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Abstract We designed a 16S rRNA gene PCR-RFLP scheme to identify all currently described Bartonella spp. The 16S rRNA genes of all Bartonella spp. were in-silico analyzed in order to design a RFLP technique able to discriminate among different species. The restriction enzymes selected were MaeIII, MseI, Sau96I, BsaAI, DrdI, FokI, BssHII, BstUI, AluI, TspDTI and HphI which, according to a decision-making tree, facilitated the differentiation of all the currently described species of Bartonella.The technique was experimentally tested in different species of Bartonella, including human pathogenic B. bacilliformis and B. henselae with a 100% of concordance with the in-silico predicted patterns.This novel RFLP assay could be used to identify both human and non-human pathogenic Bartonella in diagnostic, phylogenetic and epidemiologic studies.

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The arsenic content of a smelter's gaseous emissions represents a serious risk to human health, as they are reported in soils and waters. Within a smelter's operations, by-products with high arsenic content recirculate indefinitely instead of being drained. In order to provide an environmental alternative, the present research work evaluates the Acid Oxidative Leaching process that uses the H2SO4 - H2O2 mixture to dissolve the arsenides, which must be completed with environmental removal by precipitation as Scorodite; a process known and accepted worldwide. The optimal parameters obtained are: 240 kg/t of H2O2, concentration of 120 g/L of H2SO4, L/S ratio of 9/1 and as iron contributor: 170 kg/t of copper tailings, with which solutions of 56% As and 90% Cu; item whose recovery pays for the process.

Evalúa el proceso de Lixiviación Acida Oxidativa (LAO), que emplea la mezcla H2SO4 - H2O2 para disolver los arseniuros, seguido de la remoción ambiental del arsénico por precipitación como Escorodita; proceso conocido y de aceptación mundial con la finalidad de proporcionar una alternativa ambiental de remoción de arsénico de los arseniuros, componente principal de los recirculantes en una fundición de plomo. Se concluye que la lixiviación ácida oxidativa de los arseniuros disminuye las emisiones arsenicales, puesto que disuelve el 56 % del As que es drenado (no recirculado a los hornos), el 90 % de Cu disuelto, es fácilmente recuperado, el consumo de H2O2 fue optimizado a 240 kg/t, con 80 g/L de H2SO4, 80 oC y relación L/S de 9. La relación molar As/Fe >26 se logra con el uso relaves de cobre, como mejor aportante de Fe.

El presente proyecto de tesis busca implementar el módulo de extracción de una herramienta básica para Soluciones de Inteligencia de Negocios que cubra todos los procesos del ciclo de trabajo. La arquitectura permitirá que una organización provea el servicio de Inteligencia de Negocios a múltiples organizaciones. Además, se toma en cuenta la escalabilidad del producto para soportar mayor número de fuentes de datos en futuras versiones.

El presente proyecto de tesis busca implementar el módulo de extracción de una herramienta básica para Soluciones de Inteligencia de Negocios que cubra todos los procesos del ciclo de trabajo. La arquitectura permitirá que una organización provea el servicio de Inteligencia de Negocios a múltiples organizaciones. Además, se toma en cuenta la escalabilidad del producto para soportar mayor número de fuentes de datos en futuras versiones.

En la presente investigación se diseñó y construyó un prototipo de campos magnéticos con un núcleo ferromagnético, el cual se utilizó en el proceso de obtención de pulpa de aguaymanto (Physalis peruviana L.) para conservar la vitamina C; se aplicaron los campos magnéticos a 3 muestras durante tiempos de 5, 10 y 20 minutos, con una intensidad de 20000 Gauss, teniendo un total de 3 tratamientos, los cuales se compararon con dos testigos T0 (pulpa natural) y T4 (pulpa pasteurizada) luego se evaluó el % de grados brix, pH y se realizó el análisis de Vitamina C a las muestras con y sin aplicación de campos magnéticos al inicio y cuarto dia de aplicar los tratamientos, la muestra al cual se le aplico campos magnéticos durante un tiempo de 20 min, conservo mayor contenido de vitamina C en la pulpa de aguaymanto obteniendo como resultado final T3 (20min) = 23.72mg/100gr. A compar...

La infección oportunista por el complejo Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAC por sus siglas en inglés) en pacientes con infección por VIH es una causa de morbilidad grave y mortalidad (1), a considerar principalmente en países donde el diagnóstico de VIH todavía es tardío y con enfermedad avanzada.

Objective: To investigate antiviral activity of maca to reduce viral load in kidney (MDCK) cells infected with influenza type A and B viruses (Flu-A and MFalud-inB-, Dreasrpbeyc ctiavneilny)e. Methods: Maca were extracted with methanol (1:2, v/v). The cell viability and toxicity of the eaxgtariancstts Fwluer-eA e avnaldu aFtleud- oBn v MirDusCeKs cwealsls a usssianyge dm uetshinogd aM TteTs ta sfosar yd. eAtenrtmiviinrainl ga ctthiev itiyn hoifb citoimonp oouf nthdes cytopathic effect on cell culture and multiplex RT-PCR. Results: The methanol extract of maca showed low cytotoxicity and inhibited influenza-induced cytopathic effect significantly, while viral load was reduced via inhibition of viral growth in MDCK infected cells. Maca contains potent inhibitors of Flu-A and Flu-B with a selectivity index [cytotoxic concentration 50%/IC50] of 157.4 and 110.5, respectively. Conclusions: In ...

Introducción: El VIH/SIDA todavía es un problema para la salud global, con una epidemiología compleja y dinámica en el tiempo. Objetivo: Determinar la tendencia sobre la variación temporal del recuento de Linfocitos T CD4+ basal al momento diagnóstico de VIH en pacientes atendidos en un hospital de la seguridad social de Lima, Perú. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, que se basó en un análisis secundario de datos de los pacientes que se atendieron en un hospital de la seguridad social durante el periodo 1999-2012, se tomó las variables socio-patológicas de los pacientes y confeccionó gráficos de tendencia. Resultados: De los pacientes atendidos en este período, el 70% fueron hombres y la mediana de edad fue 34 años. Se encontró un incremento en la tendencia de la variación temporal del recuento promedio de linfocitos T CD4+ basal al momento diagnóstico, y disminución del n...

jdelvall@upc.edu.pe

Artículo sustentado el 30 de Enero 2014 para la obtención del título profesional Médico Cirujano en la Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC.

The main aim of this study was to establish the resistance levels to antimicrobial agents, in 222 non-pathogenic E. Coli strains of fecal origin in Peru. The proportion of resistance found to the evaluated antimicrobials was ampicillin (62.6%), cotrimoxazole (48,6%), tetracycline (43,0%) and chloramphenicol (15,8%). We emphasize the high resistance levels found for quinolones: 32% for nalidixic acid (NAL) and 12% for ciprofloxacin (CIP). These high levels of quinoloneresistance in non-pathogenic strains isolated from children in this age group highlight the extensive use and the impact of the intake of this kind of antimicrobials in the community, showing the potential risk of the loss of their utility in the area.

AIG, CFL, SM, JR participaron en la concepción y diseño del estudio; AIG, CFL, MM, TJO y JR en el aporte de pacientes o material de estudio; CFL, TJO y JR en la obtención del financiamiento; TJO, SM, MJP, JR, y LJdV participaron el análisis e interpretación de los datos. Todos los autores participaron de la recolección de resultados, revisión crítica del manuscrito, aprobación de su versión final.

Background Arboviral diseases are one of the most common causes of acute febrile illness (AFI) and a significant health problem in South America. In Peru, laboratory etiologic identification of these infections occurs in less than 50% of cases, leading to underdiagnoses of important emerging arboviruses. Aim To assess the prevalence of the Dengue (DENV), Oropouche (OROV), Chikungunya (CHIKV), Mayaro (MAYV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses in patients with acute febrile illness from Puerto Maldonado (Peru). Methodology Serum samples were obtained from patients with AFI during January 2016 to March 2016. A total of 139 specimens were analyzed for the presence of DENV, OROV, CHIKV, MAYV, and ZIKV using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results CHIKV in 9.4% and OROV in 8.6% were the most prevalent arboviruses, followed by DENV and ZIKV, with a prevalence of 6.5% and 5%, respectively. Among all patien...

Background: Dengue is the most prevalent acute febrile disease with serious clinical consequences in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and America. In Peru, it represents a significant public health issue due to its hyperendemic nature, with serotype 2 (DENV-2) being the predominant serotype that leads to the most severe clinical manifestations of the disease. This study focuses on the molecular characterization and analysis of the intraserotypic diversity of DENV-2 circulating in the endemic region of Cajamarca. Methods: A total of 3,967 blood serum samples from patients with acute febrile illness (AFI) were analyzed between 2016 and 2022 to detect DENV and DENV-2 using real-time RT-PCR. The viral envelope (E) gene was then sequenced using the Sanger method. Finally, phylogenetic reconstruction was conducted using the maximum likelihood method. Results: A total of 32 complete...

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of infection caused by the Oropouche virus (OROV) in 496 patients with acute febrile disease (AFI), whose samples were obtained for the analysis of endemic arboviruses in a previous investigation carried out in 2016. Results: OROV was detected in 26.4% (131/496) of serum samples from patients with AFI. Co-infections with Dengue virus (7.3%), Zika virus (1.8%) and Chikungunya (0.2%) were observed. The most common clinical symptoms reported among the patients with OROV infections were headache 85.5% (112/131), myalgia 80.9% (106/131), arthralgia 72.5% (95/131) and loss of appetite 67.9% (89/131). Headache and myalgia were predominant in all age groups. Both OROV infections and co-infections were more frequent in May, June and July corresponding to the dry season of the region.

Background: At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus denominated SARS-CoV-2 rapidly spread through the world causing the pandemic coronavirus disease known as COVID-19. The difference in the inflammatory response against SARS-CoV-2 infection among people living at different altitudes is a variable not yet studied. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in two Peruvian cities at different altitudes for comparison: Lima and Huaraz. Five important proinflammatory cytokines were measured including: IL-6, IL-2, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α using ELISA assays. Results: A total of 35 COVID-19 patients and 10 healthy subjects were recruited from each study site. The mean levels of IL-6 (p < 0.03) and TNF-α (p < 0.01) were significantly different among the study groups. In the case of IL-6, patients from Lima had a mean level of 16.2 pg/ml (healthy) and 48.3 pg/ml (COVID-19), mean...