At the beginning of the new millennium, the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, aware of its mission to transmit environmental knowledge, organized a mega-event for World Earth Day (April 22 to 27, 2001) through the Faculty Research Institute. of Geological, Mining, Metallurgical and Geographical Engineering, thus initiating the environmental efforts that are being developed in Peru. Thanks to this event, an evaluation of national environmental management was made, a work to which many companies and institutions joined and renewed their commitment to develop an environmental policy for the sustainable development of our country.

                          1947/5000       The National University of San Marcos has incorporated in its strategic plan the environmental commitment, in the mission and vision mention is made of the commitment of the students to the environment. Accreditation encourages us to take into account the environmental dimension. The Professional Schools also consider the environmental theme in their study plan; the lines of research consider the environmental and climate change variables; while, the Postgraduate Units have their diplomas, master's degrees and doctorates in solving environmental problems. The incorporation of the environmental theme is growing and has great interest on the part of the university community. The climate change and risk management office coordinates and fosters the training and formation...

In the present work the revision, deduction and application of mathematical models in the quantification of the reaction kinetics of leaching processes of national sulphided minerals in chemical systems is made. The interaction between the mineral particles and the leaching solution is controlled by three possible mechanisms: by chemical reaction, by diffusion through the porous bed and by mass transfer; Each mechanism has its own mathematical modeling and parametric conditions. Experimental runs of leaching of gold and copper minerals are presented, in which their kinetic control equations of the most relevant variables are shown. Other empirical models are also shown that are used to elucidate the phenomenology of the leaching of mineral species, call chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena.

A selection of hydrometallurgical applications are shown in the processing of sulfur concentrates, being influenced by environmental regulations; being known as clean technologies. The hydrometallurgy technology of leaching, solvent extraction and electrodeposition is described, as well as a series of current investigations to avoid the production of SO2 through the LIX-SX-EW hydrometallurgical route; as well as solid waste management with arsenic content, for safe storage.

The present presentation tries to show an application of the model «Intelect» to the measurement of the Intellectual Capital in the context of the activities of investigation of the Institute of Investigation IIGEO of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. The mentioned model makes a balance of the intangible elements that has the organization, presenting a process of identification, selection and measurement of assets of systematic way, based on the three capitals (human, structural and relational), making emphasis in its interactivity and evolutionary capacity. Some significant indicators of each capital involved in the model are quantified, which indicates their evolution to us in the time and an analysis of the results to raise necessary corrective measures for the continuous improvement of the management of the knowledge that is developed in the IIGEO.

The present presentation tries to show an application of the model «Intelect» to the measurement of the Intellectual Capital in the context of the activities of investigation of the Institute of Investigation IIGEO of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. The mentioned model makes a balance of the intangible elements that has the organization, presenting a process of identification, selection and measurement of assets of systematic way, based on the three capitals (human, structural and relational), making emphasis in its interactivity and evolutionary capacity. Some significant indicators of each capital involved in the model are quantified, which indicates their evolution to us in the time and an analysis of the results to raise necessary corrective measures for the continuous improvement of the management of the knowledge that is developed in the IIGEO.

In the present work the revision, deduction and application of mathematical models in the quantification of the reaction kinetics of leaching processes of national sulphided minerals in chemical systems is made. The interaction between the mineral particles and the leaching solution is controlled by three possible mechanisms: by chemical reaction, by diffusion through the porous bed and by mass transfer; Each mechanism has its own mathematical modeling and parametric conditions. Experimental runs of leaching of gold and copper minerals are presented, in which their kinetic control equations of the most relevant variables are shown. Other empirical models are also shown that are used to elucidate the phenomenology of the leaching of mineral species, call chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena.

A selection of hydrometallurgical applications are shown in the processing of sulfur concentrates, being influenced by environmental regulations; being known as clean technologies. The hydrometallurgy technology of leaching, solvent extraction and electrodeposition is described, as well as a series of current investigations to avoid the production of SO2 through the LIX-SX-EW hydrometallurgical route; as well as solid waste management with arsenic content, for safe storage.

At the beginning of the new millennium, the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, aware of its mission to transmit environmental knowledge, organized a mega-event for World Earth Day (April 22 to 27, 2001) through the Faculty Research Institute. of Geological, Mining, Metallurgical and Geographical Engineering, thus initiating the environmental efforts that are being developed in Peru. Thanks to this event, an evaluation of national environmental management was made, a work to which many companies and institutions joined and renewed their commitment to develop an environmental policy for the sustainable development of our country.

La Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos tiene incorporado en su plan estratégico el compromiso ambiental, en la misión y visión se hace mención al compromiso de los alumnos con el medio ambiente. La acreditación nos impulsa a tomar en cuenta la dimensión ambiental. Las Escuelas Profesionales también consideran en su plan de estudios la temática ambiental; las líneas de investigación consideran las variables ambientales y de cambio climático; mientras que, las Unidades de Posgrado cuentan con sus diplomados, maestrías y doctorados en la resolución de la problemática ambiental. La incorporación de la temática ambiental es creciente y tiene gran interés por parte de la comunidad universitaria. Desde la oficina de cambios climáticos y gestión de riesgos se coordina y propicia la capacitación y formación del capital humano, tanto de estudiantes como docentes en la tem...

Estudia la sedimentación desde el punto de vista fenomenológico, apelando a la mecánica del medio continuo [53, 54, 67] para integrar las variables de campo, mediante las ecuaciones de balance de masa y momentum, obteniendo una expresión generalizada para el proceso de sedimentación dinámica, y a partir de ella particularizar el proceso de sedimentación cinemático, tanto para el caso batch y el continuo. La solución analítica que encuentra constituye un nuevo método de solución al problema de sedimentación cinemática y dinámica estudiado extensivamente por varios investigadores [1,2, 3, 7, 15, 20] en las últimas décadas. Aquí aplicando la técnica Euleriana de separación de variables a las Ecuaciones Diferenciales Parciales generadas [19, 76], ha sido posible obtener expresiones que permitan reproducir los datos experimentales de sedimentación de diversas fuentes. Se ...

Se hace un seguimiento del Zinc, desde su extracción metalífera, hasta su lanzamiento en Moldes al mercado, pero incidiendo con mayor énfasis, en los que se refiere al proceso electrolítico del Zinc, que tiene su marco operacional, en la moderna Refinería de Cajarmaquilla. Dicho énfasis se basa en una auscultación profunda de los parámetros gravitantes que describen el proceso en sí, para ellos se apela a las funciones de transferencia de predicción histórica, a las correlaciones empíricas, de las cuales son correlaciones óptimas, diagramas de flujo, gráficos, listados computacionales y las novedosas sábanas Electrolíticas. En todos los cálculos se apela a los alcances computacionales sea el computador digital PDP-IVO 3 SYSTEM, ora POCKET COMPUTER SHARP, model PC-1211, ora sea el CASIO FX-2 OLP, constituyéndose un aparte significativo en lo que respecta al proceso elect...

El Modelo MgNaTecS como parte del proceso tecnológico innovativo y emprendimiento comercial inserta a nuestro país en el marco mundial de la producción del magnesio, sus productos y aleaciones. Estudios geológicos demuestran la existencia de yacimientos que contienen minerales de magnesio (calizas dolomíticas) en varias regiones; así como Huánuco, Junín, Ayacucho, Apurímac, Huancavelica, Ica, Piura, Trujillo, entre otros, como reservas probables de materias primas para el presente estudio. Se plantea el Número Adimensional (DL1) para la operacionalización de las variables de caracterización de las materias primas dolomíticas, que en la prueba de Hipótesis N°1 muestra buena correlación (r2 = 0.9588), que al contrastarlas con materias primas a nivel nacional e internacional están dentro de los controles adecuados para su posterior procesamiento. Se plantea el Número Adime...

Deaths due to occupational accidents have motivated organizations to implement occupational health and safety management systems as a measure to prevent the occurrence of accidents. This research proposes that the implementation of a management system generates large volumes of information and commitments that require timely attention, therefore, to achieve better results, effective tools are needed to manage information, in that sense, a computer application developed for a web environment was implemented in the process of control of safety, occupational health and environment, then through interviews with those responsible for the process, describe the effects and perceptions on results of the use of office automation tools and web application. For this purpose, the research was carried out at a descriptive level, qualitative approach, non-experimental, cross-sectional design. The rese...

The objective of this research is to develop a geometallurgical model for mining exploration integrating geological, geochemical, and metallurgical information of an area with mining potential located in the province of Imbabura in the NW of Ecuador. The statistical processing of the geochemical dataset made up of 37 elements from 448 fluvial sediment samples was carried out by applying the compositional analysis technique with the clr and ilr log-ratio transformations using the CodaPack software, and four multi-elemental associations were defined: pathfinders of Cu-Au porphyries, Au-Ag vein pathfinders, and harmful elements in the metallurgical processes of flotation and leaching, respectively. Likewise, through the geostatistical evaluation and the estimation of the ordinary kriging, the geochemical anomaly maps were obtained for each multielemental association; Consequently, the anoma...

The Companies do not have a way to measure the sustainability of the water management that they apply in their activities. Therefore, they do not have a horizon for the continuous improvement of said management. The MOSOGHI Model proposes an alternative solution to this problem. This Model organized with ethical principles proposed by UNESCO in Istanbul in 2009 and sustainability indicators for Water Management, facilitates such measurement. Through a documentary analysis, the application of the principles of ethics and the RUFOI system, sustainability indicators for Water Management are obtained. By using mathematical and statistical formulas, the degree of sustainability is obtained based on indicators and indices. By weighing the sustainability indicators and indices, we determine the Sustainability Degree with which Water Management is evaluated. As they are mathematical and statisti...

The objective of this research was to reduce the levels of risks to which the drilling master miner and the drilling assistant miner are exposed using Jackleg pneumatic machines in underground mining, it contributes to applicate the controls associated with the planning, execution, monitoring and improvement of this activity, to achieve safety and healthy workplaces. The research is descriptive and explanatory, and the methodology implements the observation of drilling fronts activity in underground mining. The research was developed in Compañía Minera Castrovirreyna S.A. The results obtained show that who work in drilling fronts with Jackleg pneumatic machines are mainly exposed to the following risks: rock falls, hand-arm vibrations, falls to the same level, material impact, entrapment by moving parts and knock down by moving equipment. The application of the proposed controls for th...

The sample of tailings evaluated in this study belongs to a concentrator plant in the Arequipa region, which has a capacity of 430 TMD, which processes gold ore from artisanal mining. The benefit of these types of minerals is carried out through the cyanidation process, coal in pulp, desorption and refinery. The objective of the research is to evaluate the technical viability of the application of a centrifugal-gravimetric concentrator called Falcon C, whose purpose is to concentrate the gold that was not recovered in the previous stages and in this way take advantage of the metallic values found in said tailings. The reflected light optical microscopy study of the sample determined the presence of minerals such as chalcopyrite, type I sphalerite, galena, pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, hematite and gangues, a scanning electron microscopy study was also carried out, it has been possibl...

Acid leaching is a processing alternative to improve the recovery of gold from gold ores made up of pyrite and arsenopyrite called refractory minerals, the gold contained in this type of ore is hardly soluble by conventional processes, the mineral investigated is the tailings of a process of direct cyanidation, it has a law of 0.14 Oz/TC; the mineralogical characterization carried out on this mineral shows that the gold particles are less than 5 microns and that it is associated with arsenopyrite and pyrite; both species represent 46.30 % of the total volume.The acid solution is composed of 0.1 M sulfuric acid, 0.4 M potassium nitrate and 0.6 M sodium chloride, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) reacts with potassium nitrate (KNO3) to form nitric acid (HNO3) and it reacts with sodium chloride (NaCl) to form nitrosyl chloride, which is a component of aqua regia, (NOCl) the latter is a powerful gold le...

The correlactionship of bacterial population and oxidation-reduction potential in the bioleaching of sulfuric minerals by bacterial strain of Aciditiobacilus Ferrooxidans isolated from acid mine effluent was studied. The solubilization of copper and gold release from a mineral with sulphides exceeding 80% was evaluated. The experimental variables were: Pulp density at 1, 2 and 6% (W/V), concentration of ferrous sulfate as part of the 9k medium of 0, 3, 6, 9 and 15 gr/L.; maintaining constant temperature and pH. The tests were carried out in three consecutive stages, starting with inoculum containing 7.05x107 Cell/mL and then the one obtained in each previous stage, observing the variation in the periods of adaptation and growth. In the first stage the maximum bacterial density reached in 24 days was 4.75x107 Cell/mL with 6 g/L of ferrous sulfate. In the second stage a maximum density of ...