The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii) in an alpaca farm in the southern part of Peru. Blood samples of 278 alpacas (68 male and 210 females) of different ages were collected and analyzed using the indirect immunofluorescense test. The prevalence was 34.5% (CI0.95 = 28.9 ? p ? 40.1%). The prevalence was significantly affected (p<0.05) by sex (males: 3.0; females: 44.8%) and age (?3 years = 16.7; > 3 years = 40.8).

The study aimed to estimate the level of agreement between two serological diagnosis tests for toxoplasmosis in swine. The ELISA and the Indirect Hemagglutination Test were evaluated using blood sera collected in slaughterhouses from 303 pigs in Sao Paulo, Brazil and 93 pigs in Lima, Peru. The Kappa coefficient of agreement on the Brazilian sera was 26.0% and the confidence interval at 95% were 7.7 - 44.3% (P <0.05), whereas on the Peruvian sera was 36.6% and the confidence interval at 95% were 18.0 - 55.3% (P <0.01). Besides this, when considering the ELISA test as the reference test, the Indirect Hemagglutination Test had a co-positive reaction of 48.3% and a co-negative reaction of 86.5% in the Brazilian sera, and a co-positive reaction of 80.6% and a co-negative reaction of 61.3% in the Peruvian sera.

La toxoplasmosis producida por el Toxoplasma gondii constituye la zoonosis parasitaria más frecuente. Se estima que el 60% de personas son reactoras a esta parasitosis a nivel mundial (Amato Neto et al., 1995). La ocurrencia de toxoplasmosis ha estado mayormente ligada a cuadros de carácter subclínico, y el interés de esta parasitosis estaba circunscrita a problemas de mortalidad neonatal y abortos, siendo muy baja la frecuencia de casos clínicos (Frenkel, 1971; Scott, 1978); sin embargo, con el advenimiento del Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA), esta protozoonosis se ha convertido en motivo de preocupación por parte de las autoridades sanitarias internacionales de salud.

The study aimed to estimate the level of agreement between two serological diagnosis tests for toxoplasmosis in swine. The ELISA and the Indirect Hemagglutination Test were evaluated using blood sera collected in slaughterhouses from 303 pigs in Sao Paulo, Brazil and 93 pigs in Lima, Peru. The Kappa coefficient of agreement on the Brazilian sera was 26.0% and the confidence interval at 95% were 7.7 - 44.3% (P <0.05), whereas on the Peruvian sera was 36.6% and the confidence interval at 95% were 18.0 - 55.3% (P <0.01). Besides this, when considering the ELISA test as the reference test, the Indirect Hemagglutination Test had a co-positive reaction of 48.3% and a co-negative reaction of 86.5% in the Brazilian sera, and a co-positive reaction of 80.6% and a co-negative reaction of 61.3% in the Peruvian sera.

Con la finalidad de evaluar la situación de la toxoplasmosis porcina en la ciudad de Lima y comparar las frecuencias de esta zoonosis en animales procedentes de dos tipos de crianza, se obtuvieron muestras de sueros de 31O cerdos, de los cuales 155 (machos n=77 y hembras n=78) fueron de crianza tecnificada y 155 (machos n=73 y hembras n=82) de crianza no tecnificada durante su beneficio en dos mataderos de esta ciuaad. La evaluación se efectuó a través de kits comerciales de la prueba de hemaglutinación indirecta, en forma cualitativa y cuantitativa. Los resultados, determinaron una frecuencia de reactores a toxoplasmosis de 25.16% con intervalo de confianza de 95% entre 18.33% y 31.99% en animales de una granja de crianza tecnificada y 14.84% con intervalo de confianza de 95% entre 9.24% y 20.44% en animales de crianza no tecnificada. Las evaluaciones de reactores a toxoplasmosis s...

Con la finalidad de evaluar la situación de la toxoplasmosis porcina en la ciudad de Lima y comparar las frecuencias de esta zoonosis en animales procedentes de dos tipos de crianza, se obtuvieron muestras de sueros de 31O cerdos, de los cuales 155 (machos n=77 y hembras n=78) fueron de crianza tecnificada y 155 (machos n=73 y hembras n=82) de crianza no tecnificada durante su beneficio en dos mataderos de esta ciuaad. La evaluación se efectuó a través de kits comerciales de la prueba de hemaglutinación indirecta, en forma cualitativa y cuantitativa. Los resultados, determinaron una frecuencia de reactores a toxoplasmosis de 25.16% con intervalo de confianza de 95% entre 18.33% y 31.99% en animales de una granja de crianza tecnificada y 14.84% con intervalo de confianza de 95% entre 9.24% y 20.44% en animales de crianza no tecnificada. Las evaluaciones de reactores a toxoplasmosis s...

The objective of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence ofLeptospira spp in two sheep farms in Puno, Peru. Blood samples (n=100) were collectedfrom March to May 2006 at the ILLPA Experminental Research Farm of INIA and theAsiruni farm. The samples were processed using the microscopic agglutinationserological test. The total prevalence was 57%, without differences between farms.

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de Leptospira spp en ovinos de dos ganaderías del departamento de Puno, Perú. Se recolectaron sueros de 100 ovinos entre marzo y mayo de 2006 de la Estación Experimental ILLPA (INIA) y de la Ganadería Asiruni. Las muestras se procesaron mediante la prueba serológica de aglutinación microscópica. La seroprevalencia total fue de 57%, sin diferencias entre ganaderías.

The aim of the study was to determine the association between cephalic biotype and severity of periodontal disease in dogs in a pet clinic in Lima between September 2008 and March 2009. Forty five patients’ heads older than one year were classified by the Cephalic Index in brachycephalic and not brachycephalic (mesaticephalic and dolicocephalic), and then, the teeth was evaluated through the Veterinary Periodontal Index. The result showed that 57.8% of animals had periodontal disease, where 81.2% were brachycephalic dogs and 44.8% were not brachycephalic (p<0.05). There was statistical association between missing teeth and presence of periodontal disease. The most affected teeth were premolars.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the haematologic values of agoutis (Dasyprocta fuliginosa) bred in captivity at the Patronato Parque Las Leyendas zoo (PATPAL). Twenty three animals were used (11 males and 12 females; 13 juvenile and 10 adults). They were anesthetized with a combination of Ketamine (10 mg/kg BW) and Xilacine (1 mg/kg BW) i.m. The haemathological analysis included haemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), count of erythrocytes (RBC) and leucocytes (WBC), mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and the leukocyte differential. The obtained values were: 6.17 x 106/μl RBC, 5,739 x 103/μl WBC, 40.4% Ht, 12.42 g/dl Hb, 66.56 fl MCV, 20.56 pg MCH, 30.88 g/dl MCHC; and 67.1% neutrophils, 29.6% lymphocytes, 2.39% eosinophils, 0.26% monocytes and 0.56% band neutrophils. The encountered values were si...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la asociación entre el biotipo cefálico y la severidad de la enfermedad periodontal, en los pacientes caninos de una clínica de animales menores de la ciudad de Lima entre septiembre de 2008 y marzo de 2009. Se trabajó con 45 pacientes mayores de un año de edad. Se les clasificó el tipo de cabeza mediante el Índice Cefálico en perros braquiocefálicos y no braquiocefálicos (mesaticefálico y dolicocefálico), y se les evaluó la dentadura mediante el Índice Veterinario Periodontal. El 57.8% de perros presentaron algún grado de enfermedad periodontal, siendo de 81.2% en el biotipo braquiocefálico y de 44.8% en el no braquiocefálico (p<0.05). Además, se encontró asociación estadística entre la ausencia de dientes y la presentación de la enfermedad periodontal. El tipo dentario más afectado fue el premolar.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los valores hematológicos del añuje (Dasyprocta fuliginosa) criado en cautiverio en el Zoológico Patronato Parque Las Leyendas (PATPAL). Se utilizaron 23 animales (11 machos y 12 hembras; 13 juveniles y 10 adultos). Los animales fueron anestesiados con una combinación de Ketamina (10 mg/kg peso vivo) y Xilacina (1 mg/kg peso vivo) i.m. El análisis hematológico incluyó hemoglobina (Hb), hematocrito (Ht), contaje de eritrocitos y leucocitos, Volumen Corpuscular Medio (VGM), Concentración de Hemoglobina Corpuscular Media (CHGM) y Hemoglobina Corpuscular Media (HCM), y el diferencial de leucocitos. Los resultados fueron: 6.17 x 106/μl eritrocitos, 5,739 x 103/μl leucocitos, 40.4% Ht, 12.42 g/dl Hb, 66.56 fl VGM, 20.56 pg HCM, 30.88 g/dl CHGM; y 67.1% neutrófilos, 29.6% linfocitos, 2.39% eosinófilos, 0.26% monocitos y 0.56% abastonad...

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica through coprological analysis in dairy cattle in the district of Huertas, province of Junin, Peru and to evaluate the efficacy of two anthelmintics frequently used in the region: triclabendazol (TBCZ) and albendazol (ABZ). Faecal samples were collected from 387 cows in 30 farms. Samples were analysed by the spontaneous sedimentation test and the modified Mc Master test. The prevalence of F. hepatica was 38.2%, with a mean of 16 eggs per gram of faeces (epg) and a range of 1 to 197 epg. Furthermore, 26 farms (86.7%) were positive to F. hepatica. The faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was used for evaluating the parasite resistance to the two anthelmintics. For this, 75 animals with more than 12 epg were selected and randomly allocated to two groups: a) TCBZ, 12 mg/kg body weight (n=39) and b) ABZ, 10 mg/...

The prevalence of bovine leptospirosis in 103 cattle (98 female and 5 male) from two farms of the Puno province were studied. Blood samples were collected during February and March 2005 (rainy season), and sera was confronted with four serovar reference of Leptospira interrogans by the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). Two positive samples with titres of 1:100 and 1:200 were detected, representing a prevalence of 2.9%. The involved serovar was Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae.

The objective of the present epidemiological study was to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in raised goats under a barn-feeding system in the districts of San Vicente, Nuevo Imperial and San Luis, Cañete Province, Lima. Blood samples were collected from 385 goats of three or more months of age, not vaccinated against caprine brucellosis and belonging to 21 herds. Results showed four sero-positive goats to the Rose Bengal test and only one to the Complement Fixation test. The prevalence of caprine brucellosis was estimated at 0.26 ± 0.04%. This low prevalence could be due to the positive effect of the Control and Eradication Program of Caprine Brucellosis conducted by the Peruvian Ministry of Health and the National Service of Agrarian Health (SENASA) since the year 2000 in the province of Cañete.

The main objective of the study was to determine the presence of dirofilariosis (D. immitis) in districts of Lima located along the Chillon river (Puente Piedra, Comas, Carabayllo, Los Olivos and Ventanilla). Blood samples were collected in vacuotainer tubes containing anticoagulant from 200 dogs of 1-10 years of age that were selected at random, without distinction among breeds and sex. Samples were processed using three diagnostic tests: the method of microcapillary, Knott modified for microfilarias, and the ELISA test that detects antigens of secretion and excretion of the adult parasite. The overall results indicated 3.2 ± 2.4% of infection when using the enzymatic ELISA test, whereas 1.5 ± 1.7% when using the Knott modified and the mircocapillary tests. The prevalence of dirofilariosis in the monitored districts was: 4.4% in all three tests in Puente Piedra, 5% using the ELISA tes...

Heartworm is a parasitic disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis. The adult form of the parasite can be found in the right heart and pulmonary arteries, especially in canines. The objective of the study was to quantify the presence of D. immitis in districts located along the Lurín river (Cieneguilla, Pachacamac and Lurín). Blood samples were collected from 177 dogs (males and females) from January till July 2000. The age of the animals varied from 1 to 10 years. Three methods were conducted for diagnosing Dirofilaria: the microhaematocrit and the modified Knott techniques were used for the identification of microfilarias, and ELISA for the determination of secretion / excretion antigens of mature forms. Cieneguilla was the district with the highest frequency of heartworms. 6.4% of positive samples were obtained by the microhaematocrit and modified Knott techniques whereas 12.8% were obt...

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, identification and quantification of helminths present in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) in the finishing phase from family-commercial breeding farms in the district of Caraz, Ancash, Peru. The stomach, small intestine and large intestine of 100 animals were collected and all parasites were identified and counted. The prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes was 89%. Identified parasites were Paraspidodera uncinata, Trichuris spp, Capillaria spp and Trichostrongylus colubriformis showing prevalence of 83, 31, 18 and 2% respectively and without differences due to sex. The frequency of monoparasitism, biparasitism and triparasitism was 49, 35 and 5% respectively.

Los cerdos de 7 granjas comerciales bien administradas se estudiaron con el fin de detectar la presencia de anticuerpos de Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.  Las muestras de sangre fueron recolectadas en masacre de 370 cerdos aparentemente normales, de 17 a 20 semanas de edad, sin vacunar y se usó una prueba de ELISA para detectar anticuerpos de Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Un total de 45 cerdos (12%), distribuidos en todas las 7 granjas, dio positivo.

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence ofToxoplasma gondii in two regions of the province of Lampa, in Puno, Peru. A total of 100 blood samples were collected from sheep of various ages and were analyzed by the indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA). The seroprevalence was 44%. Sex was not considered a risk factor, but the frequency of positive cases increased with age (p<0.05).