Objetivo: Determinar la asociación de los factores demográficos, sociales y económicos con la informalidad de la actividad artesanal en tiempos de COVID-19, Perú, 2022. Método: Se utilizó el tipo de investigación cuantitativa, no experimental, analítico, transversal y con base de datos del Registro Nacional de Artesanos (RNA). El tamaño de la muestra fue de 27, 968 artesanos inscritos y aprobados en el RNA a diciembre del 2022, y la selección de los artesanos fue por conveniencia, tipo de muestreo no probabilístico, se utilizó los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Para obtener los resultados se trabajó con el programa RStudio. Para evaluar la asociación de los factores demográficos, sociales y económicos respecto a la informalidad de la actividad artesanal se utilizaron las Razones de Prevalencia cruda (PRc) y prevalencia ajustada (RPa), a través de un modelo de regr...

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación que existe entre la seguridad ciudadana y el bienestar emocional en estudiantes secundarios de una red educativa de Lima, se desarrolló la presente investigación que adopta un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño no experimental de nivel correlacional descriptivo y transversal. La muestra de estudio, de tipo probabilística, está compuesta por 278 estudiantes del quinto grado de secundaria de las diferentes Instituciones Educativas de la red educativa N° 9 UGEL 05 de Lima. A estos estudiantes se les administró dos instrumentos: el cuestionario de seguridad ciudadana de Rubén Espinoza y Manuel Torres y la escala de bienestar emocional de José Sánchez Cánovas, ambos debidamente comprobados en sus niveles de validez y confiabilidad. Los datos recolectados fueron trasladados a una base de datos del paquete estadístico SPSS v...

OBJETIVO: Determinar “los factores relacionados al” desarrollo de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad” en menores de 5 años en el departamento de pediatría del Hospital de Ventanilla durante el año 2016 - 2019. MATERIAL Y METODO: Estudio de tipo analítico, casos y controles observacional, retrospectivo, transversal; nivel correlacional. Se usó como instrumento la ficha de recolección de datos. La población fue de 381 menores de 5 años con diagnóstico de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en el departamento de pediatría” del Hospital de Ventanilla, de los cuales resultó una muestra de 232 según criterios de inclusión y exclusión, del cual se obtuvo 116 casos y 116 controles. La técnica estadística usada fue la prueba de Chi Cuadrado, Odds Ratio y el Intervalo de confianza del 95%. RESULTADOS: El 60.3% de los pacientes con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad tuvier...

Introduction: In Peru, medical schools do not have any formal course on palliative care. Objective: To determine the factors associated with the level of knowledge about palliative care in medical students of the sixth and seventh year of Ricardo Palma University, during the second half of 2020. Methodology: Observational, cross-sectional and analytical study. The sample consisted of 139 sixth and seventh year students, who were surveyed with the Palliative Care Knowledge Test (PCKT) modified by Ordoñez et al1 for medical students in Peru. Sampling was probabilistic, stratified. Results: 48.9% were sixth year students and 51.1% were seventh year students. 87.8% reported not having taken an elective/rotation course in Palliative Care. The prevailing level of knowledge was "regular" (61.9%) followed by "bad" (23.7%). In addition, the variables sex (p = 0.020), age (p = 0.017) and year of ...

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and depressive syndrome are public health issues that affect the quality of life of women of reproductive age. Objective: To determine the association between STIs and depressive syndrome in Peruvian women aged 15 to 49 years, based on the 2022–2023 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical, and retrospective study using secondary data from ENDES. STIs were identified through self-report, and depressive syndrome was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Sociodemographic variables included age, marital status, educational level, area of residence, and wealth index. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression models with robust variance, considering p<0.05 as statistically significant. Results. Seeking treatment for STIs wa...

Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la elección del parto domiciliario en la zona rural de la selva del Perú en el año 2019. Material y métodos: Estudio de tipo retrospectivo, observacional, analítico, transversal. La información se obtuvo a partir de la base de datos de la encuesta nacional de demografía y salud familiar (ENDES) 2019. Se incluyeron 1609 mujeres en de 12 a 49 años residentes de la selva rural del Perú. La información se analizó con el software estadístico SPSS versión 26, se empleó la regresión de Poisson en modelos crudo y ajustado para la evaluación de los factores de riesgo y un nivel de significancia de 0,05. Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia del 20.9% (n=337) de partos domiciliarios. El análisis multivariado reveló que existe mayor probabilidad de un parto domiciliario en mujeres con un grado de instrucción menor (RPa: 4.4, IC:1.4...

Objective. To determine the association of addiction to social networks and the consequences in mental health in human medicine students of the Ricardo Palma University, year 2021. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional observational study, with the participation of 454 human medicine students from first to fifth year, chosen by stratified random sampling proportional to size. The instrument was validated, obtaining a Cronbach's Alpha (α=0.90), the questionnaires used were: Addiction to Social Networks (ARS), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). In order to evaluate the association between variables, we used crude and adjusted prevalence ratio (PR), using the Poisson regression model with the logarithmic link and with the 95% confidence interval. Results. 65.4% were women, with an average age of 21.2 years. A significant association was ...

Introducción: Las complicaciones post parto son problemas de salud importante en el Perú, por lo tanto, es necesario determinar sus factores asociados. Objectives. To determine the factors associated with complications after childbirth in women aged 12 to 49 years in Peru, according to the demographic and family health survey, 2019-2020. Methods. Secondary source study based on the ENDES 2019-2020. The unit of analysis was all women aged 12 to 49 years residing in Peru in the years 2019-2020, who presented postpartum complications, and who answered the questions of the study variables. Results. It is evidenced that the age of 20 to 35 years has a prevalence ratio of 1.12 of ending in complications after delivery (RPa: 1,12, 95% CI: 1,07 to 1,18). Having complications during delivery has 2.75 times the prevalence of complications after delivery (RPa: 2,75, 95% CI: 2,64 to 2866). Having ...

Sr. Editor, La lactancia materna es fundamental por sus beneficios nutricionales, inmunológicos y neurológicos para la supervivencia infantil (1), las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales señalan que los niños deben ser amamantados exclusivamente durante los primeros seis meses de vida (2); sin embargo, el año 2021 se confirmó en el Perú la disminución de la lactancia materna en niños menores de seis meses de edad (64%), siendo aún menor en el área urbana (58%) y en el quintil superior de riqueza (43,5%). En menores de seis meses de edad, la lactancia materna exclusiva durante el 2021 tuvo una mediana de 3,4 meses a nivel nacional, menor a lo reportado en el 2016 (4,1 meses), también se observó una disminución progresiva de la lactancia materna en el último quinquenio en las ciudades costeñas y urbanas que representan los ámbitos con menor duración de lactancia ...

Objective: To identify the factors associated with the interference of gynecological cancer screening in women aged 25-69 years, according to the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) for the years 2019 and 2020. Materials and methods:  Quantitative, observational, analytical cross- sectional study. It was a secondary database analysis obtained by ENDE for the years 2019 and 2020. Generalized linear Poisson family crude and adjusted models were used to estimate the association. The measure of association. The measure of association used was the adjusted prevalence ratio (Rpa) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: We worked with a total of 18,113 women aged 25-69 who were interviewed at the ENDES 2019-2020. In the descriptive analysis, it is observed that 19.3% did not take a PAP smear (PAP) and 53.6% did not perform “screening for breast cancer”. Women with a pr...

To examine factors associated with abdominal obesity among normal-weight individuals from the Demographic and Health Survey of Peru (2018–2021). Cross-sectional analytical study. The outcome variable was abdominal obesity defined according to JIS criteria. Crude (cPR) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were estimated for the association between sociodemographic and health-related variables and abdominal obesity using the GLM Poisson distribution with robust variance estimates. A total of 32,109 subjects were included. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 26.7%. The multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant association between abdominal obesity and female sex (aPR: 11.16; 95% CI 10.43–11.94); categorized age 35 to 59 (aPR: 1.71; 95% CI 1.65–1.78); 60 to 69 (aPR: 1.91; 95% CI 1.81–2.02); and 70 or older(aPR: 1.99; 95% CI 1.87–2.10); survey year 2019 (aPR: 1.22...

Introduction: Anemia is a condition in which there is a low concentration of hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Although many causes of anemia have been identified, there are few studies in which they are related to epidemiological factors in the first months of life.  Objective: To determine the factors associated with hemoglobin levels in children under 6 months of age hospitalized in a specialized pediatric center in Peru. Methods: To determine the factors associated with hemoglobin levels in children under 6 months of age hospitalized in a specialized pediatric center in Peru. Results: 61.4% of the infants were women, and only 6.7% of the proportion of the studied population was less than 1 month old. 6.7% had a low birth weight, and 53.2% had a normal delivery. The level of anemia in hospitalized children under 6 months of age is 66.7%. Conclusions: The factors associated with hemoglobin leve...

Background: It is important to highlight the easy access that schoolchildren have today to ultra-processed products, and the prevalence of attention deficit has also been increasing in this age group. The objective of this study was to determine the association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and attention deficit in schoolchildren from 6 to 12 years of age in private educational institutions in the cities of Lima and Arequipa in Peru in 2022. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. A non-probabilistic sampling was carried out, for convenience, the sample collected was 217 schoolchildren in 4 private educational institutions in the cities of Lima and Arequipa in Peru in 2022. Results: Of the total number of participants, 57.1% were women, 52.1% had ADHD, and 87.1% had a higher consumption of ultra-processed foods. No association was found between the main characterist...

Background: The association between obesity and depression has been frequently reported. However, it still remains unclear which anthropometric indicators for obesity could be the best measure to explain its linkage with depressive symptoms. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study. Secondary data was analyzed using information from the Demographic and Health Survey of Peru (ENDES in Spanish). Data from the years 2018 to 2021 were reviewed. The outcome of interest was the presence of depressive symptoms, assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The exposure variable was the presence of obesity, which was evaluated by body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (cOR and aOR) were calculated using logistic regression. Both prevalence and association measures were presented with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: A t...

Introduction: According to global health estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO) injuries represent 8% of world deaths. There are systematic reviews that relate lactate and mortality in trauma patients but do not focus on multiple trauma patients. Objective: To determine if elevated lactate is a mortality factor in multiple trauma patients. Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies were carried out. The search was carried out in 4 databases: PUBMED, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Data were pooled using a random effects model and summary statistics were calculated using odds ratios (ORs) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: Nine studies were included (n=5302). A significant association was found between elevated admission lactate with mortality (OR: 1.80; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.91) and 72-hour mortality (OR: 1.24; 95...

Introduction: Obesity and depression contribute to the global burden of economic cost, morbidity, and mortality. Nevertheless, not all people with obesity develop depression. Objective: To determine the factors associated with depressive symptoms among people aged 15 or older with obesity from the National Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES in Spanish 2019–2021). Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. The outcome of interest was the presence of depressive symptoms, assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios were estimated using GLM Poisson distribution with robust variance estimates. Results: The prevalence of depression symptoms was 6.97%. In the multivariate analysis, a statistically significant association was found between depressive symptoms and female sex (PRa: 2.59; 95% CI 1.95–3.43); mountain region...

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common disease. However, its diagnosis and treatment are underestimated. The main reason is that the upper airway completely or partially collapses, leading to repeated sleep apnea episodes. In addition, atrial fibrillation(AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia in the world, these two entities may be related and are important public health problems.Objective: To determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation in adult patients.Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that associate obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation was carried out. The search was carried out in 4 databases: PUBMED, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus.Results: Eight studies were included (n=562241). A significant association was found between obstructive sleep ...