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1
artículo
Publicado 1972
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This paper addresses the monetary controversies linked to the potential change of gold as a financial asset and the implications of adopting a new system comprising a different unit of value. In this sense, the author analyzes the influence of the United States on monetary policy and the changes in the monetary system based on the positioning of other economies in the international community. Since gold plays a predominant role in the monetary system, the absence of this element would have as a consequence the redefinition of other currencies, since they found in gold a common binding value. Likewise, the author states that monetary systems reflect a political and economic reality and the geographical structure of international trade; therefore, the repercussions of changes in international reserves, external debt, prices and employment must be taken into consideration.
2
artículo
Publicado 1972
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This paper addresses the monetary controversies linked to the potential change of gold as a financial asset and the implications of adopting a new system comprising a different unit of value. In this sense, the author analyzes the influence of the United States on monetary policy and the changes in the monetary system based on the positioning of other economies in the international community. Since gold plays a predominant role in the monetary system, the absence of this element would have as a consequence the redefinition of other currencies, since they found in gold a common binding value. Likewise, the author states that monetary systems reflect a political and economic reality and the geographical structure of international trade; therefore, the repercussions of changes in international reserves, external debt, prices and employment must be taken into consideration.
3
artículo
This paper deals with some of the issues that affect the understanding and functioning of descriptive psychopathology (DP). The latter remains the language of description in psychiatry and the basis for her nosological constructs. DP makes assumptions concerning the nature of its object and its underlying causes (i.e. makes use of the medical model). DP needs historical, clinical and numerical recalibration. It is suggested that in some cases, and against traditional psychometric principles, some instruments will have to be constructed that show flexibility and can be varied according to the descriptive needs presented by individual cases.
4
artículo
This paper deals with some of the issues that affect the understanding and functioning of descriptive psychopathology (DP). The latter remains the language of description in psychiatry and the basis for her nosological constructs. DP makes assumptions concerning the nature of its object and its underlying causes (i.e. makes use of the medical model). DP needs historical, clinical and numerical recalibration. It is suggested that in some cases, and against traditional psychometric principles, some instruments will have to be constructed that show flexibility and can be varied according to the descriptive needs presented by individual cases.
5
artículo
Publicado 2022
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A bibliographic review was made over the published literature on the relationship between social sciences, specifically sociology and medicine. For this, various publications were analyzed and the most relevant aspects were summarized. The objective was to reflect on the emergence of the sociology of health as a discipline, and its relationship with medicine, given that despite the fact that the disease has always been linked to sociocultural aspects, it was not until the middle of the last century that medicine recognizes the importance of sociology in explaining the health-disease process. Even so, sociologists were rarely part of a multidisciplinary team with medical professionals. Currently, sociologists participate with medical professionals in research, to explain health problems that affect people.
6
artículo
Publicado 2018
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Kato [5] and Artigue [3] merged the theory of expansive systems [10] and foliations with the continuum theory [14]. Here we merge the expansive systems but with the descriptive set theory [6] instead. More precisely, we define meagre-expansivity for both homeomorphisms and measures by requiring the interior of the dynamical balls up to some prefixed radio to be either empty or with zero measure respectively. We first prove that every cw-expansive homeomorphism of a locally connected metric space without isolated points is meagre-expansive (but not conversely). Second that a homeomorphism of a metric space is meagre-expansive if and only if every Borel probability measure is meagre-expansive. Next that the space of meagre-expansive measures of a homeomorphism of a compact metric space X is an Fσ subset of the space of Borel probability measures equipped with the weak* topology. In the se...
7
artículo
The objective of the present study was to describe the macroscopic anatomy of the sinus in the alpaca. Ten skulls of adult alpacas were prepared by the maceration technique, and the description through longitudinal cuts was done using terminology recommended by the Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria. In addition, X-rays with contrast medium were taken to four adult alpacas to determine the relationships of sinus with other anatomical structures. Results showed that the frontal and maxillary sinus were well developed and communicated through the frontomaxillary hole; the frontal sinus is divided into a medial and lateral portion as in small ruminants; the maxillary sinus is undivided and has a communication with the nasal cavity through the nasomaxillary opening as in the equine. The sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses were not evident.
8
artículo
We describe the tadpole of Telmatobius brachydactylus using specimens from Gosner stages 30 to 41. Telmatobius brachydactylus tadpole is similar to others Telmatobius larvae with pond type morphology, but differs from the sympatric species T. macrostomus by having proportionally a longer tail and significantly a smaller total length between Gosner stages 33 and 41. We recorded for the first time tadpoles of T. macrostomus in syntopy with T. brachydactylus larvae.
9
artículo
We describe the tadpole of Telmatobius brachydactylus using specimens from Gosner stages 30 to 41. Telmatobius brachydactylus tadpole is similar to others Telmatobius larvae with pond type morphology, but differs from the sympatric species T. macrostomus by having proportionally a longer tail and significantly a smaller total length between Gosner stages 33 and 41. We recorded for the first time tadpoles of T. macrostomus in syntopy with T. brachydactylus larvae.
10
artículo
The gestation biometrics of the alpaca (Vicugna pacos) are described. The abdominal diameter was determined monthly from 10 pregnant alpacas. In addition, uterus of 49 pregnant alpacas were collected from the Maranganí herd (Cusco, Peru) and classified by gestational age known as mating date (every 30 days from day 30 to 330 [± 15 days]). Gravid uteri were weighed and measured, allantoic and amniotic fluid was removed and measured, and fetal weight and length were determined. The results indicate a slight increase in abdominal diameter until the end of gestation, the fetus gradually increases its weight as gestation progresses, being greater from the sixth month onwards. The total length of the fetus increases from month nine. The amniotic fluid represents less than 18% of the volume of the allantoic fluid, both fluids have low volumes. An increase in fluids could be observed towards m...
11
artículo
The present study was carried out to characterize the distribution and an association of hair follicles of alpaca skin. Samples were collected from 42 young Suri and Huacaya alpacas, of both sexes and with various hair colours. Samples were collected by punch skin biopsy in the middle costal zone and processed for histological study using H-E staining. Hair follicles formed follicular nests distributed as a compound follicle group (CFG) and simple follicle group (SFG). The first was composed of primary follicles surrounded by secondary follicles, while that latter was only composed of secondary follicles. Furthermore, primary follicles can be solitary and named Extra Primary Follicle Follicular Group (EPFFG) or forming compound follicle groups named Internal Primary Follicle Follicular Group (IPFFG). Follicular groups are formed by one or more primary follicles and a variable number of s...
12
artículo
El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo la descripción anatómica macroscópica de los senos paranasales de la alpaca. Se utilizaron 10 cabezas de alpacas adultas, donde la capa muscular se removió mediante la técnica de maceración. La descripción de los senos paranasales se hizo a través de cortes longitudinales empleándose la terminología recomendada por la Nómina Anatómica Veterinaria. Asimismo, se tomaron placas radiográficas con un medio de contraste a cuatro alpacas adultas vivas para determinar las relaciones con otras estructuras anatómicas. Los resultados demostraron que los senos frontal y maxilar se encuentran desarrollados y se comunican por el agujero frontomaxilar; el seno frontal se divide en medial y lateral, similar a los rumiantes menores; el seno maxilar es indiviso, similar a los rumiantes, pero se comunica con la cavidad nasal a través de la abertura nasom...
13
artículo
Ovarian follicular growth was described in alpaca weaned females maintained on native and cultivated pastures. Fifty-five alpacas of 8 months on average of age were used, divided into two groups, group 1 (cultivated pastures, n = 23) and group 2 (natural pastures, n = 33). Live weight, uterine size and follicular development using ultrasound were recorded every 15 days. At the first evaluation, 43.5% of small follicles were found in group 1 compared to 6.1 of small follicles in females of group 2. Median follicles were present in the two groups at 9 months of age in 9.1 and 30.1% respectively for groups 1 And 2. Large follicles are found in 5.5% of group 1 alpacas at an average age of 11 months and an average weight of 33.9 kg, while in group 2 it was observed that 3.0% of alpacas showed large follicles at an average age of 10.5 months and an average live weight of 28.1 kg. It is evident...
14
artículo
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the breast is a rare entity that debuts as a breast lump of recent onset and relatively fast growth. Diagnosis is by histology because imaging tests are often nonspecific. Usual treatment is mastectomy with or without axillary dissection; adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy and radiotherapy) often have limited effectiveness in this pathology.
15
artículo
Publicado 2015
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The present report describes and discuss the case of a French bulldog bitch, 2 years and 3 months old with a gestation of about 37 days and vaginal bleeding for nearly 12 days. Infection by B. canis was discarded by serological examination. Determination of serum progesterone through commercial kit showed a low value (2.5-5 ng/ml) so supportive therapy was instituted by micronized progesterone (100 mg/day) until the cessation of vaginal bleeding and maintenance of pregnancy. Progesterone value at this point showed higher values (>5 ng/ml). After day 42 of gestation, hormone supplementation was modified to 100 mg every 48 hours and stopped on day 58 of pregnancy. The female gave birth to a live puppy and other three were removed by cesarean section (two alive and one dead).
16
artículo
A case of urolithiasis is reported in a six-year-old Yorkshire male brought to the Veterinary Clinic of the Lasallian University Corporation with a history of bloody urine, difficulties in urinating and, sometimes, small amounts of urine. Complementary tests were performed including simple and contrasted radiography, abdominal ultrasound, urine cytochemistry, urine culture and blood chemistry. The most sensitive diagnostic methods were simple radiography and contrast media that showed four radiopaque structures in the urinary bladder, and abdominal ultrasound where thickened vesical walls and hyperechoic structures with homogeneous edges compatible with uroliths could be observed. Cystotomy was performed for the removal of uroliths.
17
artículo
Publicado 2020
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The case of a 4-year-old criollo female equine which was presented for consultation with a severe increase in the level of the right tarsus and a history of trauma in the tarsal region of the right posterior limb is reported. Severe joint swelling with pain to the touch was evident. Arthrocentesis was performed and haemorrhagic and cloudy joint fluid was obtained, which in the cytological examination showed a moderate leukocyte reaction with a predominance of polymorphonuclear cells. At the radiological evaluation, bone proliferation and periodic reaction, reduction of joint space and lytic areas were observed. In the ultrasound evaluation there was an increase in the size of the joint capsule, a marked increase in the size of the synovial membrane, a severe decrease in joint fluid and the presence of fibrin bands. The therapeutic approach is performed through analgesics, joint lavage an...
18
artículo
Spanish contains a group of words derived from Quechua which have, in fact been restructured by the morpho-phonological patterns of Spanish. This production, quite evident from the linguistic contact of Spanish and Quechua has increased Spanish vocabulary with the new lexical contribution of Quechua. We present here the changes that Quechua words have gone through when incorporated into Spanish in a systematic manner. Specifically this is a synchromatic description of the phonological and morphological phenomena which may be seen in the words recorded in the Dictionary of the Spanish Language (DRAE, [twenty second edition]).
19
artículo
Through the observarían of the language of migrants from Ayacucho living in Lima,one may find that many phonetic traits characteristic of their mother tongue are tOundin the segmental level and in the suprasegmental level as well. Specially the rhythmand intonation in Spanish seem to reflect the same segmentation and timing coming from Quechua's prosody. All these facrs reveal, at the same time, different stages ofacquisition of the second language.
20
artículo
Ovarian follicular growth was described in alpaca weaned females maintained on native and cultivated pastures. Fifty-five alpacas of 8 months on average of age were used, divided into two groups, group 1 (cultivated pastures, n = 23) and group 2 (natural pastures, n = 33). Live weight, uterine size and follicular development using ultrasound were recorded every 15 days. At the first evaluation, 43.5% of small follicles were found in group 1 compared to 6.1 of small follicles in females of group 2. Median follicles were present in the two groups at 9 months of age in 9.1 and 30.1% respectively for groups 1 And 2. Large follicles are found in 5.5% of group 1 alpacas at an average age of 11 months and an average weight of 33.9 kg, while in group 2 it was observed that 3.0% of alpacas showed large follicles at an average age of 10.5 months and an average live weight of 28.1 kg. It is evident...
