The present study aimed to determine the bromatological composition of the vetch silage associated with barley in five proportions and two levels of urea. A completely randomized design with three repetitions in a factorial scheme of 5 x 2 (proportions, urea) was used. The ratios of vetch and barley were: 0: 100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0, respectively. Urea was added in 0 and 1% levels on a dry matter basis. Micro silos of PVC tubes 10 cm (diameter) x 60 cm (height) were used for 121 days. Samples were taken from the silos to determine dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), hemicellulose, mineral matter (MM) and pH. The vetch:barley 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0 without urea had higher DM content than the ammonified silages (p<0.05). The CP increased linearly in the silages with and without urea, especially the vetch/barley ammoni...

The present study aimed to determine the bromatological composition of the vetch silage associated with barley in five proportions and two levels of urea. A completely randomized design with three repetitions in a factorial scheme of 5 x 2 (proportions, urea) was used. The ratios of vetch and barley were: 0: 100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0, respectively. Urea was added in 0 and 1% levels on a dry matter basis. Micro silos of PVC tubes 10 cm (diameter) x 60 cm (height) were used for 121 days. Samples were taken from the silos to determine dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), hemicellulose, mineral matter (MM) and pH. The vetch:barley 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0 without urea had higher DM content than the ammonified silages (p<0.05). The CP increased linearly in the silages with and without urea, especially the vetch/barley ammoni...

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la composición química bromatológica, las fracciones energéticas, el consumo y digestibilidad de la materia seca e índice del valor forrajero del ensilado de residuo de quinua proveniente de la producción agrícola, conteniendo diferentes niveles de Saccharomyces y melaza. El experimento fue conducido en las dependencias de la Escuela Académico Profesional de Zootecnia de la Facultad de Ciencias de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica. La variedad de quinua blanca que generó el residuo agrícola. Se utilizó el diseño completamente al azar, en esquema factorial de 4 x 4, con cuatro repeticiones. Los factores fueron constituidos por cuatro niveles de Saccharomyces (0, 0.5, 1.0 y 1.5% de la MS) y cuatro niveles de melaza (0, 1.5, 3 y 4.5% de la MS). Los ensilados fueron evaluados cuanto a las concentraciones de materia seca...

El presente estudio se realizó en el Camal Municipal de Huancavelica, Perú. Se registraron datos de 111 ovinos criollos procedentes de criadores de diferentes lugares de la zona, de ambos sexos y de dos edades (4 y 6 dientes), controlados en el período de febrero 2022 a marzo 2022, con el objetivo de determinar correlaciones fenotípicas entre el PVS y las medidas biométricas: longitud de cuerpo (LC), altura de cruz (ALCR), profundidad de tórax (PTR), amplitud torácica (AMTR), perímetro torácico (PT), amplitud de lomo (AMLM) y largo de lomo (LALM). No hubo efecto del sexo en los PVS, pero si en el factor edad. La variable PVS fue mayor en la edad de 6 dientes respecto a 4 dientes en ovinos criollos, pero en sexo el mayor peso obtuvo las hembras respecto a los machos. Se evidenciado correlaciones fenotípicas moderamente baja entre PVS con PT=0.53***, LC con PTR=0.46***, PVS con A...

La identificación de especies en alimentos de origen animal presenta elevada importancia tanto en cuestiones relacionados con la calidad como con la seguridad alimentaria. La adulteración en los alimentos es relevante por motivos económicos, religiosos, legislativos o de salud pública. El objetivo de este estudio se centró en identificar especies animales (bovino, porcino y equino) en productos cárnicos a fin de determinar la adulteración en la venta de mortadela (MO), hot dog (H.D), chicharon de prensa (C.P), chorizo (CH) y jamonada (JA). El ADN fue extraído de 5 regiones diferentes de cada embutido y se realizó la PCR utilizando primers especie-específico. El amplicón de la PCR de la región especie-específico fue de 271, 212 y 145 pb para bovino, porcino y equino, respectivamente. El H.D fue el único producto amplificado por los primers específicos de bovino. El C.P y CH...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ruminal kinetics of the degradation of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) of oat silage - potato foliage, in the ratio of 70:30, including four levels of wheat bran (0, 10, 20, 30%, based on the natural matter of the ensiled mass). A factorial randomized block design of 4 x 6 (levels, times) with three replications was used. Three Brown Swiss cattle with ruminal fistula were used. Samples (5 g) were placed in a nylon bag and incubated for 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Zero time (t0) was used to calculate the soluble fraction. The disappearance (degradability) of DM, CP and NDF showed a quadratic result, observing an increase in the degradability of these nutrients up to the optimum level of 27.64, 22.64 and 27.80% inclusion of wheat bran in oat silage - potato foliage for 48 h of incubation, respectively. Except fo...

The research was carried out in the alpaca production unit of the Tomas Peasant Community, of the Lima Region, with the aim of identifying the floristic component of the pasture of a wetland area in the dry season of the year and the species that were most consumed by alpacas. Previously, the floristic inventory of 5 hectares of pasture was carried out and 10 mother alpacas and 10 tuis alpacas were assigned. During the study period, stool samples were taken to evaluate the diet by the microhistological method. The chemical components of the six main species of grasses most consumed were analyzed. In the initial inventory 36 species were found, of which the most consumed were 10 that made up approximately 80% of the diet. Chemical analysis shows a crude fiber content in a range between 66,23 to 77,24%, crude protein between 2.49 to 5,21% and vitamin A between 0,08 to 0,37 mg / 100g. The c...

The research was carried out in the alpaca production unit of the Tomas Peasant Community, of the Lima Region, with the aim of identifying the floristic component of the pasture of a wetland area in the dry season of the year and the species that were most consumed by alpacas. Previously, the floristic inventory of 5 hectares of pasture was carried out and 10 mother alpacas and 10 tuis alpacas were assigned. During the study period, stool samples were taken to evaluate the diet by the microhistological method. The chemical components of the six main species of grasses most consumed were analyzed. In the initial inventory 36 species were found, of which the most consumed were 10 that made up approximately 80% of the diet. Chemical analysis shows a crude fiber content in a range between 66,23 to 77,24%, crude protein between 2.49 to 5,21% and vitamin A between 0,08 to 0,37 mg / 100g. The c...

The research was carried out in the alpaca production unit of the Tomas Peasant Community, of the Lima Region, with the aim of identifying the floristic component of the pasture of a wetland area in the dry season of the year and the species that were most consumed by alpacas. Previously, the floristic inventory of 5 hectares of pasture was carried out and 10 mother alpacas and 10 tuis alpacas were assigned. During the study period, stool samples were taken to evaluate the diet by the microhistological method. The chemical components of the six main species of grasses most consumed were analyzed. In the initial inventory 36 species were found, of which the most consumed were 10 that made up approximately 80% of the diet. Chemical analysis shows a crude fiber content in a range between 66,23 to 77,24%, crude protein between 2.49 to 5,21% and vitamin A between 0,08 to 0,37 mg / 100g. The c...

The research was carried out in the alpaca production unit of the Tomas Peasant Community, of the Lima Region, with the aim of identifying the floristic component of the pasture of a wetland area in the dry season of the year and the species that were most consumed by alpacas. Previously, the floristic inventory of 5 hectares of pasture was carried out and 10 mother alpacas and 10 tuis alpacas were assigned. During the study period, stool samples were taken to evaluate the diet by the microhistological method. The chemical components of the six main species of grasses most consumed were analyzed. In the initial inventory 36 species were found, of which the most consumed were 10 that made up approximately 80% of the diet. Chemical analysis shows a crude fiber content in a range between 66,23 to 77,24%, crude protein between 2.49 to 5,21% and vitamin A between 0,08 to 0,37 mg / 100g. The c...

La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar y obtener datos de la producción de forraje (t/ha) y de la calidad nutricional de especies de leguminosas, gramíneas y sus consociados en la sierra central del Perú. El estudio se desarrolló en el centro experimental de Casaracra de la Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, sierra central del Perú, a 3786 msnm. Se obtuvo los valores de producción de forraje en materia seca, materia verde y el porcentaje de materia seca, así como los valores de calidad nutricional: Proteína total (PT%), Grasa (G%), Fibra cruda (FC%), Ceniza (C%), Calcio (Ca%), Fósforo (P%), Extracto libre de nitrógeno (ELN%) y la Energía bruta (EB kcal/100 g). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos para biomasa forrajera y calidad nutricional. Se construyó un dendograma donde los tratamientos fueron agrupados en tres grupos por sus carac...

The aim of this study was to evaluate two methods for genetic analysis of the Gompertz growth curve (the two-stage method and the method based on a hierarchical Bayesian approach, referred to in this study as the conjoint analysis method). A total of 1110 body weight measurements from 185 Brahman cattle were used. The variance components of the curve parameters were estimated using the two-stage method using the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method. For the conjoint analysis method, the Gibbs Sampling and Metropolis-Hasting algorithms were used. The heritability values estimated using the two-stage method were 0.41 ± 0.004, 0.09 ± 0.01, and 0.65 ± 0.001 for asymptotic weight (a), integration constant (b), and maturation rate (k), respectively. Estimates using the conjoint analysis method were 0.51 0.03, 0.50 0.04, and 0.52 0.04 for the asymptotic weight, integration constant, a...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of harvest days (16, 18, 20 and 22 after germination) on the nutritional value of hydroponic green forage (HGF) of barley in terms of chemical composition: dry matter (DM ), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), mineral matter (MM) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF), and the determination of the kinetic parameters of the in situ degradation of DM and CP, using three cattle with fistula rumen. The incubation times were: 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The DM and MM were similar (p>0.05) in the cultures, while the highest CP concentration was observed on day 16 and 18 (15.07 and 14.66%, respectively). NDF decreased linearly due to the effect of harvest days. The day factor quadratically influenced the degradation of the soluble fraction (SF) of the DM and PC, estimating 60 and 62.53% as maximum degradation of SF at 17 and 15 days of harv...

Los pastos cultivados, así como los pastos naturales son importantes para el desarrollo de la ganadería en los andes del Perú, así como su conservación mediante el heno y ensilado. Sin embargo, en la práctica al ser el recurso alimenticio limitado se debe optar por todas estas opciones en la medida que se garantice el equilibrio de la dieta del animal, pero cada tipo tiene su propia calidad nutricional y esta información debe conocerse para planificar las acciones que maximicen la crianza. Por ello el objetivo de la investigación fue comparar la calidad nutricional del heno de avena, ensilado de avena asociada con vicia y pasto natural. En cuanto a la calidad nutricional, se evaluaron proteína total (PT), grasa (EE), fibra cruda (FC), ceniza (CZ), extracto libre de nitrógeno (ELN), calcio (Ca), fósforo (P), fibra detergente neutra (FDN) y ácida (FDA) y energía bruta (EB). Se...

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la levadura Saccharomyces cerevisiae como aditivo para la preparación de ensilado de avena y cebada en dos tiempos de fermentación (21 y 42 días). Se prepararon minisilos de avena y cebada y se evaluaron cuatro niveles de levadura (0, 15, 30 y 45 g/kg FV). Los minisilos fueron abiertos a los 21 y 42 días. Se prepararon tres repeticiones de ensilado para cada combinación de ensilado x nivel de levadura x tiempo de ensilado. Los valores de composición bromatológica del ensilado de avena en términos de proteína cruda (PC), materia mineral (MM), fibra detergente neutra (FDN), fibra detergente ácida (FDA), extracto etéreo (EE) y pH aumentaron cuando se agregó la levadura con relación al control, pero disminuyó la materia seca (MS). La calidad del ensilado de cebada en términos de MS, PC, FDN, FDA y EE mejoró al agregar 30 y 45...

The effect of including whey in the diet of rams in the fattening stage of the company SAIS Pachacutec S.A.C, located in the central mountains of Peru at an altitude of 4119 m was evaluated. In total, 120 five-month-old Corriedale male rams from the “Cabaña” (n=40), “Plantel” (n=40) and “Majada” (n=40) genetic sections were used. Rams from each section was randomly distributed into four treatment groups (n=10 per group): T1 (0%, control); T2 (15%); T3 (25%) and T4 (35% whey). The whey was added to the concentrate (bran feed). The study included 14 days of adaptation to the feed and 90 days of trial. Final weight, weight gain and carcass weight were significantly different between treatments and sections (p<0.05), being greater in T4 and in the Cabaña section (final weight: 48.7 ± 0.6 kg; weight gain: 379.4 g/day; carcass weight: 20.9 ± 1.2 kg). Carcass yield was simila...