En el Perú, el café es el principal producto agrícola de exportación, alcanzando en el 2011 un monto de venta de US$1.500 millones, cifra histórica en el sector agrícola. Sin embargo, en el 2012 apareció la roya amarilla con grandes efectos negativos sobre las áreas cultivadas y la productividad, con un impacto devastador en el sector en el 2013 cuando las exportaciones cayeron a US$700 millones. En la Región San Martin, el café es un fuerte soporte a la economía regional, debido a que se cultivan aproximadamente 100,927 hectáreas, que involucra directamente a 44,857 productores, con un universo de aproximadamente 224,285 personas dependientes de esta actividad. El objetivo de la investigación fue estudiar los efectos del abonamiento sobre la severidad de la roya amarilla, en el rendimiento y en la calidad de taza del cultivo de café, por ser una de las actividades producti...

Cowpea production in the Peruvian Amazon is increasing due to its ability to adapt to diverse environments, its contribution to soil conservation, and its versatility of uses. This crop is particularly valuable in human nutrition due to its high nutritional quality and nutraceutical properties of its bioactive compounds. The aim of the study was to evaluate the physiology of cowpea plants in accessions PER1005854, PER1005851, and PER12645, under the influence of rice husk mulch, screw tree litter, and oil palm fiber, as well as to determine the bioactive compounds present in the grains. This study aims to promote sustainable cowpea production, expose the nutritional aspects of the grains, and foster their consumption both locally and nationally. The experiment was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023, in Yurimaguas, Loreto, Peru. The application of organic mulches demonstrates a si...

The present investigation was carried out in the facilities of the Clonal Coffee Biotechnology greenhouse of the Peruvian Amazon Research Institute, San Martin-Peru headquarters. The objective was to determine the appropriate age of harvest of the coffee shoots (Coffea arabica L.) for its optimum rooting under controlled conditions. Coffee shoots were tested with ages between 55-64 and 65-74 days. The shoots were subjected to a previous disinfection and exposed to a dose of hormone indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) of 1000 ppm, then placed in jiffy pellets and finally introduced in microtuneles with controlled conditions to encourage rooting. For the analysis a completely randomized factorial experimental design was used, whose factors correspond to age of the shoots, hormonal treatment (AIB) and 6 repetitions, with 24 experimental units in total, the latter being comprised by 6 coffee shoots,...

The present investigation was carried out in the facilities of the Clonal Coffee Biotechnology greenhouse of the Peruvian Amazon Research Institute, San Martin-Peru headquarters. The objective was to determine the appropriate age of harvest of the coffee shoots (Coffea arabica L.) for its optimum rooting under controlled conditions. Coffee shoots were tested with ages between 55-64 and 65-74 days. The shoots were subjected to a previous disinfection and exposed to a dose of hormone indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) of 1000 ppm, then placed in jiffy pellets and finally introduced in microtuneles with controlled conditions to encourage rooting. For the analysis a completely randomized factorial experimental design was used, whose factors correspond to age of the shoots, hormonal treatment (AIB) and 6 repetitions, with 24 experimental units in total, the latter being comprised by 6 coffee shoots,...

[ES] Encontrar un equilibrio entre la conservación de recursos genéticos y el mejoramiento genético puede ser difícil. El problema se explora en el presente artículo, en parte a través de un estudio de caso de un programa de mejoramiento genético participativo de pijuayo (Bactris gasipaes Kunth, Palmae), conducido en la Amazonía peruana por el Centro Mundial de Agroforestería (ICRAF) y el Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria del Perú (INIA). El pijuayo, que fue originalmente domesticado por los amerindios, produce un rango de materiales y productos comercializables, sin embargo, hoy, los frutos y los cogollos (palmito) constituyen los principales productos. Se describen las características de los clientes (agricultores pequeños de subsistencia y empresas con plantaciones agro-industriales) para estos productos y aquellos del proyecto ICRAF – INIA y se explora el imp...

Secondary forests and coffee cultivation systems with shade trees might have great potential for carbon sequestration as a means of climate change adaptation and mitigation. This study aimed to measure carbon stocks in coffee plantations under different managements and secondary forest systems in the Peruvian Amazon rainforest (San Martín Region). The carbon stock in secondary forest trees was estimated using allometric equations, while carbon stocks in soil, herbaceous biomass, and leaf litter were determined through sampling and laboratory analysis. The biomass carbon stock in secondary forests was 132.2 t/ha, while in coffee plantations with Inga sp. shade trees it was 118.2 t/ha. Carbon stocks were 76.5 t/ha in coffee with polyculture farming, and the lowest amount of carbon was found in coffee without shade trees (31.1 t/ha). The carbon sequestered by coffee plants in all agrofores...

The Peruvian Amazon has been significantly affected by land use and climate change, decreasing decomposition processes, which cause a significant depletion of soil C stocks. In this study, we estimated soil organic C (SOC) mediated by different plant covers in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantations and secondary forests in several districts of the San Martín Region, Peru. We calculated the critical threshold, saturation point, and the organic C deficit of these Amazonian soils. The association between geography, soil physical-chemical characteristics, and SOC was estimated through principal component analysis. Across all sites of the study, SOC stock had an average value of 69.19 t ha-1, with 48.95 t ha-1 constituting inorganic C. The highest SOC stock (225.28 t ha-1) was observed under secondary forest in the Jepelacio district. The SOC stocks were positively correlated with altitude a...

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El objetivo del experimento fue evaluar la influencia del estado fenológico y nutrición de plantas matrices de café (Coffea arabica L.) en la producción de brotes, Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas. Se instaló bajo un diseño estadístico DBCA con arreglo factorial con factores: estado fenológico de plantas madres (producción, descanso) y tipo de fertilizantes (sin fertilizante, yaramila y molimax). Se tuvieron 6 tratamientos, 3 bloques y 18 unidades experimentales. En campo se seleccionaron e fueron sometidos a la inducción de brotes mediante la técnica de agobio, así mismo se aplicaron 40 g de cada fertilizante por planta dividido en dos aplicaciones 15 días antes y después del agobio. A los 120 días se evaluaron altura, diámetro, número y contenido de carbohidratos de brotes. Se encontró que los factores influyeron significativamente en la producción de brotes, mostrán...

El objetivo del experimento fue evaluar la influencia del estado fenológico y nutrición de plantas matrices de café (Coffea arabica L.) en la producción de brotes, Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas. Se instaló bajo un diseño estadístico DBCA con arreglo factorial con factores: estado fenológico de plantas madres (producción, descanso) y tipo de fertilizantes (sin fertilizante, yaramila y molimax). Se tuvieron 6 tratamientos, 3 bloques y 18 unidades experimentales. En campo se seleccionaron e fueron sometidos a la inducción de brotes mediante la técnica de agobio, así mismo se aplicaron 40 g de cada fertilizante por planta dividido en dos aplicaciones 15 días antes y después del agobio. A los 120 días se evaluaron altura, diámetro, número y contenido de carbohidratos de brotes. Se encontró que los factores influyeron significativamente en la producción de brotes, mostrán...