Advanced strategies for the design of clean technologies are characterized by reducing waste emissions, reducing their generation at the source itself and implementing measures to reduce water consumption, recover material and energy resources through recycling and integration of processes and an adequate selection of raw materials. Along with this, emphasis has been placed on the development of effective environmental management practices. [1] The design of clean processes is based on the use of classical engineering tools, to conceive a production scheme that considers both technical-economic and environmental aspects. These objectives are compatible, since the environmental impact can, in part, be reduced by increasing the overall productivity of the process. In many cases, modifications with low capital requirements have led to significant increases in productivity and a reduction in...

The guidelines for preparing the accreditation project for university professional careers are found in a working document prepared by the Central Office for Academic Quality and Accreditation, which provides guidance to the Internal Committees of each of the UNMSM professional careers. The Accreditation Project Structure for the Professional Academic School of Metallurgical Engineering (EAPIM), follows the requirements of the CONEAU Guide to Accreditation of University Professional Careers. In this framework, the studies for the systematization of standards allowed us to propose the i-Meta Model as the educational project that identifies the organizational culture, infrastructure, interest groups and by grouping the criteria into 7 plans, 7 processes, 7 programs and 7 systems; in a way that allows for quick and approximate monitoring and / or auditing of each academic unit where the sel...

In the context of clean technologies is not only important to maximize production , minimize costs, but also not pollute the environment , it is for that reason we must develop basic research leading to mitigate SO2 to prevent air pollution. Direct reduction of sulfides is of interest in the metallurgical field for the base metal , using a desulfurizer agent ( CaO, CaCO3 and Na2CO3) , this being a friendly metal production route. In this paper , we show the results of research in the direct reduction of chalcopyrite with carbon in the presence of lime, as a possibility to produce copper from a sulfide avoiding air pollution. ; Also their effect on the reacted fraction and temperature the reaction rate , reaction time , molar ratios of reactants : the effect of the variables involved in the carbothermic reduction was studied . Besides modeling the reduction kinetics of chalcopyrite descri...

It has been obtained a good quality copper cement from copper-zinc sulphides ores of the east peruvian Andes at Marañon complex zone using integrated metallurgical processes, that makes easier the possibility to give technological value to peruvian concentrates of copper. Monitoring obtained products employing combined techniques such the X-Ray diffraction or the Mössbauer spectroscopy allow us to have a better information of the existing elements and help to control and optimize the metallurgical processes. With the Cementation Cinetic Equation there have been carried out simulations of the process, considering the process related variables, like time, agitation, solution concentration, pH, etc. Recovery has reported up to 70% of copper, that gives the way to improve national ore and concentrate extraction costs and open a great possibility to apply it to postergated small and medium ...

The project of the United Nations development account seeks to articulate holistic strategies that integrate the economic, environmental and social dimensions of sustainable development in countries that depend on their marketable natural resources (minerals, gas, oil) from Latin America and the Caribbean ( LAC). This technical report is the result of a careful exploration of the web pages and existing networks on social, environmental, cultural and economic issues, linked to the sustainable use of non-renewable natural resources, and raises the feasibility of establishing an integrated work network based on the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the subject. This computer communication network will disseminate knowledge and issues related to education, research, policy design and exchange of experiences; initially using the web servers of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marc...

Currently, various metallurgical processes are used to obtain and recover metals, and in each one of them inevitable residues are produced, such as the formation of slags, trying to ensure that they have the lowest possible metal content and that their final residues have a later value. for other industrial processes; topic that the present investigation develops. Slag is a phase containing useless substances from a mineral, which are present in any metallurgical process involving smelting. In general, copper slags are Si02 iron silicate oxides, although there are other elements that do not exceed 20% and are therefore not taken into account. With respect to impurities, they play a negative role in its properties such as its electrical and thermal conductivity, its color, its hardness and others; They can be classified into three groups of easy elimination (Zn, Fe, 0 and S), impurities t...

A partir de minerales sulfurados de cobre-zinc del Complejo Marañón de la Cordillera Oriental de los Andes peruanos mediante procesos metalúrgicos integrados se ha obtenido cementos de cobre de buena calidad, lo cual facilita la viabilidad de dar valor tecnológico a los concentrados nacionales de cobre. El monitoreo de los productos obtenidos empleando técnicas combinadas de caracterización tales como difracción de rayos X, y espectroscopia Mössbauer nos permite tener una mejor información de las especies participantes y además nos ayuda a controlar y optimizar mejor los procesos metalúrgicos. Con la Ecuación Cinética de cementación se han procedido a realizar simulaciones del proceso considerando las variables involucradas en el proceso tales como tiempo, agitación, concentración de soluciones, pH entre otros. Se reportan recuperaciones mayores del 70% de cobre lo cual n...

El proyecto de la cuenta de desarrollo de las Naciones Unidas busca articular estrategias holísticas que integren las dimensiones económicas, ambientales y sociales del desarrollo sostenible en países que dependen de sus recursos naturales comercializables (minerales, gas, petróleo) de América Latina y el Caribe (LAC). El presente informe técnico es el resultado de una exploración detenida de las páginas web y redes existentes sobre temas sociales, ambientales, culturales y económicos, vinculados al aprovechamiento sostenible de recursos naturales no renovables y plantea la factibilidad de establecer una Red de trabajo integrada basados en la necesidad de un acercamiento multidisciplinario al tema. Dicha red de comunicación informática diseminará los conocimientos y temas relativos a la educación, investigación, diseño de políticas e intercambio de experiencias; empleando...

En la actualidad se utilizan diversos procesos metalúrgicos para la obtención y recuperación de metales y en cada uno de ellos se producen residuos inevitables como la formación de escorias, tratándose de que tengan el menor contenido de metal posible y que sus residuos finales tengan un valor posterior para otros procesos industriales; tema que la presente investigación desarrolla. Escoria es una fase que contiene sustancias inútiles de un mineral, que se encuentran presentes en cualquier proceso metalúrgico que involucre fundiciones. Por lo general, las escorias de cobre son óxidos de hierro silicatos Si02, aunque existen otros elementos que no superan el 20% por lo que no se toman en cuenta. Con respecto a las impurezas, éstas ejercen un papel negativo en sus propiedades como su conductividad eléctrica, térmica, su color su dureza y demás; se pueden clasificar en tres gru...

Advanced strategies for the design of clean technologies are characterized by reducing waste emissions, reducing their generation at the source itself and implementing measures to reduce water consumption, recover material and energy resources through recycling and integration of processes and an adequate selection of raw materials. Along with this, emphasis has been placed on the development of effective environmental management practices. [1] The design of clean processes is based on the use of classical engineering tools, to conceive a production scheme that considers both technical-economic and environmental aspects. These objectives are compatible, since the environmental impact can, in part, be reduced by increasing the overall productivity of the process. In many cases, modifications with low capital requirements have led to significant increases in productivity and a reduction in...

The guidelines for preparing the accreditation project for university professional careers are found in a working document prepared by the Central Office for Academic Quality and Accreditation, which provides guidance to the Internal Committees of each of the UNMSM professional careers. The Accreditation Project Structure for the Professional Academic School of Metallurgical Engineering (EAPIM), follows the requirements of the CONEAU Guide to Accreditation of University Professional Careers. In this framework, the studies for the systematization of standards allowed us to propose the i-Meta Model as the educational project that identifies the organizational culture, infrastructure, interest groups and by grouping the criteria into 7 plans, 7 processes, 7 programs and 7 systems; in a way that allows for quick and approximate monitoring and / or auditing of each academic unit where the sel...

In the context of clean technologies is not only important to maximize production , minimize costs, but also not pollute the environment , it is for that reason we must develop basic research leading to mitigate SO2 to prevent air pollution. Direct reduction of sulfides is of interest in the metallurgical field for the base metal , using a desulfurizer agent ( CaO, CaCO3 and Na2CO3) , this being a friendly metal production route. In this paper , we show the results of research in the direct reduction of chalcopyrite with carbon in the presence of lime, as a possibility to produce copper from a sulfide avoiding air pollution. ; Also their effect on the reacted fraction and temperature the reaction rate , reaction time , molar ratios of reactants : the effect of the variables involved in the carbothermic reduction was studied . Besides modeling the reduction kinetics of chalcopyrite descri...

At the beginning of the new millennium, the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, aware of its mission to transmit environmental knowledge, organized a mega-event for World Earth Day (April 22 to 27, 2001) through the Faculty Research Institute. of Geological, Mining, Metallurgical and Geographical Engineering, thus initiating the environmental efforts that are being developed in Peru. Thanks to this event, an evaluation of national environmental management was made, a work to which many companies and institutions joined and renewed their commitment to develop an environmental policy for the sustainable development of our country.

                          1947/5000       The National University of San Marcos has incorporated in its strategic plan the environmental commitment, in the mission and vision mention is made of the commitment of the students to the environment. Accreditation encourages us to take into account the environmental dimension. The Professional Schools also consider the environmental theme in their study plan; the lines of research consider the environmental and climate change variables; while, the Postgraduate Units have their diplomas, master's degrees and doctorates in solving environmental problems. The incorporation of the environmental theme is growing and has great interest on the part of the university community. The climate change and risk management office coordinates and fosters the training and formation...

In the present work the revision, deduction and application of mathematical models in the quantification of the reaction kinetics of leaching processes of national sulphided minerals in chemical systems is made. The interaction between the mineral particles and the leaching solution is controlled by three possible mechanisms: by chemical reaction, by diffusion through the porous bed and by mass transfer; Each mechanism has its own mathematical modeling and parametric conditions. Experimental runs of leaching of gold and copper minerals are presented, in which their kinetic control equations of the most relevant variables are shown. Other empirical models are also shown that are used to elucidate the phenomenology of the leaching of mineral species, call chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena.

A selection of hydrometallurgical applications are shown in the processing of sulfur concentrates, being influenced by environmental regulations; being known as clean technologies. The hydrometallurgy technology of leaching, solvent extraction and electrodeposition is described, as well as a series of current investigations to avoid the production of SO2 through the LIX-SX-EW hydrometallurgical route; as well as solid waste management with arsenic content, for safe storage.

The present presentation tries to show an application of the model «Intelect» to the measurement of the Intellectual Capital in the context of the activities of investigation of the Institute of Investigation IIGEO of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. The mentioned model makes a balance of the intangible elements that has the organization, presenting a process of identification, selection and measurement of assets of systematic way, based on the three capitals (human, structural and relational), making emphasis in its interactivity and evolutionary capacity. Some significant indicators of each capital involved in the model are quantified, which indicates their evolution to us in the time and an analysis of the results to raise necessary corrective measures for the continuous improvement of the management of the knowledge that is developed in the IIGEO.

The present presentation tries to show an application of the model «Intelect» to the measurement of the Intellectual Capital in the context of the activities of investigation of the Institute of Investigation IIGEO of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. The mentioned model makes a balance of the intangible elements that has the organization, presenting a process of identification, selection and measurement of assets of systematic way, based on the three capitals (human, structural and relational), making emphasis in its interactivity and evolutionary capacity. Some significant indicators of each capital involved in the model are quantified, which indicates their evolution to us in the time and an analysis of the results to raise necessary corrective measures for the continuous improvement of the management of the knowledge that is developed in the IIGEO.

In the present work the revision, deduction and application of mathematical models in the quantification of the reaction kinetics of leaching processes of national sulphided minerals in chemical systems is made. The interaction between the mineral particles and the leaching solution is controlled by three possible mechanisms: by chemical reaction, by diffusion through the porous bed and by mass transfer; Each mechanism has its own mathematical modeling and parametric conditions. Experimental runs of leaching of gold and copper minerals are presented, in which their kinetic control equations of the most relevant variables are shown. Other empirical models are also shown that are used to elucidate the phenomenology of the leaching of mineral species, call chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena.

A selection of hydrometallurgical applications are shown in the processing of sulfur concentrates, being influenced by environmental regulations; being known as clean technologies. The hydrometallurgy technology of leaching, solvent extraction and electrodeposition is described, as well as a series of current investigations to avoid the production of SO2 through the LIX-SX-EW hydrometallurgical route; as well as solid waste management with arsenic content, for safe storage.