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artículo
Publicado 2021
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Background. Severe periodontal disease is highly prevalent worldwide, affecting 20% of the population between the ages of 35 and 44 years. The etiological epidemiology in Peru is scarce, even though some studies describe a prevalence of 48.5% of periodontal disease in the general population. Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent oral diseases associated with site-specific changes in the oral microbiota and it has been associated with a socioeconomic state. This study aimed to determine the etiology and resistance profile of bacteria identified in a group of Peruvian patients with periodontal disease. Methods. Six subgingival plaque samples were collected from eight patients with severe periodontitis. Bacterial identification was carried out by an initial culture, PCR amplification, and subsequently DNA sequencing. We evaluated the antibiotic susceptibility by the disk diffusion meth...
2
informe técnico
Publicado 2023
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La asignatura se desarrolla a través de talleres en los cuales los estudiantes desarrollan un protocolo de investigación que servirá para desarrollar su tesis de titulación como médico cirujano. El protocolo responde a una pregunta de investigación relevante que lleva al desarrollo de una investigación con un diseño metodológico apropiado y con un nivel de calidad potencialmente publicable. Este protocolo será presentado ante un comité de ética en investigación para su revisión.
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informe técnico
Publicado 2021
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La asignatura se desarrolla a través de talleres en los cuales los estudiantes desarrollan un protocolo de investigación que servirá para desarrollar su tesis de titulación como médico cirujano. El protocolo responde a una pregunta de investigación relevante que lleva al desarrollo de una investigación con un diseño metodológico apropiado y con un nivel de calidad potencialmente publicable. Este protocolo será presentado ante un comité de ética en investigación para su revisión. 1
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informe técnico
Publicado 2021
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Descripción: Proyecto de Investigación 2 es un curso de la carrera de Medicina, eminentemente práctico, que complementa lo desarrollado en el curso Proyecto de Investigación 1. Utilizando como base el protocolo de investigación desarrollado en el curso previo, durante este semestre el estudiante desarrolla, empleando la data recogida, el informe final de su investigación. Este informe final (tesis) corresponde a una investigación científica potencialmente publicable en una revista indexada. Propósito: El curso Proyecto de Investigación 2 permite al estudiante de Medicina culminar una investigación científica relevante y, de esta manera, generar nueva evidencia en el campo de la Medicina, logrando que dicha práctica le sea habitual cuando realice su ejercicio profesional. Busca desarrollar las competencias generales de razonamiento cuantitativo, manejo de la información y pe...
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artículo
Publicado 2023
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Background The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) that causes undifferentiated acute febrile illness. Cases of CHIKV may be under-reported in Peru, given the various difficulties in diagnosing it, such as lack of diagnostic tests in remote areas, the passive nature of epidemiological surveillance, and co-circulation of other arthro-pod-borne pathogens. Therefore, a study was conducted in the high jungle of northern Peru to determine the prevalence of CHIKV among febrile patients and describe their clinical characteristics. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Jaen, Cajamarca, located in the high jungle of northern Peru. Patients attending primary healthcare centers within Cajamar-ca’s Regional Health Directorate were enrolled. The study took place from June 2020 through June 2021. Patients were eligible if they sought ...
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artículo
Publicado 2020
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Background: The infection caused by Mayaro virus (MAYV), which presents as an acute febrile illness, is considered a neglected tropical disease. The virus is an endemic and emerging pathogen in South America and the Caribbean, responsible for occasional and poorly characterized outbreaks. Currently there is limited information about its expansion and risk areas. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 10 urban primary care health centers in the Cajamarca region of Peru from January to June 2017. A total of 359 patients with suspected febrile illness were assessed. RNA was extracted from serum samples, following which MAYV real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) for the detection of the nsP1 gene was performed. Results: MAYV was detected in 11.1% (40/359) of samples after RT-PCR amplification and confirmatory DNA sequencing. Most infections were detected in the adult popula...
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artículo
Publicado 2021
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Objective: To describe frequency and clinical characteristics of MAYV infection in Piura, as well as the association of this pathogen with DENV. Results: A total of 86/496 (17.3%) cases of MAYV were detected, of which 54 were MAYV mono-infection and 32 were co-infection with DENV, accounting for 10.9% and 6.4%, respectively. When evaluating monoinfection by MAYV the main groups were 18–39 and 40–59 years old, with 25.9% and 20.4% respectively. Co-infections were more common in the age group 18–39 and those > 60 years old, with 34.4% and 21.9%, respectively. The most frequent clinical presentation were headaches (94.4%, 51/54) followed by arthralgias (77.8%, 42/54). During the 8-month study period the most cases were identified in the months of May (29.1%) and June (50.0%).
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artículo
Publicado 2024
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The loss of biodiversity and the effects of climate change hurt agricultural production and food security in Peru and around the world. The family farming sector in Peru (97% of agricultural units – AU) faces numerous challenges when it comes to sustainably producing food. To sustain Peruvian agriculture in the face of climate change, climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices and agrobiodiversity conservation are essential. This document characterizes the level of agrobiodiversity (index IDA) of family AUs in the Crisnejas basin and analyzes the impact of the elements that affect farmers’ decisions to apply multiple CSA measures. CSA adoption decisions were analyzed using an econometric analysis framework combining multivariate and ordered probit models for 340 family AUs. Results indicate that AUs with a lower agrobiodiversity index (IDA) have a higher monthly income (IDA = 0.56, 3...
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tesis de maestría
Publicado 2017
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La ingeniería inversa es una tecnología común en diferentes industrias y puede ayudar a las empresas a desarrollar y comercializar productos en un período de tiempo más corto, con lo cual ganar una ventaja sobre los competidores. El proceso de ingeniería inversa sirve como un punto de inicio en el rediseño de un producto en el que el producto es analizado en términos de su funcionalidad, principios físicos, capacidad de producción, y capacidad de montaje, con el fin de comprender plenamente todos los detalles del producto. La literatura sugiere que hay varios factores que juegan un rol importante en la adopción de la tecnología de ingeniería inversa. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar los factores determinantes que influyen en la adopción de ingeniería inversa en una empresa del sector biomédico denominada “GENES”. La metodología aplicada corres...
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tesis doctoral
Publicado 2024
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Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Economía de los Recursos Naturales y el Desarrollo Sustentable
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artículo
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
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artículo
Publicado 2015
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Objective: To evaluate the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) in vitro to the ethanolic extracts obtained from five different Peruvian medicinal plants. Methods: The plants were chopped and soaked in absolute ethanol (1:2, w/v). The antibacterial activity of compounds against P. aeruginosa was evaluated using the cupplate agar diffusion method. Results: The extracts from Maytenus macrocarpa (“Chuchuhuasi”), Dracontium loretense Krause (“Jergon Sacha”), Tabebuia impetiginosa (“Tahuari”), Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn (eucalyptus), Uncaria tomentosa (“Uña de gato”) exhibited favorable antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa. The inhibitory effect of the extracts on the strains of P. aeruginosa tested demonstrated that Tabebuia impetiginosa and Maytenus macrocarpa possess higher antibacterial activity. Conclusions: The results of the present study...
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artículo
Publicado 2018
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Objective: To determine the variations in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in asymptomatic children infected with Helicobacter pylori in comparison with children without the infection. Results: Children infected with H. pylori doubled their probability of presenting 3 of 9 genera of bacteria from the gut microbiota, including: Proteobacteria (p = 0.008), Clostridium (p = 0.040), Firmicutes (p = 0.001) and Prevotella (p = 0.006) in comparison to patients without the infection. We performed a nutritional assessment and found that growth stunting was statistically significantly higher in patients infected with H. pylori (p = 0.046).
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artículo
Publicado 2017
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Analysis of immune responses in Bartonella bacilliformis carriers are needed to understand acquisition of immunity to Carrion’s disease and may allow identifying biomarkers associated with bacterial infection and disease phases. Serum samples from 144 healthy subjects from 5 villages in the North of Peru collected in 2014 were analyzed. Four villages had a Carrion’s disease outbreak in 2013, and the other is a traditionally endemic area. Thirty cytokines, chemokines and growth factors were determined in sera by fluorescent bead-based quantitative suspension array technology, and analyzed in relation to available data on bacteremia quantified by RT-PCR, and IgM and IgG levels measured by ELISA against B. bacilliformis lysates. The presence of bacteremia was associated with low concentrations of HGF (p = 0.005), IL-15 (p = 0.002), IL-6 (p = 0.05), IP-10 (p = 0.008), MIG (p = 0.03) and ...
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artículo
Publicado 2018
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Objective: To report an outbreak of ZIKV infection among asymptomatic pregnant women during 2016 in the city of Jaen, Cajamarca. Results: Zika virus RNA was detected in 3.2% (n = 36) of cases by RT-PCR. The mean age of patients positive for ZIKV infection was 29.6 years. 7 patients (19.4%) infected with ZIKV were in their first-trimester of gestation, 13 (36.1%) were in their second-trimester, and 16 (44%) were in their third-trimester. All of the infected pregnant women were asymptomatic. ZIKV infection remains a major public health issue that calls for constant epidemiological surveillance. It can cause the congenital Zika virus syndrome in the newborns of infected mothers. The lack of molecular diagnostic methods in isolated localities and the similarity of symptoms to other arboviral infections, lead to an under-diagnosis of this disease in endemic areas.
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artículo
Publicado 2021
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Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of A. baumannii in children aged less than 1 year admitted with a clinical diagnosis of whooping cough. Results: A total of 225 nasopharyngeal samples from children under 1 year old hospitalized with clinical diagnosis of whooping cough were studied from January 2010 to July 2012. The presence of A. baumannii was detected in 20.89% (47/225) of the nasopharyngeal swab samples. Among the 47 patients with A. baumannii: 5 were diagnosed with A. baumannii monoinfection, 17 co-infection with bacteria, 7 co-infection with virus and 18 co-infection with bacteria + virus. It was observed that 51.6% (116/225) were children between 29 days and 3 months old, this same group had the highest overall prevalence with 53.3%. The most common co-infecting pathogens were Bordetella pertussis in 55.3%, Adenovirus in 42.6% and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 23...
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artículo
Publicado 2022
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Background Oropouche fever is an infectious disease caused by the Oropouche virus (OROV). The diagnosis and prediction of the clinical picture continue to be a great challenge for clinicians who manage patients with acute febrile syndrome. Several symptoms have been associated with OROV virus infection in patients with febrile syndrome; however, to date, there is no clinical prediction rule, which is a fundamental tool to help the approach of this infectious disease. Objective To assess the performance of a prediction model based solely on signs and symptoms to diagnose Oropouche virus infection in patients with acute febrile syndrome. Materials and methods Validation study, which included 923 patients with acute febrile syndrome registered in the Epidemiological Surveillance database of three arbovirus endemic areas in Peru. Results A total of 97 patients (19%) were positive for OROV in...
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objeto de conferencia
Publicado 2015
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Las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRAs) constituyen una de las cinco primeras causas de morbilidad y mortalidad a nivel mundial. Una bacteria causante de infecciones respiratorias agudas, principalmente en niños menores de 5 años es Haemophilus influenzae tipo b. “Se estima que provoca por lo menos tres millones de casos de enfermedad grave al año y alrededor de 86.000 de funciones, la mayor parte se registra en países en desarrollo”.El objetivo fue identificar Haemophilus influenzae tipo b en lactantes menores de 1año hospitalizados con diagnóstico de infección respiratoria aguda y presencia de tos coqueluchoide.
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artículo
Publicado 2016
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The presence of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) implies the presence of fluctuating rains in coastal areas and these changes influence the occurrence of febrile syndromes outbreaks. In Peru, Aedes aegypti is the vector responsible for various viruses such as the dengue, Zika, chikungunya, which is distributed in 18 Peruvian departments. These viruses cause similar clinical characteristics in the host and for this reason rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic tests are needed so that the patient can receive timely treatment.
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artículo
Publicado 2023
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Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has become the most important pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections in health systems. It expresses several resistance mechanisms, including the production of β-lactamases, changes in the cell membrane, and the expression of efflux pumps. (2) Methods: A. baumannii was detected by PCR amplification of the blaOXA-51-like gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides was assessed using the broth microdilution technique according to 2018 CLSI guidelines. Efflux pump system activity was assessed by the addition of a phenylalanine–arginine beta-naphthylamide (PAβN) inhibitor. (3) Results: A total of nineteen A. baumannii clinical isolates were included in the study. In an overall analysis, in the presence of PAβN, amikacin susceptibility rates changed from 84.2% to 100%; regarding tobramycin, they changed from 68.4%...
