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1
artículo
Publicado 2019
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Objective: To determine if there are differences between persons with chronic diseases with no renal insufficiency compared to health persons in body structure, renal function and dietary habits. Methods: Volunteer participants compared by age (20-80 years); body mass index (BMI 20-25 kg/m2) and serum creatinine <1.1 mg/dl were included. Study design, a comparison of independent groups, group 1 (n=50) healthy adults without known previous condition not taking any medication and with a satisfactory quality of life, group 2 (n=46) persons with any chronic condition of > 3 months. Weight, height, body water, body fat, lean body mass measured by electric bioimpedance; serum urea and creatinine and urine creatinine, electrolytes and urea were measured in both groups. Creatinine and urea clearance, daily protein intake and daily consumption of sodium salt and potassium were measured...
2
artículo
This paper presents a static analysis of functionally graded plates (FGPs) by using a new first shear deformation theory (FSDT). This theory contains only four unknowns, with is even less than the classical FSDT. In this paper a simply supported FG square sandwich plate is subjected to a bi-sinusoidal load. The governing equations for static bending analysis are derived by employing the principle of virtual works. These equations are then solved via Navier-type, closed form solutions. The accuracy of the present theory is ascertained by comparing it with various available solutions in the literature.
3
artículo
Publicado 2021
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This paper addresses a particular scenario of the classic tension between constitutionalism and democracy, one that poses the existence of material limits to the power of constitutional reform. The subject undoubtedly raises a series of perplexities around some aspects such as the legal nature of the constitutional reform power. The essay analizes the defense of implicit material limits when the constitutional text has not explicitly recognized them, the competence and legitimacy of the courts, the normative parameter in merit to which this control would be carried out, among others. In this context, this article proposes to provide an analysis of these issues based on comparative law, exposing the cases of Germany, the United States and Colombia, countries that have provided different answers to the issue of material limits in function of their own constitutional texts and systems, and ...
4
artículo
Publicado 2022
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Objective: To evaluate the relationship between uremic index (UI) and renal function measured by creatinine clearance (CrCl) in persons with normal renal function and in those with chronic renal failure (CRF), as well as to compare the renal function extrapolated from serum creatinine and that calculated with equations internationally recommended. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted including patients attended in outpatient clinics at Hospital Cayetano Heredia in Lima from June 2018 to June 2019. Pearson’s correlation between UI and CrCl was calculated; comparison of means of UI, serum creatinine and standard equations was done by ANOVA and eta square. Results: the overall UI was 4.37 ± 4.99 mg/dl and correlated linearly with CrCl (r=-0.74, p=0.000). The UI and the log UI were significantly more predictive of CrCl than serum creatinine and the international equations used. ...
5
artículo
Publicado 2015
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This paper presents an analytical solution for the thermoelastic bending analysis of advanced composite sandwich plates by using a new quasi-3D hybrid type HSDT with 6 unknowns which is based on a generalized formulation. In addition, the nonlinear term of the temperature field is included in the generalized mathematical formulation in such way that it can be freely chosen and if desired can be different from the shear strain shape functions of the displacement field. So, infinite quasi-3D hybrid type HSDTs with just 6 unknowns can be derived from the present generalized formulation. The thermoelastic bending governing equations are obtained through the principle of virtual works and solved via Navier Method. Interesting results are obtained and compared with quasi-3D and 2D HSDTs. Transverse shear stress results are strongly influenced by nonlinear temperature field and for different HS...
6
artículo
Publicado 2015
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OBJETIVE: To compare the effect of abdominal hysterectomy type on female sexual function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: prospective descriptive study, according to the design 'only after', held at the Regional Hospital of Trujillo, Peru, in which 54 women undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy (HAT) and 54 women who underwent subtotal hysterectomy (HAST ) for benign disease between January 2001 and December 2003; They were randomly selected to answer a questionnaire that evaluates their sexual function (FSFI). The proportions of dysfunction scores each of the domains of sexual function were determined, as well. Comparisons were made using the chi-square test, z-test of proportions and the test 't'. RESULTS: The proportion of sexual dysfunction in patients undergoing high as (40.7%) was lower than in those undergoing HAT (48.1%), with no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05), and there...
7
artículo
Publicado 2015
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OBJETIVE: To compare the effect of abdominal hysterectomy type on female sexual function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: prospective descriptive study, according to the design 'only after', held at the Regional Hospital of Trujillo, Peru, in which 54 women undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy (HAT) and 54 women who underwent subtotal hysterectomy (HAST ) for benign disease between January 2001 and December 2003; They were randomly selected to answer a questionnaire that evaluates their sexual function (FSFI). The proportions of dysfunction scores each of the domains of sexual function were determined, as well. Comparisons were made using the chi-square test, z-test of proportions and the test 't'. RESULTS: The proportion of sexual dysfunction in patients undergoing high as (40.7%) was lower than in those undergoing HAT (48.1%), with no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05), and th...
8
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Introduction: One of the most important functions of municipalities as a public institution is to provide, maintain and promote the health of citizens. To improve the health of the community, we need to understand the function of the municipality in countries that affect the health and well-being of the population. Material and methods: This study is a comparative-descriptive study. After searching for databases and authoritative sources and documents, related research was introduced into the study. Considering the performance of municipalities in the provision of health services, 7 countries were selected as statistical samples. Finally, the comparative attitudes of selected countries based on the role of municipalities in providing health services, macroeconomic indicators and health economics were tabulated, compared and compared. Results: The municipalities of the selected countries ...
9
artículo
Publicado 2020
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
10
artículo
Publicado 2019
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OBJETIVO. Determinar la asociación entre la composición corporal y la fragilidad en los adultos mayores sin deterioro funcional. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Estudio transversal comparativo de una muestra de 37 adultos mayores con fragilidad y 68 adultos mayores sin fragilidad de una comunidad urbana de Lima, mediante la utilización de los criterios diagnósticos de Fried. Se realizó la medición antropométrica y la bioimpedancia eléctrica. Se buscó asociación mediante los test de ji cuadrado y ANOVA y se realizó un análisis de regresión múltiple de predicción de la probabilidad de fragilidad. RESULTADOS. Se encontró valores significativamente menores en peso, talla, índice de masa corporal, perímetro braquial, pliegue subcutáneo, circunferencia muscular del brazo, masa grasa y masa libre de grasa en adultos mayores frágiles; p = 0,005. No se halló correlación entre la masa g...
11
artículo
Publicado 2019
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OBJECTIVE. To determine the association between body composition and frailty syndrome in elderly people without functional impairment. METHODS. A cross sectional comparative study was made of a sample of 37 frail and 68 non-frail older adults according to the Fried's diagnostic criteria in an urban community of Lima, who underwent anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measurements. Chi-square test, ANOVA test and Pearson's correlation test was done to predict frailty probability. RESULTS. Significant lower values in weight, height, body mass index, brachial perimeter, subcutaneous skin-fold, muscular arm circumference, fat mass and fat-free mass were found in frail older adults (p = 0,005). There was no correlate between frailty syndrome and fat mass measured by electric impedance and with muscle mass measured by anthropometry. We found a 9 % increased risk per kilogram of less weig...
12
tesis de grado
Publicado 2025
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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a widely used material in container manufacturing, particularly in bottle production. It is characterized by its low cost and widespread availability. However, its improper disposal has significantly exacerbated global plastic pollution. For instance, less than 50% of plastic bottles are recycled. Moreover, studies indicate that this issue has led to a significant accumulation of plastic waste in the oceans, which continues to grow annually and could be considered floating islands of debris. This study proposes replacing PET with polylactic acid (PLA), a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer with suitable properties for bottle production. PLA also has a shorter decomposition time compared to PET, contributing to the reduction of carbon footprint and greenhouse gas emissions. The research methodology included a diagnostic phase to define objectives, i...
13
artículo
Publicado 2005
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Objective: To ascertain that social and emotional deprivation of the mother is associated with fetal growth restriction, fetal death, preterm birth and congenital defects. Materials and Methods: We retrieved the maternal and perinatal outcome from the Informatic Perinatal System of all pregnancies with antenatal care whose delivery occurred between January 1, 1992 and December 31, 2001. Three groups of patients with social and emotional deprivation were included: 1) single women (n=1285), 2) teenage women with absent prenatal care (APC), (n=2131), and 3) primigravid with stature lower than 160 cm (n=35722). Maternal and perinatal outcome were compared with: 1) women living with sexual partner (n=5550), 2) teenage women with prenatal care (n=7644), and 3) primigravids taller than 159 cm (n=5264). Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results: Single women presented ...
14
artículo
Publicado 2021
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Objective: To compare the professional performance of the health establishments with essential obstetric and neonatal functions from Lima with respect provincie during September-October of 2015. Materials and methods: It´s a cross- sectional analytical investigation conducted in 350 health establishments with essential obstetric-neonatal functions I-II (FONE I-II) database based on national surveys conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) during 2015. New variables were created from the databases to determinate the gynecology staff´s professional performance and analyzed the data with the R statistical software and the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 using the chi-square test. Results: The investigation showed that midwifes were the healthl staff who most frequently attended vaginal births, both in Lima (62.9%) and in provinces (91.4%). With respect to the partog...
15
artículo
Publicado 2021
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Objective: To compare the professional performance of the health establishments with essential obstetric and neonatal functions from Lima with respect provincie during September-October of 2015. Materials and methods: It´s a cross- sectional analytical investigation conducted in 350 health establishments with essential obstetric-neonatal functions I-II (FONE I-II) database based on national surveys conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) during 2015. New variables were created from the databases to determinate the gynecology staff´s professional performance and analyzed the data with the R statistical software and the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 using the chi-square test. Results: The investigation showed that midwifes were the healthl staff who most frequently attended vaginal births, both in Lima (62.9%) and in provinces (91.4%). With respect to the partog...
16
artículo
Publicado 1996
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Objective: Standarization of a Peruvian version for the functional incapacity Index of the Health Assessment Questionaire (HAQ). Material and Methods: Forty one patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, from 3 different Hospitals of Lima, were evaluated. All of them underwent HAQ, previously translated to a Spanish Peruvian version. Then we compared the results by direct observation, done by a blind researcher, of 12 activities. Statistical analysis: The coefficient of correlation of Pearson was applied. Results: The mean of the HAQ was 0.50 (scale 0-3) range 0.00-1.87, of observed incapacity was 0.45 (0.00 - 1.58) (r0.86, p<0.0001). Conclusion: There is a good correlation between referred and observed functional incapacity. With some modifications the Functional Incapacity Index of the Peruvian version of the HAQ should be applied to more Peruvian patients with with RA, for a long-term, fo...
17
artículo
Publicado 2024
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Objective: To determine the association between frailty syndrome and family functioning among older adults with diabetic retinopathy. Materials and methods: An analytical and cross-sectional study conducted among patients diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. The ophthalmology department diagnosed diabetic retinopathy through pupil dilation, using tetracaine and an ophthalmoscope. Three groups were determined using the FRAIL questionnaire: frail, prefrail and nonfrail; the sample sizes were 39, 64 and 76, respectively, matched by age. The study variables included age, sex, education, marital status and occupation. Additionally, the time since the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy was measured. Furthermore, the type of family was determined according to Huerta’s classification, which identifies nuclear family, extended family, composite extended family, single-parent family and blended f...
18
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Recent studies report a high prevalence of psychotic and substance use disorders sharing common brain mechanisms that may affect cognitive performance, response to treatment, the ability to commit to it and, consequently, increase the risk of relapse. Objective: To compare cognitive performance in patients with alcoholism and schizophrenia. Material and Methods: Observational study designed to evaluated 18 patients with schizophrenia and 32 with mental disorders due to alcohol consumption. The short neuropsychological battery NEUROPSI, validated in Spanish, was the main study instrument. Results: Significant differences were found between both groups in areas of executive function and long-term memory, with the sub-group of patients with schizophrenia showing greater deterioration levels. Conclusion: The results assist in explaining and understanding the difficulties that patients with s...
19
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Introduction: Functional changes resulting from the evolution of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are progressive and irreversible, causing increased diaphragm work due to pulmonary hyperinflation and airway obstruction. Phrenic nerves have promoted innervation of the diaphragm and may have been compromised in COPD condition. Objective: To compare the morphology of the phrenic nerves of the cadavers with COPD and without COPD by optical microscopy. Materials and methods: An exploratory descriptive studio conducted on the Death Verification Service in Alagoas. Pulmonary and phrenic nerve biopsies will be bilaterally taken from the cadavers after a necropsy with the diagnosis of COPD. Tissue samples were fixed and processed by conventional histology for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) histological slides. Biopsies are divided into experimental groups, one composed by patients with COPD ...
20
artículo
Publicado 2023
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Objective: To determine the level of gross motor function classification in children with cerebral palsy at Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja (INSN SB). Materials and methods: Descriptive study comprising 51 pediatric patients from 1 to 16 years of age, diagnosed with cerebral palsy according to the International Classification of Diseases version 10, in the period 2021. The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Gross Motor Function Measurement (GMFM) instruments were used for their evaluations. Results: Of the patients evaluated, 58.8% (n=30) were male and 41.2% (n=21) female, of whom 66.7% (n=34) were from Lima and 33.3% (n=17) from the provinces. The age group 2-4 years concentrated the highest number of cerebral palsy with 33.3% (n=17), compared to the rest. According to the type of cerebral palsy, 64.7% (n=33) presented spastic quadriplegic type, 29.4%...
