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1
artículo
The study sample is a refractory ore with an average grade of 19.31 g/TM provided by artisanal miners in the area and Yanga from the province of Canta, Lima. The mineralogy of the sample showed the presence of the following minerals: Gold, Chalcopyrite, covellite, chalcocite, sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, magnetite, hematite, goethite, rutile and bargains as photos indicate 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. The minerals found in larger volumes are bargains, Pyrite and Chalcopyrite in photo 6 are interlaced with gold particles chalcopyrite and pyrite, with the larger size of 17 microns of gold. In the first phase were carried out metallurgical testing with the hub centrifugal Knelson with 5 kg of sample, gravitational force of 60 G’s and water pressure of 3 psi, for different particle sizes as 52.25%, 60.66%, 67.13% and 74.64% - 200 mesh. The metallurgical balances indicate that the best test is...
2
artículo
The study sample is a refractory ore with an average grade of 19.31 g/TM provided by artisanal miners in the area and Yanga from the province of Canta, Lima. The mineralogy of the sample showed the presence of the following minerals: Gold, Chalcopyrite, covellite, chalcocite, sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, magnetite, hematite, goethite, rutile and bargains as photos indicate 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. The minerals found in larger volumes are bargains, Pyrite and Chalcopyrite in photo 6 are interlaced with gold particles chalcopyrite and pyrite, with the larger size of 17 microns of gold. In the first phase were carried out metallurgical testing with the hub centrifugal Knelson with 5 kg of sample, gravitational force of 60 G’s and water pressure of 3 psi, for different particle sizes as 52.25%, 60.66%, 67.13% and 74.64% - 200 mesh. The metallurgical balances indicate that the best test is...
3
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Mineragraphic studies allowed selecting the most suitable metallurgical process for optimal gold recovery, whose characterization both microscopic and macroscopic, allowed to undergo metallurgical tests on grinding, bottle cyanidation, centrifugal concentration, rougher flotation. As a result of these metallurgical tests on the base mineral, it allowed a 94.48% recovery in selective flotation with a blending of 36% Inkaracay vein and 64% Mina Sanca 2 vein.
4
artículo
The need to develop and know methods for metallurgical treatment to process gold-bearing refractory minerals or hard to treat be- cause of carbon contents, tellurium, antimony, arsenic, carbonates and gold in solution solid sulfides, forces us to study the different methods of specific oxidation that should be applied in each mineral before to leach ore to reach high recoveries into precious metals Through Gravimetrically followed by cyanidation is obtained 94.74% of gold extract in the studied mineral.
5
artículo
The need to develop and know methods for metallurgical treatment to process gold-bearing refractory minerals or hard to treat be- cause of carbon contents, tellurium, antimony, arsenic, carbonates and gold in solution solid sulfides, forces us to study the different methods of specific oxidation that should be applied in each mineral before to leach ore to reach high recoveries into precious metals Through Gravimetrically followed by cyanidation is obtained 94.74% of gold extract in the studied mineral.
6
artículo
Publicado 2013
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Peru, which is a rich country in amount of ores and gold reserves, moreover; it has an attractive minerals sector to the world and of great importance in national economic development. However, in the metallurgy of gold ores, there are minerals called refractory or complex, where free fine gold is trapped or associated with sulfides (pyrite and arsenopyrite), this problem can be seen in the concentrator Tamboraque, which uses inefficient conventional metallurgical processes and of high operating costs. Hence, the present research found an alternative treatment for this type of complex mineral, consisting in a total flotation in a first stage and then a special differential flotation in the second stage, obtaining as a result a reduction of 76.82 % treatmentvolume, 78.31 % the consumption of reagents, 63.64 % presence of toxic reactive in general tailings, 55.85 % and 55.04...
7
artículo
This research aims to explore possible solutions to the problems presented in auriferous sulfide minerals , which have cianicidas by metals ( Gold companions ) can not be cyanide by high reagent consumption , which makes the process uneconomical . Also be a problem hitting the small domestic mining sites that have these features that can not be traded concentrates by high penalties imposed on them , then creating a social problem that should be taken into account. At the experimental level by testing and subsequent acid leach cyanidation seek to find a process that allows for adequate separation of gold copper and other species also have high technical and economic efficiency. Exploratory tests shown indicate the feasibility of finding the right process for the investigated mineral content has Gold , chalcopyrite , malachite , magnetite , hematite , goethite , covellite , chalcocite , an...
8
artículo
This research aims to explore possible solutions to the problems presented in auriferous sulfide minerals , which have cianicidas by metals ( Gold companions ) can not be cyanide by high reagent consumption , which makes the process uneconomical . Also be a problem hitting the small domestic mining sites that have these features that can not be traded concentrates by high penalties imposed on them , then creating a social problem that should be taken into account. At the experimental level by testing and subsequent acid leach cyanidation seek to find a process that allows for adequate separation of gold copper and other species also have high technical and economic efficiency. Exploratory tests shown indicate the feasibility of finding the right process for the investigated mineral content has Gold , chalcopyrite , malachite , magnetite , hematite , goethite , covellite , chalcocite , an...
9
artículo
Publicado 2003
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The sample that is the subject of study is a concentrate mainly of gold pyrite, product of the flotation process, from Empresa Minera Aurífera Calpa S.A. The characterization of the concentrate in the UNMSM polarized light microscope shows the presence of pyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, electrum, marcasite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, rutile and gangue. In the polished briquette corresponding to the +100 mesh, the presence of electrum has been observed. In the scanning electron microscope at the University, the presence of gold particles has been observed, even in pyrite; Said particles have sizes smaller than 200 nanometers, particles of gold and silver telluride intertwined with the electrum are also observed, whose particles have sizes smaller than 2 microns. These characteristics make the concentrate refractory to conventional treatment by the cyanidation process, which constitutes ...
10
artículo
Publicado 2003
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In the present work the revision, deduction and application of mathematical models in the quantification of the reaction kinetics of leaching processes of national sulphided minerals in chemical systems is made. The interaction between the mineral particles and the leaching solution is controlled by three possible mechanisms: by chemical reaction, by diffusion through the porous bed and by mass transfer; Each mechanism has its own mathematical modeling and parametric conditions. Experimental runs of leaching of gold and copper minerals are presented, in which their kinetic control equations of the most relevant variables are shown. Other empirical models are also shown that are used to elucidate the phenomenology of the leaching of mineral species, call chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena.
11
artículo
Publicado 2003
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In the present work the revision, deduction and application of mathematical models in the quantification of the reaction kinetics of leaching processes of national sulphided minerals in chemical systems is made. The interaction between the mineral particles and the leaching solution is controlled by three possible mechanisms: by chemical reaction, by diffusion through the porous bed and by mass transfer; Each mechanism has its own mathematical modeling and parametric conditions. Experimental runs of leaching of gold and copper minerals are presented, in which their kinetic control equations of the most relevant variables are shown. Other empirical models are also shown that are used to elucidate the phenomenology of the leaching of mineral species, call chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena.
12
artículo
Publicado 2002
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The work of leaching is developed in Fewer, Concentrated and Refractory Material (sulfured), in pulp or particles (agitation or piles) to ambient temperature in advance of maximum leaching of twelve hours, using like half lixiviante the acid sulfuric concentrate added salts oxidizers like the chlorides and nitrate of sodium or ammonium nitrate in different proportions. The results obtained regarding the recovery of gold reach 98%. If the gold is encapsulated in the quartz or auriferous sand, fluoride of sodium will be added (never to use the calcium, because it forms plaster that hinders the process) with the purpose of dissolving the quartz, it doesn’t dissolve neither complex form with the gold, it is also good to leave in you liberate noble metals as the titanium, platinum, talio, germanium, etc., those which then are recovered with the means lixiviante to which I have denominated S...
13
artículo
Publicado 2002
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The work of leaching is developed in Fewer, Concentrated and Refractory Material (sulfured), in pulp or particles (agitation or piles) to ambient temperature in advance of maximum leaching of twelve hours, using like half lixiviante the acid sulfuric concentrate added salts oxidizers like the chlorides and nitrate of sodium or ammonium nitrate in different proportions. The results obtained regarding the recovery of gold reach 98%. If the gold is encapsulated in the quartz or auriferous sand, fluoride of sodium will be added (never to use the calcium, because it forms plaster that hinders the process) with the purpose of dissolving the quartz, it doesn’t dissolve neither complex form with the gold, it is also good to leave in you liberate noble metals as the titanium, platinum, talio, germanium, etc., those which then are recovered with the means lixiviante to which I have denominated S...
14
artículo
Publicado 2022
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The objective of this work is the design of a prototype of a pneumatic centrifugal concentrator that allows small-scale mining that takes place in desert and isolated places, to process ultrafine gold minerals in situ, cleanly, without the use of water and chemical reagents. A mathematical model based on the physico-phenomenological analysis of the differential sedimentation separation mechanism was applied in a film of laminar flow fluid, to determine the particle trajectory inside the bowl of the centrifugal concentrator as a function of the variables of bowl geometry, operating variables and physical characteristics of the particle and fluid. The simulations carried out showed a remarkable effect of the use of air instead of water on the trajectory of the particles within the fluid film. The results also showed that the capacity of the concentrator for the separation of particles by d...
15
artículo
Publicado 2023
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This work describes the isolation and selection of bacterial strains of the genus Pseudomonas in Cetrimide, Acetamide and King B Agar media, from effluents of the leaching process and from the tailings deposit of the gold ore processing plant, Caraveli - Arequipa. Subsequently, the adaptation was made in Modified Mineral Medium (M9M), to different concentrations of sodium cyanide, to evaluate the tolerance and degradation of the CN- radical. The results of sowing in different nutrient media allowed us to observe changes in coloration with a change from clear to intense red in Acetamide Medium and from clear to fluorescent green in King B Agar Medium, revealing the presence of P. pseudoalcaligenes bacteria. Similarly, during the adaptation process of a strain whose initial cell population was 2.0E+06 CFU/mL, in media supplemented with 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm of Free Cyanide, at the ...
16
artículo
Publicado 2012
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The research in the laboratory was made operating variables (reactant concentration, pH and oxidation potential) of pyrite leaching gold from river Tablachaca (Ancash Peru) with thiourea (TU) followed by electro-deposition of gold. The experimental study was conducted in three stages: Oxidation of thiourea leaching of gold and gold electroplating. As an alternative to chemical agents, TU oxidation via electrolysis was conducted to obtain formamidine disulphide (FDS), which serves as an oxidizer in the dissolution of gold. The optimum degree of conversion of formamidine disulfide thiourea in 2.5 h was obtained by applying a FEM of 4.5 V with a pH of 1.5. The anodic and cathodic compartments of the electrochemical reactor were separated by an anion membrane with the purpose of eliminating undesired reactions at the cathode. Prior to the leaching step, the mineral was washed with sul...
17
artículo
Publicado 2012
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The research in the laboratory was made operating variables (reactant concentration, pH and oxidation potential) of pyrite leaching gold from river Tablachaca (Ancash Peru) with thiourea (TU) followed by electro-deposition of gold. The experimental study was conducted in three stages: Oxidation of thiourea leaching of gold and gold electroplating. As an alternative to chemical agents, TU oxidation via electrolysis was conducted to obtain formamidine disulphide (FDS), which serves as an oxidizer in the dissolution of gold. The optimum degree of conversion of formamidine disulfide thiourea in 2.5 h was obtained by applying a FEM of 4.5 V with a pH of 1.5. The anodic and cathodic compartments of the electrochemical reactor were separated by an anion membrane with the purpose of eliminating undesired reactions at the cathode. Prior to the leaching step, the mineral was washed with sul...
18
artículo
Publicado 2022
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The present research study demonstrates that the recovery of gold and zinc in gold-containing marmatitic zinc ores is feasible. The recovery of these metals was analyzed by factorial experimental designs, using the reagents: CuSO4, AR-3418 and AR-1242 as independent variables, while all other variables remained constant. As a result of the research, a mathematical model was obtained for the recovery of gold and zinc, performing the adjusted factorial design analysis, as indicated: Recovery of gold (Au) = 83.40+ 0.00600 CuSO4 + 0.110 AR-3418 + 0.035 AR-1242 + 0.000313 CuSO4 * AR 3418+ 0.000275 CuSO4 * AR-1242- 0.00800 AR-3418 * AR-1242 - 0.000011 CuSO4 * AR-3418 * AR-1242. Likewise, the recovery of zinc (Zn) = 73.14 + 0.0100 CuSO4 + 0.132 AR-3418 + 0.051 AR-1242 + 0.000164 CuSO4 * AR-3418 + 0.000131 CuSO4 * AR-1242 - 0.00811 AR-3418 * AR-1242 - 0.000004 CuSO4 * AR-3418 * AR-1242.
19
tesis de grado
Publicado 2022
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La presente investigación se realizó con la finalidad de implementar un programa de conservación auditiva (PCA.) a partir de los resultados obtenidos de la evaluación de los niveles de ruido (NR) a los que se encuentran expuestos los trabajadores (ET) de la planta de procesamiento (PP) de mineral de la empresa Gold Processing & Research Group S.A.C. (GPR Group S.A.C.). El estudio consistió en realizar una auditoría inicial aplicando el Anexo B de la guía de diseño de la NIOSH, para realizar un diagnóstico inicial de las medidas que adopta la empresa para conservar la audición (CA.), teniendo como resultado que, de todos los ítems evaluados, el 76% no cumple, el 17 % no aplica, y sólo el 7% si cumple. Se realizó una evaluación de los NR a los trabajadores de la planta, usando la metodología 2 de la NTP ISO 9612-2010, obteniéndose como resultado que los trabajadores de la p...
20
artículo
Publicado 2017
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The objective of this research was to determine corrosion rate (Vcorr) iron ASTM A36, in solutions of sodiumx cyanide and thiourea. Further evaluate the effect of this electrochemical phenomenon in costs associated with gold leaching processes. The corrosion rate was determined in mm / year by polarization curves. Costs were determined by a cost analysis using synthetic indicators. The corrosion rate of iron ASTM A36 in sodium cyanide solutions in concentrations of 0.62 g / L; 0.80 g / L and thiourea solutions 0.96 g / L; 1.24 g / L was evaluated. The results show that the corrosion rate of the metal is slightly higher in the solution of thiourea 1.24 g / L (3.03 mm / year) with the following behavior: Thiourea 1.24g / L> Thiourea 0.96 g / L> Cyanide 0.80 g / L ≈ Cyanide 0.62 g / L. It was estimated that corrosion costs in gold leaching processes are between 4.78 and 5.20% of the...
