Tópicos Sugeridos dentro de su búsqueda.
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Aged
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https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.01.00
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Anciano
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https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.26
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ODS 3: Salud y bienestar. Garantizar una vida sana y promover el bienestar de todos a todas las edades
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https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.10
16
https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.03.01
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1
artículo
Publicado 2024
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Objective: To validate an explanatory model of cognitive functioning in older adults, based on inhibitory control, working memory and processing speed. Method: Explanatory-correlational design. 128 people between 60 and 85 years of age were evaluated with working memory and processing speed tests of the WAIS-IV intelligence scale, Stroop Test and Neuropsi. Results: Two models of structural equation analysis were applied. In model 1, with the total sample, inhibitory control better explains the cognitive functioning in adults aged 60 to 85 years (β=0.22; p<0.538). Model 2, which included age as a control variable, divided the sample into two age groups, and found that processing speed best predicted cognitive functioning in adults aged 60-70 years (β=2.329; p=0.030). but no variable predicted cognitive functioning in adults aged 71 to 85 years. The second model showed better fitting ...
2
artículo
Publicado 2022
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between menopausal status and female sexual function among mid-aged women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study of 221 sexually active HIV-infected women ages 40 to 59 years, based on a secondary analysis of a three-hospital survey in Lima, Perú. We classified menopausal status according to Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop criteria (STRAW+10); this exposure variable was categorized as binary (non-postmenopausal and postmenopausal) and-for exploratory analysis-as multinomial (pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal). We defined low sexual function (LSF) using the 6-item Female Sexual Function Index (total score ≤19). Socio-demographic and clinical variables were assessed, including age, used highly active antiretroviral therapy scheme, disease duration, depressive symptoms, and co-morbiditi...
3
artículo
Objective: To determine the association between depression and functional dependence in elderly patients of the Centro Geriátrico Naval (Peruvian naval medical center for elderly people). Materials and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, analytic study conducted from a secondary data analysis, with a convenience sample size of 625 elderly people. Results: In the linear regression analysis which predicts functional dependence according to the Barthel Index, it was found that, for each point in the Yesavage questionnaire, the Barthel Index score decreases 4.8±1.82 points and, for every 5 points, it decreases 29.99±3.62 points. In relation to the Lawton Index, significant outcomes were found regarding age, gender, military rank, physical performance, grip strength and depression. Conclusions: The results show an association between depression and functional dependence in performin...
4
artículo
Publicado 2019
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Intelligence is a construct of notable impact in our sociocultural context, related to a wide range of conceptual and operational definitions which originate positions that highlights cognitive and abstract elements and emotional and social skills, as well was perspectives that are focused on processes underlying the intelligent performance, such as in the case of executive functions (EFs), which are configured as cognitive processes that make it possible the self-regulation (Miyake & Friedman, 2012). Similarly, there are approaches that give intelligence a relevant and predictive role of school performance, an aspect strengthened by the psychometric perspective, where the concept of intelligence has been closely linked to learning. In this line, we also find the classical perspective of crystallized Intelligence of Cattell (1943), which refers to the knowledge acquired through educa...
5
artículo
Publicado 2012
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Paneth cells have an important function in the defense and protection mechanisms of the gastrointestinal tract in several animal species through secretions, e.g. as lysozime, secretory phospholipase A2 and defensins. The aim of this study was to identify the Paneth cells in the small intestine of baby alpacas. Eighteen culled animals between 1 and 21 days of age were used. Duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples were taken. Samples were fixed in 10% formalin, processed and stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H-E) and Masson trichromic. An anti-lizozime polyclonal antibody was used for immunohistochemistry. Typical Paneth cells were not identified with H-E and Masson trichromic stains, whereas lysozime granules were identified in the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn of duodenum, jejunum and ileum by immunohistochemistry since the first day of age. The number in jejunum and ileum was greater bet...
6
artículo
Publicado 2025
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Psychological distress (PD) involves a deficit in emotional capacities. Social support (SS), structural and functional, is a protective factor for health as it reduces stress and distress. Previous literature indicates that both variables are related and vary throughout adulthood. Based on a cross-sectional study (n=5388; 53.7% women; age: 18-98, M=43.15; SD=17.38), we aimed to analyze whether age is a moderating factor in the relationship between SS and PD in adulthood. A deficit in SS is related to PD, and age moderates between them. The relationship between PD and structural SS is more potent in older adults, while instrumental and informational SS is more robust in younger adults. Affective SS is the best predictor of PD regardless of age.
7
artículo
Publicado 2005
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Objective: To ascertain that social and emotional deprivation of the mother is associated with fetal growth restriction, fetal death, preterm birth and congenital defects. Materials and Methods: We retrieved the maternal and perinatal outcome from the Informatic Perinatal System of all pregnancies with antenatal care whose delivery occurred between January 1, 1992 and December 31, 2001. Three groups of patients with social and emotional deprivation were included: 1) single women (n=1285), 2) teenage women with absent prenatal care (APC), (n=2131), and 3) primigravid with stature lower than 160 cm (n=35722). Maternal and perinatal outcome were compared with: 1) women living with sexual partner (n=5550), 2) teenage women with prenatal care (n=7644), and 3) primigravids taller than 159 cm (n=5264). Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results: Single women presented ...
8
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a number of highly reactive oxygen-derived by-products generated by the normal mitochondrial respiration and other cellular metabolic reactions. ROS can oxidize macromolecules including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Under physiological condition, the cellular levels of ROS are controlled by several antioxidant enzymes. However, an imbalance between ROS production and detoxification results in oxidative stress, which leads to the accumulation of macromolecular damage and progressive decline in normal physiological functions. Oxidative deterioration of DNA can result in lesion that are mutagenic and contribute to aging and age-related diseases. Therefore, methods for the detection of ROS and oxidative deterioration of macromolecules such as DNA in cells provide important tool in aging research. Here, we described protocols for the detection of...
9
artículo
Publicado 2024
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This systematic review aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of research that proposes executive functions (EFs) as a pathway to understanding the individual factors that support aggressive behavior (AB) and, consequently, contribute to the maintenance of bullying dynamics within school contexts. The search for articles was conducted in databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Specifically, studies were selected that analyzed the contribution of EFs to AB or the role of perpetrator in bullying situations, conducted in the last 10 years with samples ranging from 4 to 12 years of age. The final result of the search yielded 11 articles, through which it was identified that while EFs contribute to the development of aggressive behavior, their impact may vary depending on the subtype of aggression evaluated. Thus, superior or inferior executive performance can translate into d...
10
artículo
Publicado 2023
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Objective: To identify the associated factors and assess the inequalities of full vaccination coverage (FVC) among Peruvian infants aged 12–23 months during the COVID-19 pandemic in a nationally representative sample. Methods: We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study based on a secondary data analysis using the 2021 Peruvian Demographic Health Survey (DHS) in infants aged 12 to 23 months. The sampling design was probabilistic, multistage, stratified, and independent at both departmental and area of residence levels. FVC was defined according to the WHO definition. We performed generalized linear models (GLM) Poisson family log link function to estimate crude (aPR) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR). Also, for inequality assessment, we calculated the concentration curve (CC), concentration index (CI), and Erreygers normalized concentration index (ECI). Results: We inclu...
11
artículo
Publicado 2022
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This research aimed to compare the internalizing (anxiety and depression) and externalizing (hyperactivity) symptoms of Caraquenian children based on the level of food insecurity reported by their parents. A simple retrospective design was proposed with a sample of 200 children, aged between eight and twelve, and their representatives, in charge of reporting the food insecurity levels in their homes and the symptoms of perceived hyperactivity in their children. For the analysis of results, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney´s U technique was used to compare anxiety, depressive and hyperactive symptoms based on high and low levels of food insecurity. Results suggest moderate conditions of food insecurity in the households. Furthermore, regarding the set of internalizing symptoms evaluated, it was found that households with greater food insecurity tend to have children with greater manifesta...
12
artículo
Publicado 2022
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This research aimed to compare the internalizing (anxiety and depression) and externalizing (hyperactivity) symptoms of Caraquenian children based on the level of food insecurity reported by their parents. A simple retrospective design was proposed with a sample of 200 children, aged between eight and twelve, and their representatives, in charge of reporting the food insecurity levels in their homes and the symptoms of perceived hyperactivity in their children. For the analysis of results, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney´s U technique was used to compare anxiety, depressive and hyperactive symptoms based on high and low levels of food insecurity. Results suggest moderate conditions of food insecurity in the households. Furthermore, regarding the set of internalizing symptoms evaluated, it was found that households with greater food insecurity tend to have children with greater manifesta...
13
artículo
Publicado 2021
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The influence of family and school on the level of independence of pre-school children is a fundamental aspect of integral development in early ages. This study has a quantitative descriptive approach. The aim of this study was to know the degree of Functional Independence in pre-school children in Cuenca (Ecuador). The participants were 30 children (3-5 years old), 15 from a public institution and 15 from a private one. The Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Test (PEDICAT) was used as an evaluation tool, which measures the level of independence in 4 areas. The results showed that the children from the private institution were more independent in the areas of Daily and Social Cognitive Activities; while in the area of Mobility and Responsibility both groups obtained the same level. These data served as a basis to develop a parent working guide, in which activi...
14
tesis de grado
Publicado 2025
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Las personas de mayor edad han ido adquiriendo una presencia más notable dentro de la distribución poblacional como consecuencia de recientes cambios demográficos de alcance global, tales como la disminución de la tasa de natalidad y el aumento de la esperanza de vida. Objetivo: Determinar la relación que existe entre la rehabilitación funcional y el nivel de actividad física en los adultos mayores de la IPRESS I-4 Bellavista Nanay, durante el año 2024. Metodología: se trata de un estudio de tipo descriptivo, prospectivo y aplicado, con un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño no experimental. La muestra estuvo conformada por 96 adultos mayores. Resultados: En cuanto a las características sociodemográficas, se identificó que la mayoría de los participantes eran mujeres. Más del 50% tenía entre 65 y 70 años, y la ocupación predominante correspondía a labores del hogar. Asimi...
15
artículo
Publicado 2023
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Objective:The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency and distribution of diagnoses of functional occlusal disorders among patients treated in undergraduate and postgraduate oral rehabilitation at the Teaching Dental Clinic of the Peruvian Cayetano Heredia University between 2016 and 2017. Material andmethods:The research was descriptive, retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional. The variables considered were the diagnoses of functional occlusal disorders, classifying them by gender, age, educational level, and location. A database comprising all digitized medical records was used with a case presentation planned and accepted by the tutoring teacher and a certificate of commitment accepted by the patient. Results: It was found that the most common diagnosis was collapsed occlusion (38.69% of diagnoses, n = 166), followed by occlusal disharmony (36.13%, n = ...
16
artículo
Publicado 2024
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Background: A substantial number of children in the world are regularly subjected to physical punishment by their parents as a method of upbringing. Evidence suggests that it has negative effects on the development of brain function. However, evidence regarding its association with verbal communication is limited and heterogeneous. It is also unknown whether the effects are the same in both boys and girls; especially in the contexts of developing countries, where the highest rates of physical punishment are found. Objective: This investigation aimed at analyzing the association between physical punishment administered by both fathers and mothers and effective verbal communication among children aged 9–36 months according to sex. Methods: A secondary analytical cross-sectional study was conducted based on the 2018–2019 Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey. Physical punishment...
17
tesis de grado
Publicado 2023
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El documento es un proyecto de tesis que se centra en la relación entre el rendimiento físico y las medidas antropométricas en adultos mayores. Se propone utilizar el Test Alusti abreviado y la Ficha ISAK para evaluar el rendimiento físico y las medidas antropométricas respectivamente. El marco teórico proporciona antecedentes sobre estudios similares y bases conceptuales sobre el rendimiento físico en adultos mayores. Se plantea la formulación de hipótesis y se detalla un presupuesto que incluye recursos humanos, bienes y servicios necesarios para llevar a cabo el proyecto. Además, se mencionan investigaciones previas que han evaluado el rendimiento físico en adultos mayores, proporcionando resultados relevantes para el tema. El objetivo principal es contribuir al conocimiento sobre la relación entre el rendimiento físico y las medidas antropométricas en adultos mayores, c...
18
tesis de grado
Publicado 2024
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El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el funcionamiento familiar y la percepción de estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez de los estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad de Chiclayo, 2023. El estudio se basó en un enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental transversal correlacional. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 238 estudiantes del primer al décimo ciclo de la carrera profesional de enfermería, de la Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo que cumplieron con los criterios de selección especificados. Se utilizó una técnica de muestreo probabilístico del tipo estratificado y aleatorio simple. Además, se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta usando 2 cuestionarios (FF-SIL, CENVE) que medirán el funcionamiento familiar y los estereotipos hacia la vejez, los cuales cuentan con criterios de validez (criterio, conteni...
19
artículo
Publicado 2009
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Introduction: the quality of life related to health is perhaps one of the most objective measure of health. Provides a more comprehensive, integral and valid health status. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the perception of Health-Related Quality of Life in elderly adults living in Chiclayo, and to identify the epidemiological characteristics related with such perception. Methods: A cluster sampling method was used, 400 subjects were interviewed using 2 instruments, a social and epidemiological form and a quality of life questionnaire based on the SF-36 Health Survey, and the variables assessed were as follows: physical functioning, physical role, body pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional role, and mental health. Results: Subjects included in the survey were mainly female (56.25%), with a mean age 71.29 ± 7.90 years; more th...
20
artículo
Publicado 2012
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Introduction: A negative disposition influences the attitudes of health care professionals, since this is often based on erroneous assumptions about the usefulness of chronological age as a functional marker or with respect to elderly persons' ability to contribute to society. Material and Method: This is a study for validating an instrument, the Kogan's attitudes towards older people, and to determine attitudes towards the elderly in primary health care personnel in Tumbes. Results: A language validation was performed, the instrument was assessed by specifically appointed raters, and its reliability was also determined. Finally, the validated survey was administered to primary health care workers in Tumbes Health Direction. A 0,81 concordance coefficient (kappa) between translators and re-translators was found. The validity of the instrument was estimated on the basis of the assessment ...
