The effects of mouth breathing are the introduction of cold air, dry and dusty in the mouth and pharynx, the lost functions of heating, humedificacion and filtering the air entering the nose increases the oral mucosa irritation and pharyngeal. A case of a female patient 15 years old who comes for consultation of Periodontology with increase in volume and gingival redness in the upper anterior sector of upper airway obstruction caused by deviated septum right turbinate hypertrophy and maxillary sinusitis. This raises the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment plan. After treatment of periodontal disease, patients will be transferred to hospital for a recommendation from the specialist septoplasty.

Dental bleaching systems and its use of toothpaste with bleaching agents lead to search the effect of these systems on the enamel surface. Scientific evidence shows that these systems can provoke an answer in chemical shucture of the dental enamel with loss of calcium . The concentration of calcium was measured in ppm in 27 crowns of human bicuspids. The enamel erosion was measured through the liberation of calcium salts into teeth in two kinds of bleaching toothpastes : Crest whitening and Colgate Maxwhite, and they were compared with the gold standard (carbamide peroxide 20%) . Measurements of calcium concentration were made in 12 h, 24 h and 7 d. Atomic absorption spectophotometry was used to determine the calcium concentration. ANOVA analysis indicates that Crest Whitening toothpaste shows more concentration of calcium salts in enamel surface than Colgate Maxwhite which contains pero...

El efecto de la respiración bucal consiste en la introducción de aire frío, seco y cargado de polvo en la boca y la faringe, al perderse la función de calentamiento, humedificación y filtrado del aire que entra por la nariz incrementa la irritación de la mucosa bucal y faríngea. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino de 15 años de edad que acude a consulta de periodoncia presentando aumento de volumen y enrojecimiento gingival en el sector antero superior por obstrucción de vías respiratorias altas causada por desviación del tabique nasal derecho, hipertrofia de cornetes y sinusitis del maxilar. Se plantea: características clínicas, diagnóstico, y plan de tratamiento. Luego del tratamiento de la enfermedad periodontal, la paciente será transferida al hospital para realizarse septoplastía por recomendación del especialista.

Dental bleaching systems and its use of toothpaste with bleaching agents lead to search the effect of these systems on the enamel surface. Scientific evidence shows that these systems can provoke an answer in chemical shucture of the dental enamel with loss of calcium . The concentration of calcium was measured in ppm in 27 crowns of human bicuspids. The enamel erosion was measured through the liberation of calcium salts into teeth in two kinds of bleaching toothpastes : Crest whitening and Colgate Maxwhite, and they were compared with the gold standard (carbamide peroxide 20%) . Measurements of calcium concentration were made in 12 h, 24 h and 7 d. Atomic absorption spectophotometry was used to determine the calcium concentration. ANOVA analysis indicates that Crest Whitening toothpaste shows more concentration of calcium salts in enamel surface than Colgate Maxwhite which contains pero...

Objective: To report the use of toothpaste in Peruvian children under 12 years old, during the period of 2016 - 2018. Materials and methods: The study was descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective, using the records of the ENDES database, Peru, during 2016-2018. The sample was multistage, probabilistic and stratified, consisting of 118,716 records of children under 12 years of age. The variables were: use of toothpaste, fluoride concen-tration, department, geographical area and natural region. A descriptive analysis of the absolute and relative frequencies was performed. Results: Of the participants, they brushed their teeth, 88%; they brush their teeth 2 times a day, 40%; they used toothpaste, 98%; they used toothpaste with a fluorine concentration of 1000ppm or more, 44.6% (n = 15 376), 43.2% (n = 14 545) and 44% (n = 16 227), for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. In the d...

Objective: To report the use of toothpaste in Peruvian children under 12 years old, during the period of 2016 - 2018. Materials and methods: The study was descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective, using the records of the ENDES database, Peru, during 2016-2018. The sample was multistage, probabilistic and stratified, consisting of 118,716 records of children under 12 years of age. The variables were: use of toothpaste, fluoride concen-tration, department, geographical area and natural region. A descriptive analysis of the absolute and relative frequencies was performed. Results: Of the participants, they brushed their teeth, 88%; they brush their teeth 2 times a day, 40%; they used toothpaste, 98%; they used toothpaste with a fluorine concentration of 1000ppm or more, 44.6% (n = 15 376), 43.2% (n = 14 545) and 44% (n = 16 227), for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. In the d...

This investigation evaluates the clotting effect of extracts of two varieties of coca leaves: Erytrhoxylum coca var. Coca and novogranatense Erytrhoxylum var. Truxillense. The aim of the study was to determine the shortest time of clotting of the blood samples of the albin rats. 34 males and female rats were selected to have 3 ml. of blood of each one. The blood samples were distributed in three probes containing: 0,06 ml. of physiological serum (control group), 0,06 ml. extract of E. coca lam var. coca (coca group), and 0,06 ml. of extract E. novogranatense var. truxillense (truxillense group). The clotting time for the control group was of 1,42 (±0.31) min, coca group: 1,38 (±0.26) min, truxillense group 1,83 (±0.55) min. The Anova analysis of the results showed significant differences between groups (p<0.01). The coca group showed the shortest clotting time of all groups. The tr...

The intention of this inuestigation consisted of evaluating the effects of two oral colutorios (colutorio with sodium fluoride to 0.05% and colutorio of water with salt to 5%) on fhe bacterial plate and salivary pH in a population of soldiers. The sample was conformed by three groups: a group use colutorio of sodium fluoride to 0.05%, another use colutorio of water with salt and third group control that used water distilled during 40 days. The characteristics of the population allowed to control important intervening variables such as the diet, buccal hygiene of the soldiers, moments of hygiene and fulfillment of the indicated protocol. PHmetro was used calibrated and the simplified index of Green and Vermillon, to measure salivary pH and the index of bacteria1 plaque, respectively. It was used the analysis of variance, and test T of student matched up samples and to establish difference...

En la presente investigación se evaluó el efecto coagulante de los extractos de dos variedades de hoja de coca: Erytrhoxylum coca lam var. Coca y Erytrhoxylum novogranatense var. Truxillense. El objetivo fue determinar el menor tiempo de coagulación de muestras de sangre de ratas albinas, tratadas con los extractos. Se seleccionó una muestra de 34 ratas, machos y hembras, a las cuales se le extrajeron 3 ml de sangre a cada una, colocando 1ml de sangre en tubos que contenían 0.06 ml de suero fisiológico (grupo control), 0.06 ml de extracto de E. coca lam var. Coca (grupo coca), y 0.06 ml de extracto E. novogranatense var. Truxillense (grupo truxillense). Los tiempos de coagulación de las muestras del grupo control fue de 1.42 min (±0.31), el grupo coca obtuvo 1.38 min (±0.26) y el grupo truxillense 1.83 min (±0.55). Los promedios fueron comparados con Anova obteniendo diferencia...

The intention of this inuestigation consisted of evaluating the effects of two oral colutorios (colutorio with sodium fluoride to 0.05% and colutorio of water with salt to 5%) on fhe bacterial plate and salivary pH in a population of soldiers. The sample was conformed by three groups: a group use colutorio of sodium fluoride to 0.05%, another use colutorio of water with salt and third group control that used water distilled during 40 days. The characteristics of the population allowed to control important intervening variables such as the diet, buccal hygiene of the soldiers, moments of hygiene and fulfillment of the indicated protocol. PHmetro was used calibrated and the simplified index of Green and Vermillon, to measure salivary pH and the index of bacteria1 plaque, respectively. It was used the analysis of variance, and test T of student matched up samples and to establish difference...

Evalúa el efecto de un programa de intervención educativa sobre el nivel de conocimiento y comportamiento de higiene bucal en los niños y niñas según edad. Se realizó un estudio de tipo cuasiexperimental, longitudinal, prospectivo de diseño analítico observacional; incluyó 109 niños y niñas de 6 a 9 años. Para el tamaño de muestra se utilizó la formula de diferencias de medias con datos del estudio piloto en el software stata: sampsi 13.5 11.5, sd1(2.5) sd2(3.5) power(0.80). Participaron en el estudio 52 niñas (47.7%) y 57 niños (52.3%) de 6 a 9 años. En la muestra se incluyeron en el grupo intervención = 47 y en el grupo control = 62. El muestreo fue probabilístico aleatorio simple. La técnica fue la encuesta a través de un cuestionario de 16 preguntas sobre higiene bucal, 9 de comportamiento y 6 de conocimiento. Se realizo el proceso de validez y confiabilidad del ...

The clinical handling of malocclusions Class II Division 2 depends on a good diagnosis and planning of the case. Most of these patients should be treated without teeth extractions, regarding that facial characteristics they present and the real possibility to create spaces by molars distalization methods and changing the incisives inclinations and intrusion. The present clinical case shows us how we can make use of diagnosis based on the information that the cephalometry provides and propose a treatment based on the Visual Treatment Objective (VTO) as well as to visualize the utility of biomechanics of Ricketts´s Bioprogressive technique on patients Class II Division 2.

The aim of the study is to find the shape of arch anteroinferior in normal natural occlusions and relate this finding with the Interlandi’s method of selection of the mandibular anterior arch. The sample was 9 study models of the lower arch (5 males and 4 females between 13-17 years) in normooclusion, with mild crowding, no facet of wear, without coronary fracture, no decay or restorations and without some kind of tooth abnormality in shape, size and number. It was the digitizing of models (with points of reference on cusp of canines, interincisor point and canine distal face) with a graph paper (for the calibration software Corel Draw x 5), with same conditions (brightness, contrast, extension 100) and saved in jpg format. Once calibrated the model image, aligned the cusps of the canines in the horizontal plane. First technique with the formation of the segment arch individualized for...

The clinical handling of malocclusions Class II Division 2 depends on a good diagnosis and planning of the case. Most of these patients should be treated without teeth extractions, regarding that facial characteristics they present and the real possibility to create spaces by molars distalization methods and changing the incisives inclinations and intrusion. The present clinical case shows us how we can make use of diagnosis based on the information that the cephalometry provides and propose a treatment based on the Visual Treatment Objective (VTO) as well as to visualize the utility of biomechanics of Ricketts´s Bioprogressive technique on patients Class II Division 2.

The aim of the study is to find the shape of arch anteroinferior in normal natural occlusions and relate this finding with the Interlandi’s method of selection of the mandibular anterior arch. The sample was 9 study models of the lower arch (5 males and 4 females between 13-17 years) in normooclusion, with mild crowding, no facet of wear, without coronary fracture, no decay or restorations and without some kind of tooth abnormality in shape, size and number. It was the digitizing of models (with points of reference on cusp of canines, interincisor point and canine distal face) with a graph paper (for the calibration software Corel Draw x 5), with same conditions (brightness, contrast, extension 100) and saved in jpg format. Once calibrated the model image, aligned the cusps of the canines in the horizontal plane. First technique with the formation of the segment arch individualized for...

The pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus led to the adoption of sanitary measures that affected the normal development of not only work activities but also academic ones. The close down of universities, specifically in dental schools where clinical activity in the last three years of study is essential for the development of procedural and attitudinal competencies, was totally suspended. The aim of this article is to review the post-pandemic use of simulators to make up for the presence of patients. For this purpose, a search of scientific articles was performed in the databases Google Scholar, MEDLINE/PubMed, SCIelo, Scopus, LILACS, during the years 2020-2021. It is necessarily essential for the faculties to adapt their clinical environments to the installation of this technology, as well as training in its use. The review will seek to show the importance of its use in the development ...

The aim of this study was to compare the levels of dental anxiety in patients who visited dental offices in two public services. Information was obtained from patients who had visited their dentists at least once the present year. The sample size was 100 patients (50 per service). Applying the Corah’s Dental Questionnaire, it was established that 39 % of patients presented moderate anxiety, 19 % in universitary service and 20 % in hospital service; 15 % of the patients presented severe anxiety, 9 % in hospital service and 6 % in universitary service. A great percentage of moderate, high and severe anxiety was perceived in hospital service. Applying the Dental Concerns Assessment, it was concluded that time and costs invested on dental attention are the factors that cause more anxiety in patients among others considered.

The aim of this study was to compare the levels of dental anxiety in patients who visited dental offices in two public services. Information was obtained from patients who had visited their dentists at least once the present year. The sample size was 100 patients (50 per service). Applying the Corah’s Dental Questionnaire, it was established that 39 % of patients presented moderate anxiety, 19 % in universitary service and 20 % in hospital service; 15 % of the patients presented severe anxiety, 9 % in hospital service and 6 % in universitary service. A great percentage of moderate, high and severe anxiety was perceived in hospital service. Applying the Dental Concerns Assessment, it was concluded that time and costs invested on dental attention are the factors that cause more anxiety in patients among others considered.

Objectives: Estimate the root canals of primary first lower molars by means of Nano computed tomography (Nano-CT). Material and methods: The sample consisted of 10 inferior primary molar teeth. The teeth were scanned by Nano-CT and the resulting images were analyzed with the On-Demand 3D software, considering among the evaluation the anatomical characteristics of the root canals and surface area of the root canals throughout the root length. For the measurement of the larger and smaller diameter of the root canals the statistical tests were central trend measures, with a significance level of 5%.  Results: In the distal root, vestibular mesial and lingual mesial , the size of the root canal with the highest average of the cervical region (D0) was 1.30, 1.00, 1.08 mm, respectively. The diameter to the deepest length (D11) for the same canals was 0.29, 0.22, 0.18 mm. The measurement o...

Objectives: Estimate the root canals of primary first lower molars by means of Nano computed tomography (Nano-CT). Material and methods: The sample consisted of 10 inferior primary molar teeth. The teeth were scanned by Nano-CT and the resulting images were analyzed with the On-Demand 3D software, considering among the evaluation the anatomical characteristics of the root canals and surface area of the root canals throughout the root length. For the measurement of the larger and smaller diameter of the root canals the statistical tests were central trend measures, with a significance level of 5%.  Results: In the distal root, vestibular mesial and lingual mesial , the size of the root canal with the highest average of the cervical region (D0) was 1.30, 1.00, 1.08 mm, respectively. The diameter to the deepest length (D11) for the same canals was 0.29, 0.22, 0.18 mm. The measurement o...