxicity study was performed using doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg / kg bw, respectively. The observations made were recorded that were aimed at the determination of: signs and symptoms of toxicity, weight, death and time of occurrence of the same on days 1, 7 and 14. Results: Unde...

Objective: To evaluate acute oral toxicity by the method of the decoction classes of the aqueous extract of leaves and stems of Desmodium molliculum (H.B.K.) D.C., manayupa (EAM), at a maximum concentration of 2000 mg / kg body weight. Biological material: Leaves and stems of Desmodium molliculum, manayupa and Mus musculus strain Balb / c / CNPB, adult male and female mice. Methodology: The leaves and stems of Desmodium molliculum, manayupa collected in La Encañada-Cajamarca were desiccated and crushed to 1.5 mm, subjected to a hot aqueous extraction, filtered and concentrated by lyophilization. The acute oral toxicity study was performed using doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg / kg bw, respectively. The observations made were recorded that were aimed at the determination of: signs and symptoms of toxicity, weight, death and time of occurrence of the same on days 1, 7 and 14. Results: Unde...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) leaves, in the form of infusion (aqueous extract) administered to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. After signing informed consent, were included 206 people aged 30 to 70 years old, male and female: 105 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 101 apparently healthy control group. Type 2 diabetic patients were people who go to Scholar Healthcare of Clinical Analysis (SAAAC), Office of Pharmaceutical Care (GAF) of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Club of type 2 diabetic patients of Cayetano Heredia Hospital and Patrucco Raul Puig Health Center (CERIT). From type 2 diabetic patients receiving drug treatment, there were 46 metabolically controlled patients and 59 not metabolically controlled ones. The latter group was given filter bags of yacon leaves of 1 g each, to be ...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) leaves, in the form of infusion (aqueous extract) administered to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. After signing informed consent, were included 206 people aged 30 to 70 years old, male and female: 105 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 101 apparently healthy control group. Type 2 diabetic patients were people who go to Scholar Healthcare of Clinical Analysis (SAAAC), Office of Pharmaceutical Care (GAF) of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Club of type 2 diabetic patients of Cayetano Heredia Hospital and Patrucco Raul Puig Health Center (CERIT). From type 2 diabetic patients receiving drug treatment, there were 46 metabolically controlled patients and 59 not metabolically controlled ones. The latter group was given filter bags of yacon leaves of 1 g each, to be ...

The objective of this study was to determine the association between serum adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic risk factors in a high altitude population. We included 88 adults (31 men and 57 women), natives from Carhuamayo, town at 4146 m. Anthropometric data were recorded and blood pressure was measured. Serum levels of lipidic profile, glucose and adiponectin were determined. Mean values of serum adiponectin in women were found to be significantly higher than those in men. Estimated hipoadiponectinemia (<4 μg/mL) was 23,9% in the total sample, 45,2% in men and 12,4% in women; the serum adiponectin highest prevalence (47,6%) corresponded to the hipoadiponectinemic group. Serum adiponectin level showed significantly negative correlation with BMI and with serum triglyceride concentration, and was positively and significantly correlated with HDL-cholesterol. Was concluded that hipo...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Aloe vera modified gel (MAVG) against the injury induced in albino mice by the oral administration of mixed overheated cooking oil (OCO) with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (1:1). OCO doses used were 2,3 and 3,1 mL/kg administered for 14 days, which produced increases of transaminases ALT, AST and triglycerides. For the specimens that received the lowest dose of OCO (2,3 mL/kg body weight), since day 14 and continuing for 18 days, were administered additionally four drops daily of MAVG equivalent to 6,1 ml/kg. When analyzing the results obtained at 14, 19, 28 and 33 days of starting treatment were observed significant progressive decrease in ALT, AST and triglycerides. However, the specimens that received the highest dose of OCO (3,1 ml/kg) plus MAVG, showed increase in the levels of ALT, AST and triglycerides over time, sug...

The objective of this study was to determine the association between serum adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic risk factors in a high altitude population. We included 88 adults (31 men and 57 women), natives from Carhuamayo, town at 4146 m. Anthropometric data were recorded and blood pressure was measured. Serum levels of lipidic profile, glucose and adiponectin were determined. Mean values of serum adiponectin in women were found to be significantly higher than those in men. Estimated hipoadiponectinemia (<4 μg/mL) was 23,9% in the total sample, 45,2% in men and 12,4% in women; the serum adiponectin highest prevalence (47,6%) corresponded to the hipoadiponectinemic group. Serum adiponectin level showed significantly negative correlation with BMI and with serum triglyceride concentration, and was positively and significantly correlated with HDL-cholesterol. Was concluded that hipo...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto hepatoprotector del gel de Aloe vera modificado (GAVM) frente a la injuria inducida en ratones albinos por la administración, vía oral, de aceite comestible recalentado (ACR) mezclado con dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) (1:1). Las dosis de ACR usadas fueron 2,3 y 3,1 mL/kg, administradas por 14 días, lo cual produjo incremento de las transaminasas (ALT, AST) y triglicéridos. A los ejemplares que recibieron la menor dosis de ACR (2,3 mL/kg de peso), a partir del día 14 y por 18 días, se les suministró, adicionalmente, cuatro gotas diarias de GAVM equivalente a 6,1 mL/kg de peso. Al analizar los resultados obtenidos a los 14, 19, 28 y 33 días de iniciado el tratamiento, se observó disminución progresiva significativa de ALT, AST y triglicéridos. Sin embargo, los ejemplares que recibieron mayor dosis de ACR (3,1 mL/kg de peso) más ...

To give scientific support to the traditional use of plants, was studied the aqueous extract of dried leaves of Annona muricata L. "Soursop", specie collected in the highlands jungle of Cuzco, which was classified taxonomically in the Natural History Museum of the UNMSM; Annona muricata L. revealed the presence of flavonoids and other metabolites. The aqueous extract was classified as non-toxic according to the method of dose limits for the determination of acute toxicity, result supported with the macroscopic study of organs made at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine UNMSM. By employing the method of plantar edema induced by λ-carrageenan mouse model, the aqueous extract of Annona muricata L., at concentration of 1,5mg/kg, had significant anti-inflammatory efficacy compared to indomethacin. The statistical analysis was carried out by ANOVA at 95% confidence.

To give scientific support to the traditional use of plants, was studied the aqueous extract of dried leaves of Annona muricata L. "Soursop", specie collected in the highlands jungle of Cuzco, which was classified taxonomically in the Natural History Museum of the UNMSM; Annona muricata L. revealed the presence of flavonoids and other metabolites. The aqueous extract was classified as non-toxic according to the method of dose limits for the determination of acute toxicity, result supported with the macroscopic study of organs made at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine UNMSM. By employing the method of plantar edema induced by λ-carrageenan mouse model, the aqueous extract of Annona muricata L., at concentration of 1,5mg/kg, had significant anti-inflammatory efficacy compared to indomethacin. The statistical analysis was carried out by ANOVA at 95% confidence.

The aim of this studio was explore the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory anti-enzimatic potential of hydro-alcoholic extract of Caesalpinia spinosa "tara" pods. The antioxidant activity was determined by neutralization of radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hidrazilo (DPPH•+) and 2,2'-azinobis acid (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+). The antienzymatic activity was assessed by inhibition of the enzymes collagenase and elastase. The antiinflammatory activity was determined by the method of induction of plantar edema in rats λ-carrageenan. 30 albino rats Holtzman strain were used, with average weight 200 ± 20g, randomly distributed in five groups of six, a control with saline, a group with indomethacin pharmacological standard and intervention groups with alcoholic extract doses of 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg, respectively. The extract showed antioxidant activity in DPPH (EC50 = 4,52 ...

Se tuvo como objetivo explorar los potenciales antioxidante, antienzimático y antiinflamatorio del extracto hidroalcohólico de vainas de Caesalpinia spinosa “tara”. La actividad antioxidante se determinó por neutralización de los radicales 1,1-difenil-2-picril-hidrazilo (DPPH•+) y del ácido 2,2’-azinobis (3-etilbenzotiazolin)-6-sulfónico (ABTS•+). La actividad antienzimática se evaluó por inhibición de las enzimas colagenasa y elastasa. La actividad antiinflamatoria se determinó por el método de inducción de edema plantar en ratas por λ-carragenina. Se emplearon 30 ratas albinas de cepa Holtzman, con peso promedio de 200 ± 20 g, distribuidas al azar en cinco grupos de seis, un control con suero fisiológico, un grupo con el estándar farmacológico indometacina y los grupos de intervención con el extracto hidroalcohólico en dosis de 50, 100 y 250 mg/kg, respecti...

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and fungicidal activity of aqueous and alcoholic macerated from leaves of Aloe vera L., containing anthraquinone derivatives. With this macerated liquids were prepared solutions of CuSO4.5H2O 1,5%, FeCl3 1%, AgNO3 1%, and Bi (NO3)3 1,5%, which were stored in amber glass flasks, hermetically closed for 12 months under refrigeration; a similar batch was kept at 25°C. Antimicrobial and fungicide activities were determined on these preparations using plate excavation method, of USP XXX, against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger strains. Aqueous solutions of Aloe vera L. showed antimicrobial activity in decreasing order Cu > Ag > Fe and alcoholic solutions in also decreasing order Ag > Cu > Fe. Only copper sulphate aqueous solutions showed fungicidal activity. The preparations prese...

Introduction: The low academic performance at the university is influenced by multiple factors manifested in the early years of study. Objectives: To determine the factors affecting the low academic performance of medical students during their first year of studies. Design: Observational, longitudinal study. Non-probability sampling was used for assessments. Setting: San Fernando Faculty of Medicine, San Marcos National University, Lima-Peru. Interventions: A questionnaire, physical, psychological and laboratory examinations were applied. Main outcome measures: Factors that influence low academic performance. Results: Forty students (14 females and 26 males), aged between 18 and 30 years, were evaluated; 31 came from state schools (78%) and 9 from private schools (23%). With regards to study habits, 27 (67%) reported reading the subjects of the profession at least once a day, and 13 (33%...

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and fungicidal activity of aqueous and alcoholic macerated from leaves of Aloe vera L., containing anthraquinone derivatives. With this macerated liquids were prepared solutions of CuSO4.5H2O 1,5%, FeCl3 1%, AgNO3 1%, and Bi (NO3)3 1,5%, which were stored in amber glass flasks, hermetically closed for 12 months under refrigeration; a similar batch was kept at 25°C. Antimicrobial and fungicide activities were determined on these preparations using plate excavation method, of USP XXX, against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger strains. Aqueous solutions of Aloe vera L. showed antimicrobial activity in decreasing order Cu > Ag > Fe and alcoholic solutions in also decreasing order Ag > Cu > Fe. Only copper sulphate aqueous solutions showed fungicidal activity. The preparations prese...

To study extracts of the cotton biocides it has collected more than thirty species of plants, which were classified taxonomically in the Natural History Museum of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, between species that are considered relevant for its insecticidal properties we have the following species: Tephrosia cinerea (sacha barbasco), Artemisia absinthium (wormwood), Ryania speciosa (riania), Cissampelos grandifolia (legia), Datura stramonium (chamico), Hura crepitans (catahua), Schinus molle (molle), Annona cherimola (chirimoya), Annona muricata (guanabana or graviola), Tagetes patula (Marigold), Tanacetum parthenium (santa maria), Chromolaena laevigata (sacha huaca), Clibadium asperum (huaca), Lonchocarpus nicou (Mount mullein), Lonchocarpus spiciflorus (yumanasa), Centropogon cornutus (arco sacha), Erythrina berteroana (small amasisa), Erythrina edulis (pajuro), Erythr...

To study extracts of the cotton biocides it has collected more than thirty species of plants, which were classified taxonomically in the Natural History Museum of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, between species that are considered relevant for its insecticidal properties we have the following species: Tephrosia cinerea (sacha barbasco), Artemisia absinthium (wormwood), Ryania speciosa (riania), Cissampelos grandifolia (legia), Datura stramonium (chamico), Hura crepitans (catahua), Schinus molle (molle), Annona cherimola (chirimoya), Annona muricata (guanabana or graviola), Tagetes patula (Marigold), Tanacetum parthenium (santa maria), Chromolaena laevigata (sacha huaca), Clibadium asperum (huaca), Lonchocarpus nicou (Mount mullein), Lonchocarpus spiciflorus (yumanasa), Centropogon cornutus (arco sacha), Erythrina berteroana (small amasisa), Erythrina edulis (pajuro), Erythr...

Con el fin de sustituir los insecticidas químicos usados en el cultivo del algodonero por sustancias inócuas que permitan un manejo integrado de plagas con fundamento ecológico, se investigaron y colectaron 40 especies vegetales con propiedades biocidas, las que fueron clasificadas taxonómicamente en el Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Entre las especies más relevantes por sus propiedades insecticidas tenemos: Tephrosia cinerea (sacha barbasco), Artemisia absinthium (ajenjo), Ryania speciosa (riania), Cissampelos grandifolia (legía), Datura Stramonium (chamico), Hura crepitans (catahua), Schinus molle (molle), Annona cherimola (chirimoya), Annona muricata (guanábana o graviola), Tagetes patula (marigold), Tanacetum parthenium (santa maría), Chromolaena laevigata (sacha huaca), Clibadium asperum (huaca), Lonchocarpus nicou (barbasco del mon...

Overweight and obesity are global public health problems that lead to a scenario of alterations in the concentration of circulating lipoproteins; in this scenario, the least studied apoAII and apoCIII have potential as predictors of stroke. The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of apolipoproteins (apoAII and apoCIII) under conditions of overweight and obesity. For this purpose, blood samples were taken from 72 volunteers of both sexes with an age range between 24 and 64 years who were overweight or obese with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 kg/m2; additionally, lipid profile, glucose, serum levels of apoAII, apoCIII, insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin were determined using specific kits following the manufacturer’s instructions. As a result, the average age was 47.3 years, 44.44% were obese, 34.72% were overweight and 20.83% had a normal BMI, with p=0.117, ...

Objective: To correlate the levels of thyrotropin with the levels of cholesterol and serum triglycerides in 250 healthy subjects and patients with subclinical thyroid dysfunction with a minimum fasting of 8 hours. Methodology: Analytical methods: total cholesterol, triglycerides: Enzyme-colorimetric and Thyrotropin: ELISA immunoenzymatic. Results: Thyrotropin was found in healthy subjects 88,68% in men and 89,34% in women, in patients with hyper thyroid dysfunction 1,89% for men and 1,52% for women, as well as hypo 9,43% for men and 9,14% for women. Cholesterol in healthy subjects for men is 49,06% and in women 67,01%; in patients with hyper thyroid dysfunction 50,94% for men and 32,99% for women. Triglycerides in healthy subjects 69,81% in men and 62,44% in women, in patients with hyper thyroid dysfunction 30,19% for men and 37,56% in women. Conclusions: A correlation was found between ...