Efluentes industriales conteniendo metales disueltos deben ser tratados para su disposición al ambiente a fin de cumplir con los niveles permitidos por la autoridad ambiental. Estos efluentes se generan debido a la actividad minero–metalúrgica y a los procesos de drenaje ácido. En el caso de empresas de la pequeña minería el objetivo de abatir la concentración de metales disueltos en sus efluentes resulta difícil lograr conforme a estándares ambientales debido principalmente a limitaciones financieras. El presente estudio enfoca el tema planteando el método de la precipitación química y luego un proceso de adsorción mediante resinas de intercambio iónico, lo que permitirá obtener el efluente libre de metales disueltos. Se analizan las ventajas y factores que intervienen en el proceso en base a pruebas de laboratorio para escalamiento a procesos de flujo en trabajos futuro...

Mining and metallurgical activity produces liquid effluents as a waste during the extraction process, which must be treated in order to be disposed in the environment, following governmental and environmental legislation. Big and medium size mining industry carry on environmental projects as it is the trend worldwide, but small size and informal mining did not have between its priorities the environmental issue due to the lack of research on clean technologies related to this sector which finally could influence in make more efficient its processes. The main aim of the research is centered on propose solutions with an experimental basis for design and dimension of containers in processes with chemical precipitation and cementing of dissolved metals in liquid effluents. Laboratory tests are detailed for cementing copper from liquid effluents by means of light scrap iron which allows recov...

Mining and metallurgical activity produces liquid effluents as a waste during the extraction process, which must be treated in order to be disposed in the environment, following governmental and environmental legislation. Big and medium size mining industry carry on environmental projects as it is the trend worldwide, but small size and informal mining did not have between its priorities the environmental issue due to the lack of research on clean technologies related to this sector which finally could influence in make more efficient its processes. The main aim of the research is centered on propose solutions with an experimental basis for design and dimension of containers in processes with chemical precipitation and cementing of dissolved metals in liquid effluents. Laboratory tests are detailed for cementing copper from liquid effluents by means of light scrap iron which allows recov...

Efluentes industriales conteniendo metales disueltos deben ser tratados para su disposición al ambiente a fin de cumplir con los niveles permitidos por la autoridad ambiental. Estos efluentes se generan debido a la actividad minero–metalúrgica y a los procesos de drenaje ácido. En el caso de empresas de la pequeña minería el objetivo de abatir la concentración de metales disueltos en sus efluentes resulta difícil lograr conforme a estándares ambientales debido principalmente a limitaciones financieras. El presente estudio enfoca el tema planteando el método de la precipitación química y luego un proceso de adsorción mediante resinas de intercambio iónico, lo que permitirá obtener el efluente libre de metales disueltos. Se analizan las ventajas y factores que intervienen en el proceso en base a pruebas de laboratorio para escalamiento a procesos de flujo en trabajos futuro...

In the context of clean technologies is not only important to maximize production , minimize costs, but also not pollute the environment , it is for that reason we must develop basic research leading to mitigate SO2 to prevent air pollution. Direct reduction of sulfides is of interest in the metallurgical field for the base metal , using a desulfurizer agent ( CaO, CaCO3 and Na2CO3) , this being a friendly metal production route. In this paper , we show the results of research in the direct reduction of chalcopyrite with carbon in the presence of lime, as a possibility to produce copper from a sulfide avoiding air pollution. ; Also their effect on the reacted fraction and temperature the reaction rate , reaction time , molar ratios of reactants : the effect of the variables involved in the carbothermic reduction was studied . Besides modeling the reduction kinetics of chalcopyrite descri...

Conceptualise the corporate social role, which is being unsuitably developed by some mining companies under the cliché of corporate social responsability (CRS), what may wel fall as philanthropic action. This means that actions taken imply a strong assitance constituent, in which the company asually takes on an active rol, and the beneficiary population a passive role. This form of addressing CRS denotes the absence of non-corporate political role-players, thus reducing the chance of consolidating feedback processes between the corporate social investiment and interest group involved poditively. Inplementation of existing legal framework overflows the field, laws are wrongly interpreted, evaded and finally not applied, consecuently minig industry goes through wrong paths. An interest –conciliating legal framework is an imperative. The legal institutional framework implemented in the e...

Study of the electrochemical behavior of copper allows us to identify and characterize the partially ionic nature of the aqueous solubility of impurities in the mass of ore bodies of metallic materials of copper mineral species and therefrom obtain sequences in the identification and effluent characterization activity hydrometallurgical mineral content with valuable copper. The absorption spectra determninación compounds with metal cores in the range from UV Visible acids sulfur containing base metals means enabling the implementation of the sequential separation of elements and species which are considered deleterious and denote pollution, acting against environmental sustainability.

In the extraction and purification of precious metals diverse techniques gravimetric, pyrochemical, hidrochemical, electrochemical are used main to ore sulfides or complex sulfides that contain concealed gold or microscopic gold. The influence of the pyrite presence, copper minerals, that they slow down, they inhibit and /or the transformation metallic gold in solution, they manage to attenuate themselves or to be reduced by means of other necessary treatments that they complement to the cyaniding process, those that can be cycles of roasting, watery leachings with basic acid solutions or under controlled conditions of pressure and temperature, electro oxidation under electrical potential, sequences of ultrasound and by means of the bacterial leaching.

Conceptualise the corporate social role, which is being unsuitably developed by some mining companies under the cliché of corporate social responsability (CRS), what may wel fall as philanthropic action. This means that actions taken imply a strong assitance constituent, in which the company asually takes on an active rol, and the beneficiary population a passive role. This form of addressing CRS denotes the absence of non-corporate political role-players, thus reducing the chance of consolidating feedback processes between the corporate social investiment and interest group involved poditively. Inplementation of existing legal framework overflows the field, laws are wrongly interpreted, evaded and finally not applied, consecuently minig industry goes through wrong paths. An interest –conciliating legal framework is an imperative. The legal institutional framework implemented in the e...

Study of the electrochemical behavior of copper allows us to identify and characterize the partially ionic nature of the aqueous solubility of impurities in the mass of ore bodies of metallic materials of copper mineral species and therefrom obtain sequences in the identification and effluent characterization activity hydrometallurgical mineral content with valuable copper. The absorption spectra determninación compounds with metal cores in the range from UV Visible acids sulfur containing base metals means enabling the implementation of the sequential separation of elements and species which are considered deleterious and denote pollution, acting against environmental sustainability.

In the extraction and purification of precious metals diverse techniques gravimetric, pyrochemical, hidrochemical, electrochemical are used main to ore sulfides or complex sulfides that contain concealed gold or microscopic gold. The influence of the pyrite presence, copper minerals, that they slow down, they inhibit and /or the transformation metallic gold in solution, they manage to attenuate themselves or to be reduced by means of other necessary treatments that they complement to the cyaniding process, those that can be cycles of roasting, watery leachings with basic acid solutions or under controlled conditions of pressure and temperature, electro oxidation under electrical potential, sequences of ultrasound and by means of the bacterial leaching.

In the context of clean technologies is not only important to maximize production , minimize costs, but also not pollute the environment , it is for that reason we must develop basic research leading to mitigate SO2 to prevent air pollution. Direct reduction of sulfides is of interest in the metallurgical field for the base metal , using a desulfurizer agent ( CaO, CaCO3 and Na2CO3) , this being a friendly metal production route. In this paper , we show the results of research in the direct reduction of chalcopyrite with carbon in the presence of lime, as a possibility to produce copper from a sulfide avoiding air pollution. ; Also their effect on the reacted fraction and temperature the reaction rate , reaction time , molar ratios of reactants : the effect of the variables involved in the carbothermic reduction was studied . Besides modeling the reduction kinetics of chalcopyrite descri...

In the present work the revision, deduction and application of mathematical models in the quantification of the reaction kinetics of leaching processes of national sulphided minerals in chemical systems is made. The interaction between the mineral particles and the leaching solution is controlled by three possible mechanisms: by chemical reaction, by diffusion through the porous bed and by mass transfer; Each mechanism has its own mathematical modeling and parametric conditions. Experimental runs of leaching of gold and copper minerals are presented, in which their kinetic control equations of the most relevant variables are shown. Other empirical models are also shown that are used to elucidate the phenomenology of the leaching of mineral species, call chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena.

The natural activation of sphalerite during flotation of lead is mainly related to the contamination of lead concentrate. The high content of zinc in the lead concentrate receives economic sanctions by higher refining costs, plus zinc content decreases in its flotation circuit. This research has been conducted on five samples of different minerals to identify the probable causes activation of natural sphalerite. The results indicate that the causes are intergrowths Mineralogical between lead and zinc, and the presence of soluble salts of Cu2 +. The ferrous ions and ferric Fe2 + Fe3 + did not show a significant effect on the activation of sphalerite.

The guidelines for preparing the accreditation project for university professional careers are found in a working document prepared by the Central Office for Academic Quality and Accreditation, which provides guidance to the Internal Committees of each of the UNMSM professional careers. The Accreditation Project Structure for the Professional Academic School of Metallurgical Engineering (EAPIM), follows the requirements of the CONEAU Guide to Accreditation of University Professional Careers. In this framework, the studies for the systematization of standards allowed us to propose the i-Meta Model as the educational project that identifies the organizational culture, infrastructure, interest groups and by grouping the criteria into 7 plans, 7 processes, 7 programs and 7 systems; in a way that allows for quick and approximate monitoring and / or auditing of each academic unit where the sel...

In the present work the revision, deduction and application of mathematical models in the quantification of the reaction kinetics of leaching processes of national sulphided minerals in chemical systems is made. The interaction between the mineral particles and the leaching solution is controlled by three possible mechanisms: by chemical reaction, by diffusion through the porous bed and by mass transfer; Each mechanism has its own mathematical modeling and parametric conditions. Experimental runs of leaching of gold and copper minerals are presented, in which their kinetic control equations of the most relevant variables are shown. Other empirical models are also shown that are used to elucidate the phenomenology of the leaching of mineral species, call chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena.

The natural activation of sphalerite during flotation of lead is mainly related to the contamination of lead concentrate. The high content of zinc in the lead concentrate receives economic sanctions by higher refining costs, plus zinc content decreases in its flotation circuit. This research has been conducted on five samples of different minerals to identify the probable causes activation of natural sphalerite. The results indicate that the causes are intergrowths Mineralogical between lead and zinc, and the presence of soluble salts of Cu2 +. The ferrous ions and ferric Fe2 + Fe3 + did not show a significant effect on the activation of sphalerite.

The guidelines for preparing the accreditation project for university professional careers are found in a working document prepared by the Central Office for Academic Quality and Accreditation, which provides guidance to the Internal Committees of each of the UNMSM professional careers. The Accreditation Project Structure for the Professional Academic School of Metallurgical Engineering (EAPIM), follows the requirements of the CONEAU Guide to Accreditation of University Professional Careers. In this framework, the studies for the systematization of standards allowed us to propose the i-Meta Model as the educational project that identifies the organizational culture, infrastructure, interest groups and by grouping the criteria into 7 plans, 7 processes, 7 programs and 7 systems; in a way that allows for quick and approximate monitoring and / or auditing of each academic unit where the sel...

At the beginning of the new millennium, the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, aware of its mission to transmit environmental knowledge, organized a mega-event for World Earth Day (April 22 to 27, 2001) through the Faculty Research Institute. of Geological, Mining, Metallurgical and Geographical Engineering, thus initiating the environmental efforts that are being developed in Peru. Thanks to this event, an evaluation of national environmental management was made, a work to which many companies and institutions joined and renewed their commitment to develop an environmental policy for the sustainable development of our country.

At the beginning of the new millennium, the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, aware of its mission to transmit environmental knowledge, organized a mega-event for World Earth Day (April 22 to 27, 2001) through the Faculty Research Institute. of Geological, Mining, Metallurgical and Geographical Engineering, thus initiating the environmental efforts that are being developed in Peru. Thanks to this event, an evaluation of national environmental management was made, a work to which many companies and institutions joined and renewed their commitment to develop an environmental policy for the sustainable development of our country.