En la alpaca adulta y en fetos de tercer tercio de gestación, el cuerno uterino izquierdo es más grande que el derecho, además de que presenta ventaja en cuanto a la irrigación. El presente trabajo buscó identificar el momento de diferenciación del tamaño de los cuernos uterinos y los factores anatómicos que influencian esta diferencia, basándose en las relaciones topográficas de éstos con los órganos vecinos y en las características vasculares. Con tal fin, se trabajaron muestras de fetos hembras de diferentes tamaños obtenidos en el Camal Municipal de la Ciudad de Huancavelica, Perú. Los resultados del estudio topográfico indicaron la influencia del desarrollo del estómago y del bazo sobre la forma y la posición del útero, así como la influencia de la flexura del colon sigmoideo sobre el menor tamaño del cuerno uterino derecho. Además, se encontró diferencia sign...

In aquaculture, the intensification of cultures of aquatic organisms to obtain large volumes of production leads to the establishment of an environment that generates stress. These conditions weaken the immune system of these organisms, which increases the spread of diseases and generates great economic losses. One of the factors responsible for the mortality of cultivated species is fungal infections. In farms, the handling procedures that are carried out during the incubation, rearing and fattening stages are important for the final yield. One of the crucial stages is incubation as there is usually a high degree of mortality at this stage. Several studies have been conducted using chemical products for the prophylaxis, disinfection and control of mycoses. This use has caused the resistance of pathogens and the accumulation of residues in the tissues of aquatic organisms or in the envir...

Objetivos: Comparar los aspectos morfológicos del tracto genital fetal y adulto de la alpaca y la llama. Material y métodos: se realizó el estudio anatómico del útero de cinco fetos de llama y cinco fetos de alpaca, ambos de tercer tercio de gestación, once úteros de alpacas adultas y cinco úteros de llamasadultas. Las muestras de útero se estudiaron por observación anatómica y morfometría. Resultados: Mediante los estudios morfométricos se pudo observar que existía diferencia significativa en el tamaño de ambos cuernos uterinosa favor del lado izquierdo. La relación existente entre el cuerno uterino derecho y el cuerno uterino izquierdo en la alpaca adulta es de 0,79 y en la llama adulta la razón de las medidas es mayor, 0,85 para la longitud y 0,87 para el ancho. En los úteros fetales tanto en llama como en alpaca, se observó que existía diferencia significativa ent...

Paneth cells have an important function in the defense and protection mechanisms of the gastrointestinal tract in several animal species through secretions, e.g. as lysozime, secretory phospholipase A2 and defensins. The aim of this study was to identify the Paneth cells in the small intestine of baby alpacas. Eighteen culled animals between 1 and 21 days of age were used. Duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples were taken. Samples were fixed in 10% formalin, processed and stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H-E) and Masson trichromic. An anti-lizozime polyclonal antibody was used for immunohistochemistry. Typical Paneth cells were not identified with H-E and Masson trichromic stains, whereas lysozime granules were identified in the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn of duodenum, jejunum and ileum by immunohistochemistry since the first day of age. The number in jejunum and ileum was greater bet...

Las células de Paneth cumplen un importante rol en los mecanismos de defensa y protección del tracto gastrointestinal en varias especies animales a través de sus secreciones como lisozima, fosfolipasa A2 secretoria y defensinas. El estudio tuvo por objetivo identificar las células de Paneth en el intestino delgado de crías de alpacas. Se utilizaron 18 animales de descarte entre 1 y 21 días de edad. Se tomaron muestras de duodeno, yeyuno e íleon, que fueron fijadas en formol al 10%. Se prepararon cortes histológicos con hematoxilina-eosina (H-E) y tricrómico de Masson. Mediante inmunohistoquímica con un anticuerpo policlonal antilisozima se identificó la presencia de gránulos de lisozima. Con las coloraciones no se pudo identificar en forma precisa las células típicas de Paneth, mientras que mediante inmunohistoquímica se observó células con presencia de gránulos de liso...

The aim of this study was to determine the glycosylation pattern in the uterine endometrium of alpacas with and without superovulation treatment. Uterine tissues were obtained from five non-treated alpacas with ovarian follicles less than 4 mm and five superovulated alpacas where FSH, GnRH and hCG was used. Samples from theuterus and uterine horns were analyzed by histochemistry (PAS and alcian blue) and lectinhistochemistry techniques. Fourteen lectins were used and PNA, RCA-1, ConA, DBA, WGA, Swga, GS, LCA, SJA and PHA-L showed different glycosilation patterns in the endometrium between both groups, indicating that the hormonal treatment could affect the expression of glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins. Lectins PNA, SJA, SBA, ConA, LCA and PSA showed different glycosilation patterns between the two uterine horns, indicating that the glycoconjugates that have affinity ...

The aim of this study was to determine the glycosylation pattern in the uterine endometrium of alpacas with and without superovulation treatment. Uterine tissues were obtained from five non-treated alpacas with ovarian follicles less than 4 mm and five superovulated alpacas where FSH, GnRH and hCG was used. Samples from theuterus and uterine horns were analyzed by histochemistry (PAS and alcian blue) and lectinhistochemistry techniques. Fourteen lectins were used and PNA, RCA-1, ConA, DBA, WGA, Swga, GS, LCA, SJA and PHA-L showed different glycosilation patterns in the endometrium between both groups, indicating that the hormonal treatment could affect the expression of glycoconjugates that have affinity for these lectins. Lectins PNA, SJA, SBA, ConA, LCA and PSA showed different glycosilation patterns between the two uterine horns, indicating that the glycoconjugates that have affinity ...

The aim of this study was to analyse the histological characteristics of the liver of the llama. Twenty adult llamas, males and females, with an average age of two years were studied. Samples were processed using the following techniques: haematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson's trichrome stain, reticulin, orcein, PAS, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. The characteristics of the liver parenchyma and stroma were similar to those found in other mammals. However, interlobular connective tissue similar to that described for the genus Camelus was not observed. The differences in the liver of the species of the Camelus and Lama genuses showed the need to carry out studies of the organs in all species and highlights the importance of not generalizing from other species of the same family.