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1
artículo
WIMCIT: An in-house development integrated code for neutron analysis in MTR reactors with mixed core
Publicado 2003
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So far, Peruvian nuclear research reactors RP-10 and RP-0 have been operating only with uranium oxide fuel elements (U3O8+Al). In the future RP-10 reactor will operate with mixed cores (U3Si2+Al, U3O8+Al). For this reason the calculus capacity has to be increased in order to be able to handle the new fuel management. Since preparation of nuclear libraries for diffusion calculation requires a significant amount of computational and human resources a new tool that processes libraries generation and diffusion calculations is necessary.
2
informe técnico
Publicado 2015
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Se ha diseñado el reactor rotatorio de lecho móvil no catalítico para la incineración de los residuos sólidos hospitalarios peligrosos. Se presentan los fundamentos de diseño, el análisis de la cinética de las reacciones heterogéneas no catalítica y los criterios correspondientes para el diseño del reactor rotatorio no catalítico de lecho móvil. Para el diseño del reactor se ha empleado el modelo de diseño del reactor de lecho móvil con flujo en contracorriente en forma continua, con cinética del núcleo sin reaccionar, evaluado las variables de diseño del reactor correspondiente. Todo el conjunto de este reactor diseñado consta de: 2 Reactores cilíndricos, uno no catalítico y el otro catalítico con sus quemadores respectivos. Se ha evaluado el impacto de todas las variables que afectan al diseño del reactor, incluyendo materias primas para dar con las condiciones ...
3
artículo
Publicado 2011
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The construction of an electrolytic reactor for its use in a laboratory with the possibility of varying the number of electrodes, simultaneously the volume capacity of the electrolytic, and its application to a gamma of electrosynthesis process, has determined the election of a rectangular model, so in this way it can be defined the operative variables when addressing a specific process. The job requirements were taken into account during the design, which were the operational simplicity, the maintenance reliability, and the faculty to fit easily taking into account all the involved costs. Therefore, the election of a filter press type modular cell will allow increasing the number of electrodes and the capacity as it is required, without changing its dimensions.
4
artículo
Publicado 2011
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The construction of an electrolytic reactor for its use in a laboratory with the possibility of varying the number of electrodes, simultaneously the volume capacity of the electrolytic, and its application to a gamma of electrosynthesis process, has determined the election of a rectangular model, so in this way it can be defined the operative variables when addressing a specific process. The job requirements were taken into account during the design, which were the operational simplicity, the maintenance reliability, and the faculty to fit easily taking into account all the involved costs. Therefore, the election of a filter press type modular cell will allow increasing the number of electrodes and the capacity as it is required, without changing its dimensions.
5
artículo
The purpose of this paper is to optimiza the operation of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. In this kind of processes, besides to maximiza organic matter removal, it is attractive to capture the biogas and to use it to provide energy services. For this purpose, the biogas has to be produced in large quantities. Thus, we have two clear objectives to be achieved: to maximiza both the organic matter removal and the biogas production. Three multiobjective optimization techniques are used to solve this problem. The first optimization approach is multiplex, which is based on the simplex method for single objective optimization. Other used approach is an interior point method, which is proved to be an efficient linear programming technique. Finally, it is applied an evolutionary algorithm, namely the elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA 11), which is considerad...
6
artículo
The purpose of this paper is to optimiza the operation of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. In this kind of processes, besides to maximiza organic matter removal, it is attractive to capture the biogas and to use it to provide energy services. For this purpose, the biogas has to be produced in large quantities. Thus, we have two clear objectives to be achieved: to maximiza both the organic matter removal and the biogas production. Three multiobjective optimization techniques are used to solve this problem. The first optimization approach is multiplex, which is based on the simplex method for single objective optimization. Other used approach is an interior point method, which is proved to be an efficient linear programming technique. Finally, it is applied an evolutionary algorithm, namely the elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA 11), which is considerad...
7
artículo
Publicado 2008
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En el presente trabajo se describe el diseño y construcción de un sistema neumático de transferencia de muestras para su irradiación, en una posición de la grilla del núcleo del reactor, y la aplicación de la técnica de análisis por activación neutrónica. Dicho sistema se ubica en uno de los laboratorios auxiliares y permitirá reducir la exposición del personal a la radiación, así como la automatización del proceso de irradiación. También se presentan los cálculos y pruebas de la estimación del tiempo de recorrido de la muestra encapsulada y los avances en la instalación del sistema.
8
artículo
Publicado 2005
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Los avances tecnológicos alcanzados, específicamente en lo referente a sistemas de control computarizado, están facilitando al ingeniero químico el mejor manejo y control de un mayor número de variables, restricciones y especificaciones que intervienen en un proceso determinado, haciendo que estos sean más eficientes y permitiendo obtener mejores rendimientos sin descuidar la calidad del producto y los niveles de producción requeridos. El sistema de control que se plantea busca mantener el valor de la temperatura deseado para una reacción química de modo que se pueda obtener la mayor conversión posible, ante la presencia de perturbaciones que se dan en el transcurso del proceso asociadas a los flujos y concentraciones de los reactantes, así como del flujo y temperatura del vapor saturado de calentamiento. A partir del modelamiento del proceso que se plantea en este artículo y...
9
artículo
We present here the process of optical axis alignment of the neutrographic system with the optical axis of the neutron beam from window 4 of the nuclear reactor rP-10. This process is done with the aid of a radiographic technique, which facilitates locating the optical axis of the neutron beam in space by a photographic record, thus allowing for later alignment of the neutrograph. The high neutronic absorption coefficient of light chemical elements and the high contrast of materials with similar density are an advantage for applications. The neutrograph has a wide variety of applications, among them: the analysis of nuclear fuels, the detection of hydrogenated and organic materials, the detection of flaws in turbine blades, the detection of corrosion in aircraft components, quality control of ceramic materials, detection of drugs and explosive materials (used in the pyrotechnic and ammun...
10
artículo
Publicado 2013
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The present project in Applied Research has the objective to define the technical specifications of Peruvian Pisco, a traditional drink and patrimony, symbol of Peruvian pride and nationality. The importance of this project lies in the search for a higher standard of quality, composition and production for pisco elaboration in Peru, which is mostly artisanal and low technology. This design also involves obtaining a standardized process for elaboration of the grape liqueur denominated Pisco, with research trials at Prototype Reactor level, the development of a commercial product named Pisco UNI and obtaining an Invention Patent. Through a multidisciplinary group with the participation of professionals from the Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Nacional de San Marcos; UNMSM; the Centro de Innovación de la Vid; CITEvid and Bodega y Viñedos La Caravedo de Ica; the obtained...
11
artículo
Publicado 2011
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This paper is focused on creation a program to simulate the dynamic behavior of a reactor of tank with constant reaction which initials in English it is CSTR (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor), and is considered as a complete mixture and, therefore, it is assumed that their properties are uniform throughout the reactor in which the exothermic reaction takes place of the ethyl acetate saponification with sodium hydroxide. In building the software program used MATLAB and Simulink. For the simulation of the saponification reaction are introduced initial concentrations of ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide, and the constant temperature jacketing system of CSTR reactor. Next, consideration of the user, changes the data set of variables to simulate and observe, through graphs, the concentrations of ethyl acetate, sodium hydroxide, sodium acetate and ethyl alcohol function of time of the process...
12
artículo
Publicado 2011
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El presente trabajo está orientado a la creación de un programa que permita simular el comportamiento dinámico de un reactor de tanque con reacción continua cuyas siglas en inglés es CSTR (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor), y se considera como una mezcla completa y, por lo tanto, se asume que sus propiedades son uniformes en todo el interior del reactor en el cual se desarrolla la reacción exotérmica de la saponificación de acetato de etilo con hidróxido de sodio. En la construcción del programa se emplea el software MATLAB Y Simulink. Para la simulación de la reacción de saponificación se introducen las concentraciones iníciales del acetato de etilo y el hidróxido de sodio, así como la temperatura constante del sistema de enchaquetado del reactor CSTR. Seguidamente, a consideración del usuario, se cambia los datos de las variables enunciadas para simular y observar, medi...
13
artículo
Publicado 2013
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The realization of the photo-electrochemical process consists in percolating the solution to be treated through an electrolytic reactor, in which the anodes coated with metal oxides remains under the effect of ultraviolet radiation (UV). The solution used in this study was contaminated artificially from fecal samples positive for bacteria and intestinal parasites. The evaluation of the process for the disinfection of water was held in photo-electrical-chemical reactor, with a total volume of 10.0 Lper batch system contaminated with human fecal material. It was used as the -1supporting electrolyte solution of sodium perchlorate at 0.1 mol. Land applying a current density -1of 14 mAwith the aid of a source and a flow rate of 250 L.h. The UVradiation was provided by a mercury vapor lamp of 55 Wwithout bulb shield. The center electrode is inserted through a quartz bulb. Samples were analyzed...
14
tesis de grado
Publicado 2021
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La presente investigación consiste en la determinación de eficiencias de dos filtros lentos usando antracita y zeolita como medios filtrantes, los cuales tienen ciertas propiedades para la purificación de aguas residuales, utilizando el efluente del reactor UASB del Centro de Investigación y Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales y Residuos Peligrosos de la Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería (CITRAR-FIA-UNI). Para esto fue necesario realizar la caracterización de los materiales granulares antes de realizar todo el proceso. En el análisis granulométrico de la antracita y zeolita, se encontró diversos tamaños entre 5 mm y 0.10 mm. Durante el análisis de los materiales filtrantes se encontró que la zeolita llega a tener una porosidad aproximada de 52% y la antracita un 41%, resultando ser más porosa la zeolita, lo que le facilita en la retenció...
15
artículo
Publicado 2018
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The current work removed the organic material from an artificial cacao washing effluent using microbial fuel cells coupled with an upflow fixed bed anaerobic reactor and a heterogeneous photocatalyst. Also, the the microbial charge was reduced, avoiding the proliferation of pathogenic micro organisms which interfere with the increase in the biochemical demand for oxygen, biological alteration and the reduction of quality in the bodies of water; at the same time, the generation of energy in volts and amps produced in the RAFA (acronym in Spanish) was measured. For this, the residual water at the entrance, during the process and at the exit was characterized. At the entrance and exit, the DBO5, total dissolved solids, reduction potential, conductivity, pH, temperature and %NaCl were measured; during the process the pH, amperage and voltage were measured. A rem...
16
artículo
Publicado 2000
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In recent years, technologies are being developed to treat acid mine drainage ( AMD ) , rock drainage (ARD ) and other effluents which are causing environmental pollution, both in water and soil . International environmental regulations today are quite demanding , since the current priority is the preservation of the environment. Currently has been developing terminology SBR secuential batch reactor describing a group of variable volume systems for activated sludge treatment , where the processes of sedimentation, aeration and clarification are performed in the same reactor. In the SBR happen sequentially in time different processes of equalization, aeration and clarification. This added to the biomass technology allows treatment of a wide range of metallic and organic compounds. SBR is successfully applied in USA and Canada hundreds of industrial plants. In this context we construct the...
17
artículo
Publicado 2000
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En los últimos años se están desarrollando tecnologías para el tratamiento de drenajes ácidos (AMD), drenaje de rocas (ARD) y otros efluentes que están causando contaminación ambiental, tanto de aguas como de suelos. Las normativas medioambientales internacionales en la actualidad son bastante exigentes, dado que la prioridad actual es la preservación del medio ambiente. Actualmente se ha venido desarrollando la terminología SBR secuential batch reactor que describe un grupo de sistemas de volumen variable para el tratamiento de lodos activados, donde los procesos de sedimentación, aireación y clarificación se realizan en un mismo reactor. En el SBR suceden en forma secuencial en tiempo diferentes procesos de ecualización, aireación y clarificación. Esto sumado a la tecnología de biomasa permite el tratamiento de un gran espectro de compuestos metálicos y orgánicos. SBR...
18
tesis de maestría
The thesis has two purposes: The first one is to build a mathematical model that better approximates (with respect to the mathematical model in [2]) to the behaviour of the wine fermentation process with the addition of certain amount of nitrogen at some instant of time, based in [2]. This mathematical model is described by mean ordinary differential equations including some parameters which will be identified solving some optimization problems. The second purpose of the thesis is to study the improved model but introducing some control variables in order to stabilize in an appropriated sense the corresponding dynamical system of the new model. This is a kind of MIMO nonlinear system control problems and will be solved using the tools in [6].La tesis tiene dos objetivos: El primero es construir un modelo matemático que aproxime mejor (con respecto al modelo matemático en “Modeling th...
19
tesis de maestría
The thesis has two purposes: The first one is to build a mathematical model that better approximates (with respect to the mathematical model in [2]) to the behaviour of the wine fermentation process with the addition of certain amount of nitrogen at some instant of time, based in [2]. This mathematical model is described by mean ordinary differential equations including some parameters which will be identified solving some optimization problems. The second purpose of the thesis is to study the improved model but introducing some control variables in order to stabilize in an appropriated sense the corresponding dynamical system of the new model. This is a kind of MIMO nonlinear system control problems and will be solved using the tools in [6].
20
tesis de grado
Publicado 2024
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La investigación evaluó el comportamiento de la carga orgánica del superficial de un reactor de biopelícula de lecho móvil (MBBR) a escala real para el tratamiento de las aguas residuales de una industria de soluciones parenterales determinando que la variación de la carga orgánica del superficial removida (SARR) está relacionada con la carga orgánica del superficial aplicada (SALR) existiendo una correlación muy fuerte entre ambas variables. La evaluación del MBBR se realizó bajo condiciones aerobias (concentración de oxígeno disuelto de 1.81 a 3.84 mg/L) obteniéndose eficiencias de reducción de la DQO del 46.7% al 80.7%; y para la DQO soluble; del 69% al 88.3%, cuando se aplicaron SALR no mayores a 9.12 gDQO/m2.d y 4.98 gDQOsol/m2.d, y se empleó un portador móvil con área superficial específica de 643 m2/m3, porcentaje de vacíos de 72.85% y tasa de llenado de 45.94...
