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1
artículo
Durante el embarazo los requerimientos nutricionales cambian en función del índice de masa corporal, nivel de actividad física, y tasa metabólica de la gestante. Se ha relacionado la cantidad insuficiente de nutrientes esenciales en la dieta vegana con consecuencias en la salud de la gestante como depresión post-parto, parestesias, calambres musculares, anemia ferropénica, diabetes mellitus gestacional. Se hace hincapié en la correcta planificación de la dieta en gestantes veganas para evitar estas complicaciones. Es de suma importancia considerar fuentes ricas en proteínas, vitaminas y minerales en cantidades adecuadas para la gestante. Palabras clave: dieta, veganos, mujeres embarazadas, requerimientos nutricionales. (Fuente: DeCS) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/rmt.2021.v16i02.11
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La COVID-19 desencadena un cuadro clínico que puede impactar negativamente en el estado nutricional y en el pronóstico de los pacientes. La respuesta inflamatoria exacerbada en casos críticos, puede traer consigo una serie de alteraciones metabólicas y catabólicas que afectan directamente el estado nutricional, generando pérdida de masa muscular esquelética y desnutrición, lo que se asocia a peores desenlaces y mayores complicaciones. La valoración del estado nutricional, mediante el tamizaje y la evaluación nutricional en pacientes con COVID-19, nos permite preservar el estado nutricional y/o prevenir o tratar la desnutrición asociada y así, reducir las complicaciones asociadas a la misma. Actualmente no existe tratamiento nutricional específico frente al COVID-19, sin embargo, las diversas sociedades científicas del mundo han establecido una serie de recomendaciones para ...
3
artículo
Publicado 2021
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Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disease that affects the glomeruli. The objective of this research was to establish the nutritional and dietary requirements of the elderly with chronic kidney disease on ambulatory hemodialysis. The study was descriptive level of secondary sources and the population was older adults with hemodialysis. The study subject requires 1.1 to 1.2 g / kg protein weight to cover the protein turnover rate and losses during hemodialysis; likewise, sodium, potassium and phosphorus requirements are reduced; as for the others, macro and micronutrients sufficient according to the adequacy for the elderly. The following conclusion was reached: The nutritional requirement is modified by increasing the intake of protein and energy, reducing and controlling food sources of sodium, potassium, phosphorus and water.
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artículo
Publicado 2021
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Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disease that affects the glomeruli. The objective of this research was to establish the nutritional and dietary requirements of the elderly with chronic kidney disease on ambulatory hemodialysis. The study was descriptive level of secondary sources and the population was older adults with hemodialysis. The study subject requires 1.1 to 1.2 g / kg protein weight to cover the protein turnover rate and losses during hemodialysis; likewise, sodium, potassium and phosphorus requirements are reduced; as for the others, macro and micronutrients sufficient according to the adequacy for the elderly. The following conclusion was reached: The nutritional requirement is modified by increasing the intake of protein and energy, reducing and controlling food sources of sodium, potassium, phosphorus and water.
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artículo
Publicado 2021
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The authors thank the National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT) of Lima, Peru, for the support provided and the Graduate School of the National University Federico Villarreal for the facilities provided for the completion of this study.
6
artículo
Publicado 2018
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El soporte nutricional del paciente pediátrico crítico influencia directamente en su morbimotalidad. Diversas condiciones hacen al niño particularmente vulnerable a la desnutrición cuando tiene enfermedades graves. La respuesta metabólica al estrés es principalmente hipercatabolismo de proteínas que ocasiona un balance nitrogenado negativo. Es importante adoptar estrategias que permitan proporcionar una adecuada y oportuna nutrición, realizando una buena valoración nutricional, calculando el gasto de los requerimientos energéticos, priorizando el aporte de proteínas como el macronutriente de mayor relevancia, iniciando el soporte nutricional temprano, mediante la vía correcta y realizando el monitoreo y seguimiento oportuno. En conclusión, el soporte nutricional debe formar parte importante de la estrategia terapéutica en todo niño crítico. DOI 10.25176/RFMH...
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artículo
Publicado 2022
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Objetive. Nutritional intake in a reference pediatric intensive care unit is described and factors associated with inadequate achievement of the caloric goal are identified. Methods. Retrospective study that reviews the medical records of children under 14 years of age to identify clinical data, anthropometric nutritional assessment and energy expenditure according to the Schofield equation. Results. 65 patients were included, 54% male, age range from one month to 13 years, 60% admitted to the emergency department, most frequent diagnoses were shock and respiratory failure and and 49.2% presented normal nutritional status. In 28% of patients an adequate caloric goal was reached, 34% was excessive and 38% deficient. Nutritional support was started in the first 72 hours in 95% of patients, 84.6% by enteral route, 80% had nutrition interruptions. The inadequate achievement of the goal was m...
8
artículo
Publicado 2022
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The vegan diet refers to nutrition based on a wide variety of plant-based food groups (i.e., fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts and seeds, spices and herbs, mushrooms, and algae) that also excludes all. to all foods of animal origin (ie meat, fish, dairy and eggs). Various scientific studies on the nutritional contribution of the vegan diet in athletes seek to identify the benefits and limitations of a vegan diet in the nutritional requirement of athletes, compared to an omnivore diet. Sports nutrition is essential for optimal physical and mental performance, reduces the risk of illness and injury; That is why it is necessary to consume the macro and micronutrient requirements according to the type and intensity of exercise performed by the athlete. Vegan diets in general provide an optimal basis for vegan athletes to develop their overall potential, from increased intake of compl...
9
artículo
Publicado 2018
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The nutritional support of the critical pediatric patient directly influences their morbimotality. Various conditions make the child particularly vulnerable to malnutrition when he has serious illnesses. The metabolic response to stress is mainly protein hypercatabolism that causes a negative nitrogen balance. It is important to adopt strategies to provide adequate and timely nutrition, making a good nutritional assessment, calculating the expenditure of energy requirements, prioritizing the contribution of proteins as the most relevant macronutrient, initiating early nutritional support, through the correct route and performing the monitoring and timely follow-up. In conclusion, nutritional support should be an important part of the therapeutic strategy in every critical child. DOI 10.25176/RFMH.v18.n4.1737
10
artículo
Publicado 2013
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Overweight and obesity result from change in dietary patterns and increasingly sedentary attitude. Objectives: To compare the energy and nutrient intake in female adolescents with overweight and obesity. Design: Cross-sectional, observational and analytical study. Location: Lima’s urban area Education Center. Participants: Adolescents aged 10 to 18 years. Interventions: One hundred overweight adolescents and 87 obese adolescents were studied. Diagnosis was done by body mass index (BMI) with the World Health Organization (WHO) reference population and cutoff levels between 85 and 95 percentile for overweight and over 95 for obesity. Amount of energy and nutrients was determined by a semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire using the Peruvian Table for Food Composition and the Table of the USA Department of Agriculture. FAO recommendations were used to determine the adequate percen...
11
artículo
Publicado 2009
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Se llevó a cabo un experimento factorial para examinar el efecto de la interacción de dos niveles de proteína (25 y 35%) y tres niveles de energía digestible (2.3, 2.5 y 2.7 kcal/ g de alimento) en la dieta sobre la ganancia de peso (GP), conversión alimenticia (CA), energía retenida (ER) y el cociente de eficiencia proteica (REP) en la gamitana (Colossoma macropomum). En la composición de las dietas se empleó harina de anchoveta y harina de torta de soya como fuentes de proteína y maíz amarillo duro, subproducto de trigo y subproducto de cervecería como fuentes de energía. Se encontraron interacciones altamente significativas (p<0.01) entre la energía digestible y la proteína. En las dietas con 25% de proteína, el incremento del nivel de energía digestible mejoró significativamente la GP, CA, ER y la REP, siendo la mejor respuesta con 2.7 kcal/g. Sin embargo, para el...
12
artículo
Publicado 2013
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The sparing effect of the dietary protein using diets with high energy levels was evaluated. A factorial design was used to examine the interaction of two levels of protein (30 and 35%) and two levels of digestible energy (3.3 and 3.7 kcal/g) on the weight gain (WG), food conversion FC), retained protein (PR), retained energy (ER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) in “sex reversal Nile tilapia” (Oreochromis niloticus). Diets contained anchovy and soybean meal as protein sources and yellow corn and wheat bran as energy sources. The fish oil was used to adjust the energy levels. There were highly significant interactions (P<0.01) between the experimental diets. In diets with 30% proteins, the increase of digestible energy significantly enhances WG, FC, PR, ER and PER, where the level of 3.7 kcal/g had the best performance. With 35% protein, the increase of digestible energy had not...
13
artículo
Publicado 2009
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A factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of diets with two levels of protein (25 and 35%) and three levels of digestible energy (2.3, 2.5, and 2.7 kcal/g) on the “gamitana” Colossoma macropomum in terms of body weight gain (WG), food conversion (FC), retained energy (RE), and protein efficiency ratio (PER). Diets contained anchovy and soybean meal as protein sources, and yellow corn, wheat bran, and brewery bran as energy sources. There were highly significant interactions (p<0.01) between protein concentration and digestible energy on the “gamitana” growth. In diets with 25% protein, the increase of digestible energy significantly enhanced WG, FC, RE, and PER, where the level of 2.7 kcal/g had the best performance. However, in diets with 35% protein, only the 2.7 kcal/g level showed good results. It can be concluded that the best response was obtained with ...
14
artículo
Publicado 2013
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The sparing effect of the dietary protein using diets with high energy levels was evaluated. A factorial design was used to examine the interaction of two levels of protein (30 and 35%) and two levels of digestible energy (3.3 and 3.7 kcal/g) on the weight gain (WG), food conversion FC), retained protein (PR), retained energy (ER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) in “sex reversal Nile tilapia” (Oreochromis niloticus). Diets contained anchovy and soybean meal as protein sources and yellow corn and wheat bran as energy sources. The fish oil was used to adjust the energy levels. There were highly significant interactions (P<0.01) between the experimental diets. In diets with 30% proteins, the increase of digestible energy significantly enhances WG, FC, PR, ER and PER, where the level of 3.7 kcal/g had the best performance. With 35% protein, the increase of digestible energy had not...
15
artículo
Publicado 2014
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A brief evidence-based account on the importance of micronutrients and oligoelements in the diet during pregnancy and post-partum is done. An integral approach on nutrition must be given to women during reproductive life as well as before pregnancy. Micronutrient deficiencies have been associated with fetal structural defects risks. Micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy has shown to be effective in the prevention of different health problems including low birth weight, small for gestational age, and birth defects including neural, cardiovascular, cleft palate and abnormalities of the urinary tract. There is no evidence of protection against genetic problems type Down syndrome, or in reduction of perinatal mortality.
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artículo
Publicado 2014
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A brief evidence-based account on the importance of micronutrients and oligoelements in the diet during pregnancy and post-partum is done. An integral approach on nutrition must be given to women during reproductive life as well as before pregnancy. Micronutrient deficiencies have been associated with fetal structural defects risks. Micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy has shown to be effective in the prevention of different health problems including low birth weight, small for gestational age, and birth defects including neural, cardiovascular, cleft palate and abnormalities of the urinary tract. There is no evidence of protection against genetic problems type Down syndrome, or in reduction of perinatal mortality.
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artículo
Publicado 2015
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Pregnancy for the mother's body means overloading their metabolic needs identified by the fetal organogenesis and tissue growth of these organs and extending from the third to ninth month of pregnancy. The problem interferes develop the following facts: the influence of diet during pregnancy on the mother and on the product and the nutritional requirements in pregnancy and lactation.
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artículo
Publicado 2015
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Pregnancy for the mother's body means overloading their metabolic needs identified by the fetal organogenesis and tissue growth of these organs and extending from the third to ninth month of pregnancy. The problem interferes develop the following facts: the influence of diet during pregnancy on the mother and on the product and the nutritional requirements in pregnancy and lactation.
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artículo
Publicado 2019
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Objective: The aim of this study was to assess dietary intake of PD patients and to determine the intake with a variety of factors that can influence it. Methodology: We evaluated 20 PD patients of Guillermo Almenara Hospital,without any exclusion criteria. Nutritional assessment was complete, including major symptoms of the disease asdialysate solution, diuresis, anthropometry (BMI, PCT, WBC), level of úrea, nutritional history, analysis of dietaryintake by food frequency questionnaire, food, registration of dietary intake of 3 days and use of food compositiontable of Peru (2009). It was also considered a brief assessment of the economic and psychological availability, forall this relate to the situation of the intake. Results: Of the 20 patients, 12 were men and 8 women, mostly 35 to 60years. Protein intake was recorded 30% indicating a poor dietary intake. Indirect relationships were...
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artículo
Publicado 2015
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The mammalian embryo is completely dependent on the mother for nourishment. It is absolutely necessary to maintain, at this stage of life, the right balance between circulating nutrients from the mother's blood. This biochemical normality depends on the diet of the mother, her nutritional reserves and their metabolic idiosyncrasies. Overall, the impact of abnormal nutrition depend on the level at which the nutritional factor acts, the specific nature and intensity of nutrient imbalance. The types of impacts are different: death, tissue abnormalities, growth retardation, abnormal cell differentiation and malformations. Therefore, improving the prognosis of pregnancy will depend in part on increased knowledge about nutritional requirements and to educate the community about the unwanted effects of nutrient deficiencies and excesses.
