Pertussis is an infectious disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis. In Peru, actual public health programs indicate that vaccination against B. pertussis must be mandatory and generalized, besides all detected cases must be reported. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of B. pertussis among children under five years of age with a presumptive diagnosis of whopping cough in Cajamarca, a region located in northern Peru.

juana.delvalle@upc.edu.pe

Puesta a punto PCR Multiplex para el diagnóstico de 14 virus respiratorios

jdelvall@upc.edu.pe

Endémica de los valles andinos de Perú, Ecuador y Colombia, la enfermedad de Carrión, si no es tratada, resulta fatal entre el 44% y el 88% de los casos.

Objective: To investigate antiviral activity of maca to reduce viral load in kidney (MDCK) cells infected with influenza type A and B viruses (Flu-A and MFalud-inB-, Dreasrpbeyc ctiavneilny)e. Methods: Maca were extracted with methanol (1:2, v/v). The cell viability and toxicity of the eaxgtariancstts Fwluer-eA e avnaldu aFtleud- oBn v MirDusCeKs cwealsls a usssianyge dm uetshinogd aM TteTs ta sfosar yd. eAtenrtmiviinrainl ga ctthiev itiyn hoifb citoimonp oouf nthdes cytopathic effect on cell culture and multiplex RT-PCR. Results: The methanol extract of maca showed low cytotoxicity and inhibited influenza-induced cytopathic effect significantly, while viral load was reduced via inhibition of viral growth in MDCK infected cells. Maca contains potent inhibitors of Flu-A and Flu-B with a selectivity index [cytotoxic concentration 50%/IC50] of 157.4 and 110.5, respectively. Conclusions: In ...

Objective: To study the presence of Bartonella bacilliformis in ticks collected from two wild mammals in Madre de Dios, Peru. Results: A total of 110 ticks were collected. Among the 43 Amblyomma spp. extracted from the 3 Tapirus terrestris only 3 were positive for B. bacilliformis. In addition, 12 out of the 67 Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus obtained from the 3 Pecari tajacu were positive for B. bacilliformis. For the first time B. bacilliformis have been detected in arthropods other than Lutzomyia spp. Further studies are required to elucidate the possible role of ticks in the spread of South American Bartonellosis.

Objective: Describe the prevalence of Bordetella pertussis via PCR in children under 5 years old hospitalized as probable cases of pertussis and report the most common clinical features among them. Results: A positive PCR result for B. pertussis was observed in 20.5% of our samples (18/88), one-third of them were from infants between 2 and 3 months old. The most common symptoms were paroxysms of coughing (88.9%), difficulty breathing (72.2%), cyanosis (77.8%) and fever (50%). The mother was the most common symptomatic carrier (27.8%), followed by uncles/aunts (22.2%) among children with pertussis.

Background and Objectives: Pertussis is an infectious disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis. In Peru, actual public health programs indicate that vaccination against B. pertussis must be mandatory and generalized, be-sides all detected cases must be reported. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of B. pertussis among children under five years of age with a presumptive diagnosis of whopping cough in Cajamarca, a region located in northern Peru. Materials and Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study were children under 5 years old hospitalized as presumptive cases of pertussis during December 2017 to December 2018. The nasopharyngeal samples were analyzed by real-time PCR for the detection of B. pertussis. Results: B. pertussis was identified as PCR + in 42.3% of our sample (33/78). The clinical presentation that was observed...

Objective: To describe the prevalence of dengue virus serotypes, as well as other viral and bacterial pathogens that cause acute febrile illness during an outbreak in Cajamarca in 2016. Results: Dengue virus (DENV) was the most frequent etiologic agent detected in 25.8% of samples (32/124), followed by Rickettsia spp. in 8.1% (10/124), Zika virus in 4.8% (6/124), Chikungunya virus 2.4% (3/124) and Bartonella bacilliformis 1.6% (2/124) cases. No positive cases were detected of Oropouche virus and Leptospira spp. DENV serotypes identification was only achieved in 23% of the total positive for DENV, two samples for DENV-2 and four samples for DENV-4. During the 2016 outbreak in Cajamarca-Peru, it was observed that in a large percentage of positive samples for DENV, the infecting serotype could not be determined by conventional detection assays. This represents a problem for the national sur...

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.

Objective: To determine the general and genotype-specific prevalence of HPV and to identify potential risk factors for the infection in a population-based screening of Peruvian women. Results: A total of 524 samples were analyzed by PCR and a total of 100 HPV positive samples were found, of which 89 were high-risk, 19 were probably oncogenic, 9 were low-risk and 27 other HPV types. The 26–35 and 36–45 age groups showed the highest proportion of HPV positive samples with a total of 37% (37/100) and 30% (30/100), respectively. Moreover, high-risk HPV was found in 33.7% of both groups and probably oncogenic HPV in 52.6% and 31.6%, respectively. High-risk HPV were the most frequent types identified in the population studied, being HPV-52, HPV-31 and HPV-16 the most commonly detected with 17.6%, 15.7% y 12.9%, respectively. Demographic characteristics and habits were assessed in the studi...

Background: At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus denominated SARS-CoV-2 rapidly spread through the world causing the pandemic coronavirus disease known as COVID-19. The difference in the inflammatory response against SARS-CoV-2 infection among people living at different altitudes is a variable not yet studied. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in two Peruvian cities at different altitudes for comparison: Lima and Huaraz. Five important proinflammatory cytokines were measured including: IL-6, IL-2, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α using ELISA assays. Results: A total of 35 COVID-19 patients and 10 healthy subjects were recruited from each study site. The mean levels of IL-6 (p < 0.03) and TNF-α (p < 0.01) were significantly different among the study groups. In the case of IL-6, patients from Lima had a mean level of 16.2 pg/ml (healthy) and 48.3 pg/ml (COVID-19), mean...

En este curso el alumno basándose en la curiosidad innata del ser humano, adentrará en el conocimiento profundo de la Biología y Bioquímica, a fin de obtener la base necesaria que le permita enfrentar los cursos posteriores que se desarrollarán en los siguientes años de su carrera. El objeto de esta guía es encaminar al alumno, bajo la dirección del Docente, por el mundo biológico desde lo más simple a lo complejo; la guía consta de una parte introductoria, con indicaciones generales a tomar en cuenta en todas las prácticas, y las indicaciones específicas por tema a desarrollar.

En este curso el alumno basándose en la curiosidad innata del ser humano, adentrará en el conocimiento profundo de la Bioquímica, a fin de obtener la base necesaria que le permita enfrentar los cursos posteriores que se desarrollarán en los siguientes años de su carrera. El objeto de esta guía es encaminar al alumno, bajo la dirección del Docente, por el mundo biológico desde lo más simple a lo complejo; la guía consta de una parte introductoria, con indicaciones generales a tomar en cuenta en todas las prácticas, y las indicaciones específicas por tema a desarrollar.

En este curso el alumno basándose en la curiosidad innata del ser humano, adentrará en el conocimiento profundo de la Bioquímica, a fin de obtener la base necesaria que le permita enfrentar los cursos posteriores que se desarrollarán en los siguientes años de su carrera. El objeto de esta guía es encaminar al alumno, bajo la dirección del Docente, por el mundo biológico desde lo más simple a lo complejo; la guía consta de una parte introductoria, con indicaciones generales a tomar en cuenta en todas las prácticas, y las indicaciones específicas por tema a desarrollar.

Caracteriza a nivel epidemiológico molecular cepas de Bartonella bacilliformis en las diferentes fases de la infección (Fiebre, Verruga, Bacteriemia asintomática). Asimismo, tiene como objetivos específicos: Describir la presentación clínica e inmunológica de la enfermedad causada por Bartonella bacilliformis en las diferentes fases de infección, determinar la etiología y caracterizar la presentación fenotípica y epidemiológica, caracterizar los parámetros bioquímicos y hematológicos y finalmente, cuantificar los niveles de anticuerpos específicos para Bartonella bacilliformis

Puesta a punto PCR Multiplex para el diagnóstico de 14 virus respiratorios

Introduction: Bordetella pertussis is an important human pathogen that causes whooping cough (pertussis), an endemic illness responsible of significant morbidity and mortality, especially in infants and children. Worldwide, there are an estimated of 16 million cases of pertussis, resulting in about 195,000 child deaths per year. In Peru, pertussis is a major health problem that has been on the increase despite immunization efforts. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of B. pertussis among children under five years of age suspected to have whopping cough in Cajamarca, Peru. Methodology: Children diagnosed with whooping cough admitted to the Hospital Regional de Cajamarca from August 2010 to July 2013 were included. Nasopharyngeal samples were obtained for B. pertussis culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection. Results: In 133 children, the pertussis tox...

The bacteria Bartonella bacilliformis is the etiological agent of Carrion’s disease, which is a neglected poverty-related disease, affecting Mountain Andean valleys of Peru, Colombia and Ecuador. This disease, in absence of treatment presents a high mortality during the acute phase, called Oroya’s Fever. The second phase is characterized by the development of dermal eruptions, known as “Peruvian wart”. This bacterium is a fastidious slow growing microorganism, being difficult and cumbersome to culture and isolate from clinical sources. Then, the available data about phylogenetic relationship in clinical samples are really scarce, but suggesting high variability. The aim of the study was to perform direct blood analysis of B. bacilliformis Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST), a genotyping tool, in patients with Oroya fever during an outbreak. The present study demonstrate that the ...