This study provides information on the diversity of Peruvian species of Polylepis. Nineteen (19) species are reported here (more than 70% of the 27 species registered for the whole Andean region). As a result, Peru could be considered as the country with the largest diversity of Polylepis species, in comparison with Bolivia (13), Ecuador (7), Argentina (4), Colombia (3), Chile (2), and Venezuela (1). The species occur in 19 departments of Peru, with the majority of them in Cusco (10) and Ayacucho (8). Species diversity is mostly concentrated in the Peruvian southern Andes (15 species), with the region becoming the potential center of diversification of the genus Polylepis. Regarding their altitudinal distribution, the greatest diversity (18) is found between 3000 and 4000 m.

La familia Grossulariaceae es reconocida en el Perú por presentar tres géneros y aproximadamente 35 especies (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993; Weigend & Rodriguez, 2006), todos arbustos y árboles. En este trabajo reconocemos 11 especies endémicas en dos géneros. El género Ribes es el más rico en especies endémicas. Las Grossulariaceae endémicas ocupan principalmente las regiones Puna Húmeda y Seca y Bosques Muy Húmedos Montanos, entre los 2500 y 4600 m de altitud. Dos especies endémicas se encuentran representadas dentro del Sistema Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado.

La familia Rosaceae es reconocida en el Perú por presentar 24 géneros y 113 especies (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993; Mendoza, 2005; Ulloa Ulloa et al., 2004), entre hierbas, arbustos y árboles. En este trabajo reconocemos 14 especies endémicas en cuatro géneros. Las especies endémicas se encuentran principalmente en las regiones Bosques Pluviales Montanos, Bosques Muy Húmedos Montanos y Páramo, entre los 1900 y 3800 m de altitud. Seis especies endémicas se encuentran representadas dentro del Sistema Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado.

During the study of the genus Polylepis in Peru, one species restricted to the Vilcabamba mountain range, southern Peru was recognized as new and described herein.

This study provides information on the diversity of Peruvian species of Polylepis. Nineteen (19) species are reported here (more than 70% of the 27 species registered for the whole Andean region). As a result, Peru could be considered as the country with the largest diversity of Polylepis species, in comparison with Bolivia (13), Ecuador (7), Argentina (4), Colombia (3), Chile (2), and Venezuela (1). The species occur in 19 departments of Peru, with the majority of them in Cusco (10) and Ayacucho (8). Species diversity is mostly concentrated in the Peruvian southern Andes (15 species), with the region becoming the potential center of diversification of the genus Polylepis. Regarding their altitudinal distribution, the greatest diversity (18) is found between 3000 and 4000 m.

The Grossulariaceae are represented in Peru by three genera and nearly 35 species (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993; Weigend & Rodriguez, 2006 ), all shrubs and trees. Here we recognize 11 endemic species in two genera. Ribes is the genus with the largest number of endemic species. Endemic Grossulariaceae species grow mainly in Humid and Dry Puna, and Very Humid Montane Forest regions, between 2500 and 4600 m elevation. Two endemic Grossulariaceae have been registered to date in the Peruvian protected areas system.

The Rosaceae are represented in Peru by 24 genera and 113 species (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993; Mendoza, 2005; Ulloa Ulloa et al., 2004), between herbs, shrubs and trees. Here we recognize 14 endemic species in four genera. These endemic species are found mainly in Pluvial Montane Forests, Humid Montane Forests and Paramo regions, from 1900 to 3800 m elevation. Six endemic species have been recorded within Peru’s protected areas system.

During the study of the genus Polylepis in Peru, one species restricted to the Vilcabamba mountain range, southern Peru was recognized as new and described herein.

La presente investigación “Whatsapp y Aptitud Académica en estudiantes de secundaria del distrito de Yanacancha, Pasco - 2018”, tiene como principal objetivo de demostrar la relación que existe entre el Whatsapp y la Aptitud Académica en estudiantes de secundaria del distrito de Yanacancha, Pasco – 2018. La presente investigación, se ha efectuado bajo el diseño no experimental de tipo transversal-correlacional; ya que se comprobó la relación que existe entre las dos variables de estudio; así mismo la muestra de nuestro estudio de investigación se ha utilizado el tipo aleatorio simple, contando con 24 estudiantes encuestados; como también la técnica que se empleó para recolectar los datos se utilizó la encuesta, y el instrumento es la lista de cuestionario. Asimismo, para poder validar los instrumentos se ha empleado el método del juicio de expertos y la confiabilidad...

Comprende las brechas para la formalización en la administración pública de la Municipalidad San Juan de Miraflores. El estudio fue de enfoque cualitativo, paradigma hermenéutico de diseño fenomenológico. Los informantes claves estuvieron representados por 10 comerciantes informales, 10 trabajadores de la municipalidad y 10 ciudadanos habitantes del distrito de San Juan de Miraflores, para los cuales se utilizó una entrevista en profundidad, apoyada en una guía de 10 preguntas abiertas, para los comerciantes, 9 para los trabajadores y 6 para los vecinos del distrito. El análisis de la información se realizó atendiendo al compendio de la información, sistematización de entrevista, levantamiento y procesamiento de datos de informe de resultados. Los resultados determinaron que las brechas a grandes rasgos están caracterizadas por la realidades y percepciones de los actores in...

Extendemos el rango migratorio, altitudinal y de distribución norte de Muscisaxicola frontalis (“Dormilona de Frente Negra”), migrante Austral previamente reportado para el sur del país. La especie fue observada en laderas pedregosas cerca a remanentes de bosque de Queñoa (Polylepis flavipilla, Rosaceae) a 4450 m de altitud, en el Departamento de Huancavelica.

We extent the migratory range of distribution and elevation of Muscisaxicola frontalis (Black-fronted Groundtyrant), Austral migrant reported previously only in the Southern region of the country. The species was observed in rocky slopes near Polylepis flavipilla (Rosaceae) woodlands at 4450 m of altitude, in the Huancavelica Department.

Entre los años 2006 y 2008, se llevaron a cabo estudios florístico y de vegetación de los suelos crioturbados y hábitats asociados en cuatro localidades de la Cordillera Blanca (Ancash, Perú) localizadas por encima de los 4500 m. Se realizaron recolectas botánicas además de transectos de intersección-línea, en los cuales se midió el espacio (en cm) ocupado por cada especie. Fueron determinadas 136 especies de plantas vasculares, agrupadas en 65 géneros y 26 familias. Las Magnoliópsida (dicotiledóneas) fueron las más diversas con 97 especies, seguidas de las Liliópsidas (Monocotiledóneas) con 36. La mayor diversidad está concentrada en las familias Asteraceae y Poaceae (40,63%). Los géneros con mayor riqueza de especies fueron Senecio (18) y Calamagrostis (12). Se registraron 76 especies (54,82%) en suelos crioturbados y hábitats asociados; mientras que 60 especies (44,...

Since 2006 to 2008, floristic and vegetational studies on cryoturbed soils and its associated habitats were carried out in four sites above 4500 m, at Cordillera Blanca (Ancash, Peru). Botanical collections and intersection-line transects were made. The space (in cm) occupied by each species were measurement. A total of 136 species, in 65 genera and 26 families, were recorded. Magnoliopsida (Dicots) were the most diverse (97 spp.), followed by the Liliopsida (Monocots) (36 spp.). The highest species richness was found in the Asteraceae and Poaceae families (40,63%). The most diverse genera was Senecio (18) and Calamagrostis (12 ). We registered 76 species (54,82%) in cryoturbed soils and associates habitats, while 60 species (44,11%) were recorded for the adjacent vegetation. From the total, 95,56% of the species were perennials herbs. Four types of plants comunities were characterized: ...

around Abra Apacheta, in Cangallo (Ayacucho) and Huaytara (Huancavelica) Provinces. The aims of this study were: to study vascular floristic composition of High Andes (over 4500 m of altitude) and characterize highland vegetation. There were used conventional techniques for botanical collection and vegetation coverage measurements by intersection-line transects and Point Quadrat modifyed method. There were registered 134 species of vascular plants (Pteridophytes, Gymnospems, Eudicots and Monocots) grouped in 60 genera and 23 families. Eudicots were the dominant group with 74% of the total registered, 82% in genera and 77% in species; followed by Monocots with 13%, 13% and 21% in the previous categories. Monilophytes (ferns) were poorly represented by two families (9%), two genera (3%) and two species (1%); while Gymnosperms only registered one specie (Ephedra rupestris Benth.). By the qu...

around Abra Apacheta, in Cangallo (Ayacucho) and Huaytara (Huancavelica) Provinces. The aims of this study were: to study vascular floristic composition of High Andes (over 4500 m of altitude) and characterize highland vegetation. There were used conventional techniques for botanical collection and vegetation coverage measurements by intersection-line transects and Point Quadrat modifyed method. There were registered 134 species of vascular plants (Pteridophytes, Gymnospems, Eudicots and Monocots) grouped in 60 genera and 23 families. Eudicots were the dominant group with 74% of the total registered, 82% in genera and 77% in species; followed by Monocots with 13%, 13% and 21% in the previous categories. Monilophytes (ferns) were poorly represented by two families (9%), two genera (3%) and two species (1%); while Gymnosperms only registered one specie (Ephedra rupestris Benth.). By the qu...

The Peruvian Amazon has been significantly affected by land use and climate change, decreasing decomposition processes, which cause a significant depletion of soil C stocks. In this study, we estimated soil organic C (SOC) mediated by different plant covers in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantations and secondary forests in several districts of the San Martín Region, Peru. We calculated the critical threshold, saturation point, and the organic C deficit of these Amazonian soils. The association between geography, soil physical-chemical characteristics, and SOC was estimated through principal component analysis. Across all sites of the study, SOC stock had an average value of 69.19 t ha-1, with 48.95 t ha-1 constituting inorganic C. The highest SOC stock (225.28 t ha-1) was observed under secondary forest in the Jepelacio district. The SOC stocks were positively correlated with altitude a...

The Peruvian Amazon has been significantly affected by land use and climate change, decreasing decomposition processes, which cause a significant depletion of soil C stocks. In this study, we estimated soil organic C (SOC) mediated by different plant covers in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantations and secondary forests in several districts of the San Martín Region, Peru. We calculated the critical threshold, saturation point, and the organic C deficit of these Amazonian soils. The association between geography, soil physical-chemical characteristics, and SOC was estimated through principal component analysis. Across all sites of the study, SOC stock had an average value of 69.19 t ha-1, with 48.95 t ha-1 constituting inorganic C. The highest SOC stock (225.28 t ha-1) was observed under secondary forest in the Jepelacio district. The SOC stocks were positively correlated with altitude a...