Effluent from rock and mine are characterized by their acidity and dissolved metals, are usually natural habitat of bacteria of the genus and able to get energy from oxidative catalysis bacteria widely studied for their importance in the biooxidation of minerals and sulfur compounds , iron , and metal sulfides . The study samples come from the region of Huancavelica nearby mining units Julcani and Salvage ; achieving isolation in 9k modified and FeO solid agar and identified by light microscopy for the presence of oxidizing acidophilic bacteria consortium of liquid media. The comparison of these results was performed by the chain reaction of the polymerase at 98 % probability.

In the processes of dissolution and adsorption of metals, the contribution of bacterial species previously adapted to specific environments, in order to achieve good results are required. In adapting Thiobacillus strains exist various mechanisms and reagents, as is the use of substances containing ideal nutrient media according to the effectiveness to achieve. For this reason we have modified the Middle 9k, with the aim of finding an appropriate means thereby increasing bacterial population isolated from strain Thiobacillus ferrooxidans Mining Salvage Unit, modifying the content of iron sulphate in the substrate and the strict control of pH . These values being 22.4 g / Lt iron sulfate and a pH of 1.8 A working conditions in the first 48 hours consumption of hydrogen protons is generated, which reduces acidity 2.3 - 2.4, with much less effect at low substrate concentrations. The producti...

The construction of an electrolytic reactor for its use in a laboratory with the possibility of varying the number of electrodes, simultaneously the volume capacity of the electrolytic, and its application to a gamma of electrosynthesis process, has determined the election of a rectangular model, so in this way it can be defined the operative variables when addressing a specific process. The job requirements were taken into account during the design, which were the operational simplicity, the maintenance reliability, and the faculty to fit easily taking into account all the involved costs. Therefore, the election of a filter press type modular cell will allow increasing the number of electrodes and the capacity as it is required, without changing its dimensions.

The construction of an electrolytic reactor for its use in a laboratory with the possibility of varying the number of electrodes, simultaneously the volume capacity of the electrolytic, and its application to a gamma of electrosynthesis process, has determined the election of a rectangular model, so in this way it can be defined the operative variables when addressing a specific process. The job requirements were taken into account during the design, which were the operational simplicity, the maintenance reliability, and the faculty to fit easily taking into account all the involved costs. Therefore, the election of a filter press type modular cell will allow increasing the number of electrodes and the capacity as it is required, without changing its dimensions.

Effluent from rock and mine are characterized by their acidity and dissolved metals, are usually natural habitat of bacteria of the genus and able to get energy from oxidative catalysis bacteria widely studied for their importance in the biooxidation of minerals and sulfur compounds , iron , and metal sulfides . The study samples come from the region of Huancavelica nearby mining units Julcani and Salvage ; achieving isolation in 9k modified and FeO solid agar and identified by light microscopy for the presence of oxidizing acidophilic bacteria consortium of liquid media. The comparison of these results was performed by the chain reaction of the polymerase at 98 % probability.

The pre-concentrate of Au-Cu from a gravimetric concentrator FALCON was subjected to different treatment processes in order to separately extract the copper and then the gold, without having success; after some attempts, it was achieved to recover the gold from the correlation of the milling capability and cyanidation, recovering very encouraging tenors through the application of models of milling batch proposed by Magne, Austin and Concha, and for the cyanidation, it was applied the Kinetic Nucleus Recessive Model with the following offered configuration: 1 -2α/3 – (1-α)2/3= 3.30*10-10(0.015 + 0.0006TM) *(TM)5.5124*t The concentrate sample with around 10 Oz. of gold per ton and 2.50% of copper, tested in a milling to 96% - 200 nets and leached with 0.4% of cyanide for 70 hours obtained recoveries higher than 95%, with an average consumption of 46 Kg. of cyanide per ton of mineral.

The pre-concentrate of Au-Cu from a gravimetric concentrator FALCON was subjected to different treatment processes in order to separately extract the copper and then the gold, without having success; after some attempts, it was achieved to recover the gold from the correlation of the milling capability and cyanidation, recovering very encouraging tenors through the application of models of milling batch proposed by Magne, Austin and Concha, and for the cyanidation, it was applied the Kinetic Nucleus Recessive Model with the following offered configuration: 1 -2α/3 – (1-α)2/3= 3.30*10-10(0.015 + 0.0006TM) *(TM)5.5124*t The concentrate sample with around 10 Oz. of gold per ton and 2.50% of copper, tested in a milling to 96% - 200 nets and leached with 0.4% of cyanide for 70 hours obtained recoveries higher than 95%, with an average consumption of 46 Kg. of cyanide per ton of mineral.

En los últimos años se están desarrollando tecnologías para el tratamiento de drenajes ácidos (AMD), drenaje de rocas (ARD) y otros efluentes que están causando contaminación ambiental, tanto de aguas como de suelos. Las normativas medioambientales internacionales en la actualidad son bastante exigentes, dado que la prioridad actual es la preservación del medio ambiente. Actualmente se ha venido desarrollando la terminología SBR secuential batch reactor que describe un grupo de sistemas de volumen variable para el tratamiento de lodos activados, donde los procesos de sedimentación, aireación y clarificación se realizan en un mismo reactor. En el SBR suceden en forma secuencial en tiempo diferentes procesos de ecualización, aireación y clarificación. Esto sumado a la tecnología de biomasa permite el tratamiento de un gran espectro de compuestos metálicos y orgánicos. SBR...

In recent years, technologies are being developed to treat acid mine drainage ( AMD ) , rock drainage (ARD ) and other effluents which are causing environmental pollution, both in water and soil . International environmental regulations today are quite demanding , since the current priority is the preservation of the environment. Currently has been developing terminology SBR secuential batch reactor describing a group of variable volume systems for activated sludge treatment , where the processes of sedimentation, aeration and clarification are performed in the same reactor. In the SBR happen sequentially in time different processes of equalization, aeration and clarification. This added to the biomass technology allows treatment of a wide range of metallic and organic compounds. SBR is successfully applied in USA and Canada hundreds of industrial plants. In this context we construct the...

En el presente trabajo mostramos las investigaciones pirometalúrgicas desarrolladas en la Escuela de Ingeniería Metalúrgica de la UNMSM, con la finalidad de encontrar reacciones de tostación sólido – sólido sin emisión de gases (TSEG), para adecuarnos a las normas ambientales prevalecientes en el país. El Ministerio del Ambiente está implementando la metodología (RETC) para estimar las emisiones en la industria no ferrosa, para lo cual la tostación sin emisión gaseosa sería una de las estrategias para abatir el SO2. En ese sentido se ha logrado el modelamiento de las condiciones de tostación (TSEG), en función de la temperatura, lo cual nos permitirá hacer distintas simulaciones para minimizar las emisiones fugitivas del SO2.

En el presente trabajo mostramos las investigaciones pirometalúrgicas desarrolladas en la Escuela de Ingeniería Metalúrgica de la UNMSM, con la finalidad de encontrar reacciones de tostación sólido – sólido sin emisión de gases (TSEG), para adecuarnos a las normas ambientales prevalecientes en el país. El Ministerio del Ambiente está implementando la metodología (RETC) para estimar las emisiones en la industria no ferrosa, para lo cual la tostación sin emisión gaseosa sería una de las estrategias para abatir el SO2. En ese sentido se ha logrado el modelamiento de las condiciones de tostación (TSEG), en función de la temperatura, lo cual nos permitirá hacer distintas simulaciones para minimizar las emisiones fugitivas del SO2.

At the beginning of the new millennium, the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, aware of its mission to transmit environmental knowledge, organized a mega-event for World Earth Day (April 22 to 27, 2001) through the Faculty Research Institute. of Geological, Mining, Metallurgical and Geographical Engineering, thus initiating the environmental efforts that are being developed in Peru. Thanks to this event, an evaluation of national environmental management was made, a work to which many companies and institutions joined and renewed their commitment to develop an environmental policy for the sustainable development of our country.

At the beginning of the new millennium, the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, aware of its mission to transmit environmental knowledge, organized a mega-event for World Earth Day (April 22 to 27, 2001) through the Faculty Research Institute. of Geological, Mining, Metallurgical and Geographical Engineering, thus initiating the environmental efforts that are being developed in Peru. Thanks to this event, an evaluation of national environmental management was made, a work to which many companies and institutions joined and renewed their commitment to develop an environmental policy for the sustainable development of our country.

El estudio muestra la caracterización mineralógica y física de los productos obtenidos durante el proceso de Reducción Carbotérmica (RC) de la molibdenita (MoS2). Los resultados mineralógicos del concentrado de molibdenita indican también la presencia de bornita, calcopirita y calcosita. El grado de liberación de la molibdenita resulta ser tan solo de 87.3%, mientras que el restante (12.7%) se encuentra entrelazado. Se encontró que a 900ºC se produce mejor reacción con la relación molar MoS2: C: CaO formándose otras fases cristalinas como CaMoO4, CaSO4, Ca(CO)3 y CaO aparte de la fase CaS, que se esperaba. Además, se observó que el incremento de la temperatura y disminución del tamaño de la partícula mejoran la cinética de reducción carbotérmica de la molibdenita.

El estudio muestra la caracterización mineralógica y física de los productos obtenidos durante el proceso de Reducción Carbotérmica (RC) de la molibdenita (MoS2). Los resultados mineralógicos del concentrado de molibdenita indican también la presencia de bornita, calcopirita y calcosita. El grado de liberación de la molibdenita resulta ser tan solo de 87.3%, mientras que el restante (12.7%) se encuentra entrelazado. Se encontró que a 900ºC se produce mejor reacción con la relación molar MoS2: C: CaO formándose otras fases cristalinas como CaMoO4, CaSO4, Ca(CO)3 y CaO aparte de la fase CaS, que se esperaba. Además, se observó que el incremento de la temperatura y disminución del tamaño de la partícula mejoran la cinética de reducción carbotérmica de la molibdenita.

The Institute of Investigation magazine IIGEO, from the beginning, is dealing with relevant subjects in mining, the environment and sustainable development. Its incorporation as virtual magazine into the system of libraries (SISBIB) allowed to spread it over a large number of visitors. Subsequently, the magazine was entered into the Indexed Bases like LATINDEC and SCIELO PERU, achieving a major virtual presence in internet. In recent years, we worked for sharing OJS Base (Open Journal System). This initiative is promoted by the UNMSM Vice Rector of investigation in order to incorporate the university institutes of investigationpublications. IIGEO is considered among the best UNMSM virtual magazines like Annals of Medicine (Anales de Medicina), Biological Peruvian Magazine (Revista Peruana de Biología) and Peruvian Investigations of Veterinary Magazine (Revista de Investigaciones Peruana...

Over the last years, using phenomena models in interpreting and designing of software in metallurgical processes has been increasing. In this present research, a series of experimental test with polymetallic minerals is shown, which have been submitted to Flotation, Filtration, Leaching and Sedimentation processes. Mathematic modelling of such processes is shown, as well as the processing and simulation of the experimental data through the respective models. It is intended to contrast them with data from metallurgical plants for their respective validations. All these results will be used for a better planning and control of industrial variables in a concentrating plant.

Over the last years, using phenomena models in interpreting and designing of software in metallurgical processes has been increasing. In this present research, a series of experimental test with polymetallic minerals is shown, which have been submitted to Flotation, Filtration, Leaching and Sedimentation processes. Mathematic modelling of such processes is shown, as well as the processing and simulation of the experimental data through the respective models. It is intended to contrast them with data from metallurgical plants for their respective validations. All these results will be used for a better planning and control of industrial variables in a concentrating plant.

The Institute of Investigation magazine IIGEO, from the beginning, is dealing with relevant subjects in mining, the environment and sustainable development. Its incorporation as virtual magazine into the system of libraries (SISBIB) allowed to spread it over a large number of visitors. Subsequently, the magazine was entered into the Indexed Bases like LATINDEC and SCIELO PERU, achieving a major virtual presence in internet. In recent years, we worked for sharing OJS Base (Open Journal System). This initiative is promoted by the UNMSM Vice Rector of investigation in order to incorporate the university institutes of investigationpublications. IIGEO is considered among the best UNMSM virtual magazines like Annals of Medicine (Anales de Medicina), Biological Peruvian Magazine (Revista Peruana de Biología) and Peruvian Investigations of Veterinary Magazine (Revista de Investigaciones Peruana...

Mining is a productive activity based on the rational utilization of non-renewable natural resources. Avizorándose that many mining countries may not base its development with the extraction of raw materials, which must design new strategies for development. Mining has always been regarded as a positive scenario for the market, the strong global demand for metals (copper, zinc, nickel, iron and others), mainly generated by the dynamics of Asian countries –led mainly by China– have allowed have high values of prices never seen in history. The current investigation shows evidence of leaching minerals saline sulfur quite successfully it allows us to infer that the halophilic bacteria play an important role in the dissolution of minerals and could also be taken to account as bio-indicators in the environmental remediation work.