This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Calceolaria myriophylla "shoe" in the metabolic syndrome induced by fructose in rats. Was made qualitative phytochemical analysis and used 48 male albino rats of race Holtzmann 2 months old with a weight fluctuated between 180 and 200 g, was performed induction of metabolic syndrome in rats by oral administration of fructose to 60% for 90 days and work according to the following design: six groups of eight animals each group divided into control group, fructose group, fructose group more ethanolic extract (03 groups at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg, respectively and fructose more drugs (atorvastatin 20 mg/kg group and 20 mg captopril mg/kg in combination), treatments were administered orally for 90 days. Were observed decreased levels glucose, lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides), systolic an...

Objective of this experimental study was to determine the antihypertensive and toxic activities of methanolic extract from Calceolaria myriophylla (zapatilla). Male albino mice Mus musculus BALB/c of two months, 25±5 g weigth, were used for induction of hypertension with N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) administered at doses of 130 mg/kg/day, orally for seven days, measuring baseline and post induction blood pressure. The mice were divided into six groups of ten animals: negative control (distilled water), positive control (L-NAME), experimental groups at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg of methanolic extract, and enalapril group to doses 75 mg/kg. The treatment was administered for 30 days continuous and blood pressure was measured every five days. The study of chronic toxicity was determined to repeated doses for 60 days in normotensive rats, divided into three groups of six an...

Objective of this experimental study was to determine the subchronic toxicity and possible teratogenic effect of ethanol extract from Chuquiraga spinosa (huamanpinta) in Holtzman rats. Was used for the determination of subchronic toxicity 60 rats (30 males and 30 females); the first, control, group received saline solution 4 mL/kg and the second group extract at 200 mg/kg during four consecutive months, making evaluation hematological and biochemical the second, third and fourth month. At the end of the trial (fourth month) was made pathological examination. The determination of possible teratogenic effect was performed using 40 female rats and ten male rats. Female rats recived 200 mg/kg daily by a month before mating and until the birth of brood, was evaluated the number implementations to uterine horns level, live and dead fetuses, and external morphological abnormalities of the offsp...

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto del extracto etanólico de Calceolaria myriophylla “zapatilla” en el síndrome metabólico inducido por fructosa en ratas. Se realizó el análisis fitoquímico cualitativo y se utilizó 48 ratas albinas machos de raza Holtzmann de 2 meses de edad con un peso que fluctuó entre 180 a 200 g. Se realizó la inducción del síndrome metabólico en ratas mediante la administración, vía oral, de fructosa al 60% durante 90 días y se trabajo según el siguiente diseño: seis grupos de ocho animales cada uno, divididos en grupo control, grupo fructosa, grupo fructosa más extracto etanólico (03 grupos a dosis de 200, 400 y 600 mg/kg, respectivamente y fructosa más medicamentos (atorvastatina 20 mg/kg y captopril 20 mg/kg en combinación); los tratamientos se administraron vía oral por 90 días. Se observo una disminución de l...

El presente estudio experimental tuvo como objetivo determinar las actividades antihipertensiva y tóxica del extracto metanólico de Calceolaria myriophylla (zapatilla). Se utilizaron ratones albinos machos Mus musculus BALB/c, de dos meses con peso de 25±5 gramos para la inducción de hipertensión arterial con la administración de N-nitro-L-arginina metíl eter (L-NAME) a dosis de 130 mg/kg/día, vía oral durante siete días, midiéndose la presión arterial basal, y post inducción. Los ratones fueron divididos en seis grupos de diez animales: grupo control negativo (agua destilada), control positivo (L-NAME), grupos experimentales a dosis de 200, 400 y 600 mg/kg del extracto metanólico, y enalapril a 75 mg/kg. Se administró el tratamiento durante 30 días continuos, midiendo la presión arterial cada cinco días. El estudio de toxicidad crónica se determinó a dosis repetidas ...

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la toxicidad subcrónica y posible efecto teratogénico del extracto etanólico de Chuquiraga spinosa (huamanpinta) en ratas de raza Holtzmann. Para la determinación de la toxicidad subcrónica se utilizaron 60 ratas (30 machos y 30 hembras); el primer grupo, control, recibió suero fisiológico 4 mL/kg y el segundo grupo 200 mg/kg de extracto durante cuatro meses consecutivos, realizando la evaluación hematológica y bioquímica al segundo, tercer y cuarto mes. Al final del ensayo (cuarto mes) se realizó el examen anatomopatológico. La determinación del posible efecto teratogénico se realizó utilizando 40 ratas hembras y diez ratas machos. Las ratas hembras recibieron 200 mg/kg diariamente durante un mes antes del apareamiento y, hasta el nacimiento de las crías, se evaluaron el número implantaciones a nivel de cuernos uterinos,...

This experimental study was to evaluate the effect of prednisone on the ratio of the length of tooth movement in rats (Rattus norvegicus). The evaluation of this relationship was performed in 20 male Wistar rats 12 weeks of age, weighing 225 ± 25 g, to which adapted a orthodontic breaker in their upper central incisors, were then randomly divided into two groups: control (physiological saline to 2 mL/kg) and experimental (prednisone 20 mg/kg ip), the treatment began five days before placement of the device and then to the first, third and fifth day. With a gauge, was measured the interincisisor distance to finish placing the device, as so as to the first, third, fifth and seventh day. On the 1st day of testing, the control group and the experimental group had a interincisiva distance 1,13 ± 0,18 mm and 0,24 ± 0,09 mm and the 7th day was 1,76 ± 0,14 mm and 1,56 ± 0,20 mm, respectivel...

This study aimed to demonstrate the estrogenic properties of the hydroalcoholic extract of Medicago sativa L (alfalfa) in albino rats ovariectomized (OVX). Were used 48 albino Sprague Dawley rats of 200 to 250 g, 8 weeks of age, of whom 40 underwent surgical removal of both ovaries, following the technique of bilateral ovariectomy on the flank. After the post-operative were divided into six groups and hydroalcoholic extract was administered orally under the following scheme of work: Group 1 negative control: (OVX), vehicle of the extract 2mL/kg; Group 2 positive control: (OVX), estradiol subcutaneous 3 µg/kg; Group 3, 4 y 5: (OVX) more extract 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, respectively; and Group 6: not OVX control the surgical procedure (SHAM). The treatment lasted 14 days and was evaluated the body weight, uterine weight, changes of oestrus by vaginal smears and hormonal profile analysis. ...

This experimental study was to evaluate the effect of prednisone on the ratio of the length of tooth movement in rats (Rattus norvegicus). The evaluation of this relationship was performed in 20 male Wistar rats 12 weeks of age, weighing 225 ± 25 g, to which adapted a orthodontic breaker in their upper central incisors, were then randomly divided into two groups: control (physiological saline to 2 mL/kg) and experimental (prednisone 20 mg/kg ip), the treatment began five days before placement of the device and then to the first, third and fifth day. With a gauge, was measured the interincisisor distance to finish placing the device, as so as to the first, third, fifth and seventh day. On the 1st day of testing, the control group and the experimental group had a interincisiva distance 1,13 ± 0,18 mm and 0,24 ± 0,09 mm and the 7th day was 1,76 ± 0,14 mm and 1,56 ± 0,20 mm, respectivel...

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo demostrar las propiedades estrogénicas del extracto hidroalcohólico de Medicago sativa L (alfalfa) en ratas albinas ovariectomizadas (OVX). Se utilizaron 48 ratas albinas Sprague Dawley, hembras, de 200 a 250 g, de 8 semanas de edad, de las cuales 40 fueron sometidas a extirpación quirúrgica de ambos ovarios siguiendo la técnica de ovariectomía bilateral por el flanco. Luego del post-operatorio se dividieron en seis grupos y se administró el extracto hidroalcohólico por vía oral bajo el siguiente esquema de trabajo: Grupo 1 control negativo: (OVX), vehículo del extracto 2mL/kg; Grupo 2 control positivo: (OVX), estradiol subcutáneo 3µg/kg; Grupo 3, 4 y 5: (OVX) más extracto a 100, 500 y 1000 mg/kg, respectivamente; y Grupo 6: No OVX, control del procedimiento quirúrgico (SHAM). El tratamiento duró 14 días y se evaluó el peso corporal...

In present investigation was estimated the loss of soil by water erosion, which is the main environmental problem that limits food production because to affect adversely the ability of the soil to sustain productive agriculture, threatening to rural populations whose economy and nourishment are based on agricultural food production. To estimating soil loss, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE for its acronym in English) and a methodology based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used, which yielded results in quantity, intensity and location of the phenomenon. Were identified soils with medium, high, very high, and critical erosion degree in the districts of Lluta and Huanca from Caylloma province, being studied the trend to produce alfalfa since 12 years ago because is the permanent crop employee to feed cattle milk producer to meet the demand of the company GLORIA S.A., and...

En la presente investigación se estimó la pérdida de suelos por erosión hídrica, que es el principal problema ambiental que limita la producción de alimentos al influir negativamente en la capacidad del suelo para sostener una agricultura productiva, poniendo en riesgo a poblaciones rurales cuya economía y alimentación se basan en la producción agrícola de alimentos. En la estimación de pérdida de suelos se empleó la Ecuación Universal de Perdida de Suelos (USLE, por sus siglas en inglés) y una metodología basada en los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG), los que generaron resultados en cantidad, intensidad y localización del fenómeno en estudio. Se identificaron suelos con erosión media, alta, muy alta y crítica en los distritos de Lluta y Huanca de la provincia de Caylloma, estudiándose la tendencia de la producción agrícola (12 años) de alfalfa, por ser...

The present study aimed to determine the effect of the essential oil of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) on the external otitis in dogs by Malassezia spp. Were used 38 animals, 22 had bilateral otitis and 16 unilateral (60 ears). Were collected the ear discharge of both ears using sterile swabs and samples were evaluated by performing yeast count per field, after had been subjected to Wright staining. Were made stable dilutions of essential oil of oregano in mineral oil at 1, 2 and 5%. The evaluation of the antifungal effect in vivo was determined by comparing the three dilutions with clotrimazole 1%, used as positive control, and with pure mineral oil in placebo group. The effectiveness of the effect of the dilutions was compared by counting yeasts visual field to the 3rd and 8th day of treatment. Got Better effect to the 8th day with the essential oil of oregano (AEO) 5% with 75% of ears ...

The objective of the study was to determine the effect gastroprotector of ethanolic extract of Clinopodium bolivianum on gastric injuries induced in mice, were used 36 albino male mice Balb/C, between 30-35 g, previously fasted for 24 h, only with water ad libitum. The gastric were injuries induced with indomethacin 2,5 mg/Kg (s.c.) one hour before administering the extract, complementing 20 minutes after with ethanol 96%, 0,1 mL orally. The experimental design was composed by: G1 negative control; G2 positive control; G3 ranitidine 50 mg Kg; G4, G5 y G6 extract 50, 150 y 300 mg/kg, respectively. An hour later, the stomachs were extracted and evaluated as harmful signs: inflammation, hemorrhagic bands and gastric ulcer; and then histological studies were performed. In the results Inca muña ethanolic extract showed secondary metabolites as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, triterpenos and ...

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto del aceite esencial de orégano (Origanum vulgare L.) sobre la otitis externa por Malassezia spp. en perros. Se emplearon 38 animales, 22 de los cuales presentaron otitis bilateral y 16 otitis unilateral (60 orejas). Se colectó la secreción ótica de ambos oídos con ayuda de hisopos estériles y las muestras se evaluaron efectuando el conteo de levaduras por campo visual después de haber sido sometidas a tinción Wright. Se realizaron diluciones estables del aceite esencial de orégano en aceite mineral al 1, 2 y 5%. La evaluación del efecto antifúngico in vivo se realizó comparando las tres diluciones con clotrimazol al 1% −utilizado como control positivo− y con aceite mineral puro en el grupo placebo. La eficacia del efecto de las diluciones se comparó mediante el conteo de levaduras por campo visual al 3er y 8vo d...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto gastroprotector del extracto etanólico de Clinopodium bolivianum “inca muña” en lesiones gástricas inducidas en ratones. Se utilizaron 36 ratones albinos machos de la cepa Balb/C, de peso entre 30-35 g, previamente mantenidos en ayuno 24 h, solo con agua ad libitum. Las lesiones gástricas fueron inducidas con indometacina 2,5 mg/Kg (s.c.) una hora antes de administrar el extracto, complementando luego de 20 minutos con etanol 96%, 0,1 mL por vía oral. El diseño experimental estuvo conformado por: G1 control negativo; G2 control positivo; G3 ranitidina 50 mg/Kg; G4, G5 y G6 extracto de inca muña a dosis de 50, 150 y 300 mg/kg, respectivamente. Una hora después se extrajeron los estómagos y se evaluaron signos lesivos como: inflamación, bandas hemorrágicas y úlcera gástrica, y luego se realizaron estudios histológi...

The objective of the study was to determine the healing effect of Colletia spinosissima (tacsana) shampoo based on induced injuries in mouse skin. Were used 36 albino mice, weighing between 30-35 g; to which was depilated in the dorsal area, applying lidocaine gel 4% in the depilated area to induce lesions (wounds) on the skin. The animals were allocated into five groups, each group consisting of six mice. The experimental design was composed as follows: G1: negative control, G2: positive control; G3, G4 and G5 formulated 10%; 20%; and 30%, respectively; G6: Pantene®. The liquid shampoo was administered twice daily for fourteen consecutive days. Results shows that in groups 4 and 5 was reduced the injury to the skin on the fourth day, the animals of group 5 exhibited a process of scabs and skin repair, with collagen formation in the histological study. It is concluded that liquid based ...

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto cicatrizante del champú a base de Colletia spinosissima (tacsana) en lesiones inducidas en piel del ratón. Se utilizaron 36 ratones albinos, de peso entre 30-35 g, a los que se depiló en la zona dorsal, aplicándose lidocaína gel al 4% en la zona depilada para inducir lesiones (heridas) en la piel. Los animales fueron asignados en cinco grupos, cada uno constituido por seis ratones. El diseño experimental estuvo conformado de la siguiente manera: G1: Control negativo; G2: Control positivo; G3, G4 y G5: formulado al 10%; 20%; y 30%, respectivamente; G6: Pantene®. Se administró el champú líquido dos veces al día, por catorce días consecutivos. En los resultados se observó en los grupos 4 y 5 disminución de la lesión sobre la piel al cuarto día, los animales del grupo 5 presentaron un proceso de costras y reparación de la piel...

Objectives: To determine whether oral administration of Mimosa pudica (mimosa) leaves ethanol extract modifies fertility in normal rats. Design: Experimental study. Setting: Instituto de Investigaciones Clinicas, Facultad de Medicina, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Hospital Nacional Hipolito Unanue, Lima, Peru. Biological material: Albino rats and Mimosa pudica leaves. Methods: Forty-eight animals were divided randomly into groups of six animals each. The first was control and received saline solution 5 mL/kg and the others 50, 250 and 500 mg/kg oral extracts for 28 days. Each group considered 6 males and 6 females together. The animals were killed to observe the presence of fetuses in uterus. FSH, estradiol and progesterone levels were determined in μg /dL in female rats’ blood samples and hormone dosage was done by electrochemoluminiscence method. In...

Objetives: To determine the gastroprotector effect of Copaifera officinalis oil using indomethacin and pyloric ligature in rats. Design: Preclinical study. Setting: Faculties of Medicine, Pharmacy and Biochemistry, National University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biological material: Rats and copaiba oil. Interventions: Copaiba oil was collected in Ucayali, Pucallpa. Cytoprotection was tested with indomethacin considering a normal control group, and indomethacin, copaiba and omeprazole groups. Using visual analogue scale mucosa gastric injuries were referred as those compatible with local necrosis (unviable tissue), hyperemia, flushing, and hemorrhage, and ulcers according to the modified Macallister’s scale. The anti-secretion trial used the pyloric ligature model. Twenty-four albino rats were randomized in three groups: control, copaiba oil 40 mg/kg and omeprazole 10 mg/kg, respectivel...