Wetlands provide multiple ecosystem services that multiply the social, economic, and environmental development of the population; However, these problems undergo environmental problems that accelerate the eutrophication process. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the trophic states of Medio Mundo’s main lagoon of the Albufera Regional Conservation (ACRAMM). For this, the Carlson Trophic State Index modified by Toledo (IETM) was used and a predictive mathematical model for the total water phosphorus was formulated; where the dependent variable was represented by the parameter and the independent ones, by the reflections of Sentinel-2 images. The ACRAMM, according to the phosphorus model, was eutrophic on the first 5 dates evaluated (IETMPT> 65.56) and from oligotrophic to eutrophic with a tendency to increase from south to north on the last date (IETMPT = 38.29-56.99). Thes...

The global biodiversity decrease implies the necessity to study the state of the ecosystem, not only in preserved places but also in landscapes with diversified land use and territories currently under use. Considering the national efforts to gather biological data in Peru as in México and several diverse international referents, from the generation, implementation, and analysis of monitoring biodiversity protocols in forest management areas in both countries, a unified biodiversity monitoring protocol for forest use areas was elaborated through a logical and inclusive process. This protocol is capable of generating data in three different territorial approximation levels, and it can be used in several ecological conditions. The different stages of development of all the activities were implemented for a team divided into two sections with complementary functions: a) Situational analysi...

Swietenia macrophylla is a forest species of great commercial value that is categorized as vulnerable in Peru. Therefore, the objective of this study is to optimize a protocol for cutting propagation of S. macrophylla using microtunnels in the San Martín, Peruvian Amazon. Three experiments were conducted: sterilization, which tested ethyl alcohol (EA), Tween-80 (T), carbendazim (CZ), and combinations; a rooting experiment with different substrates and doses of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); and an acclimation experiment of rooted cuttings, with different shade coverage and relative humidity conditions. The lowest contamination of S. macrophylla cuttings (9.75%) was achieved with the combined EA-CZ treatment; this treatment resulted in the lowest necrosis (9.1%) and survival of 86.50%. The best responses in rooting, root biomass, and cutting survival were presented by the combination of st...

Aim of study: The loss of forest cover is a global problem that alters ecosystems, contributing to carbon emissions. This study measured the soil organic carbon (SOC) at different soil depth in tropical dry forests of the Huallaga Central in the Peruvian Amazon. Area of study: San Martín Region, Peruvian Amazon. Material and methods: A total of 24 plots of 100 m² were selected in primary (~200 years), intervened (~50 years since intervention), and deforested forests (10 years ago), with 120 soil samples collected across five depths. Soil texture (hydrometer), bulk density (cylinder method), SOC content, SOC density, and erodibility (K parameter) were calculated. Main results: SOC content in the 0-20 cm soil horizon was 79.5±21.3 t ha-¹ for the primary forest, 58.5±11.8 t ha-¹ for the intervened forest, and 41.8±10 t ha-¹ for the deforested forest. A soil erodibility K of 0.065 wa...

Secondary forests and coffee cultivation systems with shade trees might have great potential for carbon sequestration as a means of climate change adaptation and mitigation. This study aimed to measure carbon stocks in coffee plantations under different managements and secondary forest systems in the Peruvian Amazon rainforest (San Martín Region). The carbon stock in secondary forest trees was estimated using allometric equations, while carbon stocks in soil, herbaceous biomass, and leaf litter were determined through sampling and laboratory analysis. The biomass carbon stock in secondary forests was 132.2 t/ha, while in coffee plantations with Inga sp. shade trees it was 118.2 t/ha. Carbon stocks were 76.5 t/ha in coffee with polyculture farming, and the lowest amount of carbon was found in coffee without shade trees (31.1 t/ha). The carbon sequestered by coffee plants in all agrofores...

Secondary forests and coffee cultivation systems with shade trees might have great potential for carbon sequestration as a means of climate change adaptation and mitigation. This study aimed to measure carbon stocks in coffee plantations under different managements and secondary forest systems in the Peruvian Amazon rainforest (San Martín Region). The carbon stock in secondary forest trees was estimated using allometric equations, while carbon stocks in soil, herbaceous biomass, and leaf litter were determined through sampling and laboratory analysis. The biomass carbon stock in secondary forests was 132.2 t/ha, while in coffee plantations with Inga sp. shade trees it was 118.2 t/ha. Carbon stocks were 76.5 t/ha in coffee with polyculture farming, and the lowest amount of carbon was found in coffee without shade trees (31.1 t/ha). The carbon sequestered by coffee plants in all agrofores...