The ore is complex and presents abundant content of sulphurs: pyrite, arsenopyrite and pyrrhotite, also in few proportion: chalcopyrite, sphalerite and probably sulfhosals that add: copper, silver, arsenic and antimony. Free gold is not appreciated in the obtained results, the major content of gold is in tails of flotation Cu-Ag, constituted by sulphurs of iron, as a non metallic residue prevails the quartz, coal and the insolubles, it is quite strong and naturally very acid, pH:5.3. It is possible to obtain a concentrate of flotation Cu-Ag, with As and Sb like pollutants and around 80% of the total gold stays in tails, to which we effect a direct cyanidation having variant like pH and granulometry, it has not been possible to leach more than 11 % of the gold contained in tails that gives 3.2 grams Au/TM, considering the current prices it has an approximate value 100 US $ Ton.

In some cases it is easy to extract the gold present in an ore by conventional methods cyanidation heap , but in others, the results are very poor and may have originated in mineralogical intergrowths in atomic or sub - atomic size , presence of elements cianicidas and content of fine materials , our research is aimed at finding alternative precious metal , causing severe losses in the tailings gold . work is to show in what circumstances must bind the mineral to solve the problem when a solution presents interesting gold ore fines content and clay materials that are compact when wet and does not allow the cyanide used as a solvent , have mass reach reagent consumption, % moisture : contact with the poor percolation of leaching solutions , characteristic of a good binder machines used to bind minerals, determine the most appropriate economic binder and technically , the different effects...

Heap leaching is a very economical process to metallurgically treat low grade minerals in precious metals, this treatment method received a strong boost in the mid-70s of the previous century, when gold reached quotes of up to US $ 600 / ounce in 1980, the reuse of activated carbon is implemented and minerals with a high content of fines are processed through agglomeration.

The subject study deals on the effects which Pb, Zn, As, Sb and Ag ions may exert on accelerating chemical reaction of sphalerite on lead flotation. If this action occurs lead concentrate is contaminated and also it decreases the zinc recovery of the zinc circuit.Three different ore samples at various degrees of zinc activation were used to analyze this problem. Results show that further investigation is required to find out whether or not the activation of zinc is due to the contained As ions or due to soluble metal salts of Pb, Zn, Sb and Ag.

Column flotation is particularly attractive for applications involving multiple cleaning stages in conventional cells and for complex minerals that have selectivity problems, substantially raising the grade of the concentrate (2-4%) and higher recovery (2-3%) , with a single cleaning stage, this equipment adapting very well to computer control. Its acceptance in the mining industry is increasing due to multiple advantages including lower cost of installation and operation, less space occupation, substantial decrease in energy consumption, mainly because it does not have a mechanical agitation system, and less consumption of reagents.

The main oxidized lead minerals are: cerussite and anglesite, which due to their crystallography and wettability should not be buoyant, for this reason it is necessary to study the flotation properties for these minerals, the main ones are: solubility, surface physico-chemical , thermodynamics, fines content and others, it is concluded that anglesite is less buoyant than cerussite, both can be floated directly with amyl xanthate: long-chain hydrocarbon collector and cationic collectors such as alamine 26-D. The flotation of oxides improves when they are previously sulfurized before adding xanthate type collector, obtaining economically acceptable results. The above is applied to a polymetallic mineral of galena, sphalerite and cerussite; up to four flow charts are discussed, two are experimented, and with the bulk flotation scheme Pb-Zn, followed by flotation of oxides, after sulfurizati...

Este trabajo de investigación tiene por objeto dar a conocer el diagrama de flujo, balance de materiales, planteo de ecuaciones y desarrollo de modelos matemáticos que nos permitirán predecir resultados finales tales como: leyes, recuperaciones y radio de concentración que un mineral reportará cuando sea procesado por flotación a escala industrial con información obtenida de un lote de pruebas a nivel de laboratorio, método que se puede aplicar a una amplia variedad de minerales y poder evaluarlos técnica y económicamente con un alto nivel de confianza.

Esta investigación tiene por objeto dar a conocer métodos científicos-experimentales, para evaluar correctamente reactivos de flotación usados en concentración de minerales. Se presentan las variables, ecuaciones matemáticas, metodología y otros parámetros importantes que permitirán cuantificar eficientemente en cualquier planta de beneficio minero-metalúrgico, la calidad de los reactivos en proceso de evaluación.

The natural activation of sphalerite during flotation of lead is mainly related to the contamination of lead concentrate. The high content of zinc in the lead concentrate receives economic sanctions by higher refining costs, plus zinc content decreases in its flotation circuit. This research has been conducted on five samples of different minerals to identify the probable causes activation of natural sphalerite. The results indicate that the causes are intergrowths Mineralogical between lead and zinc, and the presence of soluble salts of Cu2 +. The ferrous ions and ferric Fe2 + Fe3 + did not show a significant effect on the activation of sphalerite.

The alluvial gold or from laundries or rivers is a major generator of jobs and wealth. Currently for your benefit artisanal methods used and in some cases heavy equipment but with very poor especially in recovery (less than 50%) results. As part of the gold that has been worked, deficiencies and lack of other methods is lost in the tailings. In this research some general concepts of gold will be from the point of view of production and its impact on our exports, study the grain size of the gravel in general and gold in particular, important parameters related to the size distribution used to recommend the most convenient and appropriate method to optimize metallurgical results. Also gravimetric amalgamate concentrated to quantify the efficiency of the method.

The need arises to take advantage of the best way to increase the added value of our mining products, specifically concentrates containing precious metals, to obtain maximum economic benefit. A method is formulated to determine optimal conditions for leaching concentrates. This method is fundamentally based on cyaniding gold concentrates that respond efficiently to this process, then developing alternatives for the recovery of Au and Ag from pregnant solutions, using the known methods of carbon in pulp and merrill crowe or another that consists of selectively precipitating silver with sodium sulfide and from the remaining solution, recover the gold with activated carbon, efficiently obtaining high quality separate products.

The need to develop and know methods for metallurgical treatment to process gold-bearing refractory minerals or hard to treat be- cause of carbon contents, tellurium, antimony, arsenic, carbonates and gold in solution solid sulfides, forces us to study the different methods of specific oxidation that should be applied in each mineral before to leach ore to reach high recoveries into precious metals Through Gravimetrically followed by cyanidation is obtained 94.74% of gold extract in the studied mineral.

Tailings come from a mineral containing copper, silver and gold and recovery percentages of 90% of copper, 55 % of silver and 10% of gold from flotation. The study and mineralogic characteristic made to tail at 200 x magnification shows the presence of 54% of pyrite and 43% of gangue, does not detect gold, and has a chemical analysis of 3.74 gr/TM gold and 4.18 Oz/TC silver. The cyanidation tests made to the reground tailings at – 45 u give poor recoveries, 10% at most, reinforcing the hypothesis that the precious metal is in solid solution in the pyrite. Based on these results, cyanide lixiviation tests are performed using air and pyrometallurgical oxidation, in the first case 40% of cyanide dissolution is obtained trough air oxidation in alkaline media, and in the second case, 90% of gold is recovered trough roasting tests at 600° C, calcine wash to diminish the consumption of react...

The ores of manganese are difficult to concentrate, nevertheless in this study of research, it has been achieved to raise the grade of manganese applying different equipments, machines, flow charts and diverse chemical reagents of flotation, obtaining the best results by means of flotation of the gangue, being the tail the concentrate of manganeso. The original ore has 23,8% Mn, on having it concentrate by inverse flotation, one manages to obtain 47,50% Mn in the concentrate, product very quoted on the intermal and external market.

Polymetallic sulfide ores are found in abundance in nature and especially in our country, hence the great importance of studying their behavior in the differential flotation. There are ores that are very amenable to flotation and there are also other complex minerals that have a very complicated flotation because of different factors, the most difficult ones are those with natural activation of sphalerite and iron sulphides due to soluble salts that the mineral can have as a result of the presence of metal ions from different metals, mainly copper. The copper, lead and zinc ore that was studied did not show difficulties during the selective flotation; the quality and the separation efficiency of concentrates can be improved with more time and more stages of flotation cleaning. We defined the theoretical concepts of the selective flotation and made the mineralogical and chemical study of ...

In the south part of the country there oxidated copper minerals hard to leach and when you do it you get extracts are rich in copper but also contain polliting agents, that produces copper sulfate that does not match with the technical characteristics requiered for its industry use. This research consist in leaching the oxidated mineral, precipitation with iron, where the impuritis are eliminated, leaching of copper cement, and direct cristallization, out get a good product, technology can be applied to other similar mineral in Perú.

The mineral That is matter of the present work of investigation comes from the department of the Libertad, province of Otuzco, the mining company Koricolqui S.A. The study by the x- rays diffraction confi rms that the greater component of the sample is guartz in 91,74 %. In the characteristic of the sample by the method by polarizing microscope of refl ected light, the following minerals are observed: electrum, arsenopirita, marcasite, calcosita, galena, esfalerita, rutilo, goethite, tetraedita and gangues; which are like very small particles that they make diffi cult his treatment. The tests of fl otation of the initial sample are not satisfactory because the recoveries are as much for low gold and silver that is of 59,11% and 52,51% respectively. For that reason previously I am made a preconcentration with the centrifugal “Falcon” and relave of the “Falcon” just enters the fl o...

In the northern and central zones of Peru there exist minerals of Pb-Ag that contain high amounts of As-Sb; by flotation one can not eliminate these elements and they yield in the concentrate of flotation; from 0.5% to 2.0% they receive economic losses for each additional 0.10%; up to 3% the losses are more severe and at times difficult to place it in the market; major percentages of arsenic and antimony simply are rejected for smelting; in this research work we float a mineral of lead-silver, producing a concentrate with high amounts of impurities, said product, called unclean concentrate was leached out with sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide at different concentrations of the reactants, dilution of pulp and time of retention, determining the optimal conditions of leaching, obtaining a clear concentrate with higher grades of Pb-Ag (Table N.° 6) for easy commercialization. The flow di...

Fluorite (F2Ca) is an ore that has multiple aplications, the main ones are: manufacture of fluorhidric acid, steel iron industry, welding and ornamental purposes. This ore belongs to the central zone of Peru and besides fluorite, it has metallic values of lead, silver and zinc, these respond well to differential flotation of sulfhur with good results in the quality of the concentrates and high recoveries. The obtained fluorite concentrate is of ceramic degree, fluorite of acid degree ca not be obtained because of the presence of Aluminium fluorides that affect the quality of the concentrate.

The need to develop and know methods for metallurgical treatment to process gold-bearing refractory minerals or hard to treat be- cause of carbon contents, tellurium, antimony, arsenic, carbonates and gold in solution solid sulfides, forces us to study the different methods of specific oxidation that should be applied in each mineral before to leach ore to reach high recoveries into precious metals Through Gravimetrically followed by cyanidation is obtained 94.74% of gold extract in the studied mineral.