Un ensayo de Electroinmunotrasferencia para detectar anticuerpos contra Sarcocystis aucheniae (SA) de alpacas fue desarrollado para el diagnóstico en vivo de sarcocistiosis en camélidos domésticos. El antígeno consiste en un extracto soluble obtenida de macroquistes SA (MSA) de alpacas naturalmente infectadas. Una de SDS-PAGE (15%) análisis electroforético revelado en quince péptidos de 25-127 kDa. Electroinmunotrasferencia sera un ensayo de transferencia de los conejos inmunizados MSA detectando tres péptidos en 58-50 kDa, mientras que los sueros de SA diagnostican la reacción de alpacas  contra cuatro bandas de proteínas. Los sueros de alpacas neonatas y de alpacas no infectados SA no mostró reactividad frente a los péptidos de MSA. Reactividad inmune específica de los anticuerpos contra alpaca SA con cuatro péptidos de MSA por un ensayo de Electroinmunotrasferencia que...

Un ensayo de Electroinmunotrasferencia para detectar anticuerpos contra Sarcocystis aucheniae (SA) de alpacas fue desarrollado para el diagnóstico en vivo de sarcocistiosis en camélidos domésticos. El antígeno consiste en un extracto soluble obtenida de macroquistes SA (MSA) de alpacas naturalmente infectadas. Una de SDS-PAGE (15%) análisis electroforético revelado en quince péptidos de 25-127 kDa. Electroinmunotrasferencia sera un ensayo de transferencia de los conejos inmunizados MSA detectando tres péptidos en 58-50 kDa, mientras que los sueros de SA diagnostican la reacción de alpacas  contra cuatro bandas de proteínas. Los sueros de alpacas neonatas y de alpacas no infectados SA no mostró reactividad frente a los péptidos de MSA. Reactividad inmune específica de los anticuerpos contra alpaca SA con cuatro péptidos de MSA por un ensayo de Electroinmunotrasferencia que...

The sanitation and disinfecting of lama meat naturally infected with macrocysts of Sarcocystis aucheniae through any of four chemical methods (marinated, smoked, dry cured and wet cured) was evaluated. In addition, a positive control group (non-treated meat) was included. A lisis of macrocysts from treated and non-treated meats was prepared and inoculated into 30 rabbits (100 μg/kg of body weigh, subcutaneously). Rabbits of the humid cured and positive control groups showed clinical signs of toxicity and died within 8-12 hours post-inoculation. Furthermore, 12 puppies of 4-6 months of age were fed with the infected lama meat (150-200 macrocysts per puppy) previously treated with one of the chemical methods under evaluation (one group was kept as a positive control one). Solely dogs of the positive control group eliminated sporocysts after 14 days of ingestion. The results showed that ma...

Se evaluó la capacidad de sanear y detoxificar la carne de llama con macroquistes de Sarcocystis aucheniae a través de los métodos químicos de marinado, ahumado, curado seco y curado húmedo. Además, se incluyó un grupo control positivo (carne sin tratar). Se preparó un lisado a partir de macroquistes provenientes de carnes tratadas y no tratadas, que fue inoculado en 30 conejos (100 μg/kg de peso vivo en forma subcutánea). Los conejos del grupo curado húmedo y control positivo presentaron signos clínicos de toxicidad llegando a morir entre las 8 y 12 horas de la inoculación. Así mismo, 12 perros de 4-6 meses de edad recibieron la carne (150-200 macroquistes por animal) previamente tratada con uno de los métodos químicos bajo evaluación (un grupo de canes quedó como control positivo). Solamente los perros del grupo control eliminaron esporoquistes a partir del día 14 po...

Cystozoites obtained from macrocysts of Sarcocystis aucheniae, collected from alpaca meat infected with sarcocystiosis, were inoculated onto primary monolayer cultures of alpaca turbinate (AT) and secondary monolayer of bovine kidney (BHK) and monkey kidney (VERO) cells. Sporozoites entered the cells, formed large and small multinucleate schizonts, and produced large numbers of cystozoites of perinuclear position. Continuous cultivation from the original cystozoite inoculum was maintained for more than 150 days by inoculating cystozoites onto new cultures of AT, BHK and VERO cells. During this time, the capacity to produce both types of schizonts was preserved. The reproduction of cystozoites of S. aucheniae in tissue culture was confirmed using the Giemsa stain and the fluorescence microscopy and immunoperoxidase test, both of them, using antibodies anti S. aucheniae produced in rabbit.

Cistozoitos obtenidos a partir de macroquistes de Sarcocystis aucheniae presentes en carne de alpacas con sarcocistiosis fueron inoculados en cultivo primario de células de cornete nasal de feto de alpaca (CNA) y en líneas de células establecidas de riñón de bovino (BHK) y de mono (VERO). Los cistozoitos ingresaron a todas las células, transformándose en grandes y pequeños esquizontes multinucleares o en estadios como quistes, produciendo gran cantidad de merozoitos, todos de posición perinuclear. Cultivos continuos a partir del inóculo original de cistozoitos fueron mantenidos por más de 150 días por subcultivo de cistozoitos sobre nuevos cultivos de células CNA, BHK y VERO. Durante este tiempo, se mantuvo la capacidad de producir ambos tipos de esquizontes. Se confirmó la reproducción de los cistozoitos por tinción Giemsa y mediante inmunofluorescencia e inmunoperoxidas...

The study evaluated the interference in the immune protection system against Newcastle disease (ENC) caused by the vaccination against Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) in a simultaneous vaccination against ENC and Infectious Bronchitis (BI) in oneday- old broilers. Four hundred Cobb-Vantress 500 broilers were distributed into four groups. Group I vaccinated at 1-day-old against BI (H120), ENC (VG/GA) and aMPV (11/ 94) with revaccination at day 9 against ENC (VG/GA). Group II vaccinated at 1-day-old against BI (Ma5), ENC (C2) and aMPV (11/94) and revaccinated at day 9 against ENC (Clone 30). Group III vaccinated at 1-day-old against BI and ENC (VG/GA) and revaccinated at day 9 against ENC (VG/GA). Group IV received no vaccine. All groups were challenged at day 30 with a velogenic viscerotropic strain of ENC virus. Mortality, clinical signs, serologic response, post-vaccination reaction, and p...

El estudio evaluó la interferencia en la protección contra la enfermedad de Newcastle (ENC) ocasionada por la vacunación contra Metapneumovirus (aMPV) en un programa de vacunación simultánea al primer día de edad contra ENC y Bonquitis Infecciosa (BI) en pollos de carne. Se usaron 400 pollos de carne Cobb-Vantress 500 divididos en cuatro grupos. El grupo I vacunado al primer día contra BI (H120), ENC (VG/GA) y aMPV (11/94) y revacunado al día 9 contra ENC (VG/GA). El Grupo II vacunado al primer día contra BI (Ma5), ENC (C2) y aMPV (11/94) y, revacunado al día 9 contra ENC (Clone 30). El grupo III vacunado al primer día contra BI (H120) y ENC (VG/GA) y revacunado al día 9 contra ENC (VG/GA). El Grupo IV no fue vacunado. Todos los grupos fueron desafiados el día 30 con una cepa velogénica viscerotrópica del virus de ENC. Se valuó mortalidad, signos clínicos, respuesta sero...

The aim of the study was the sanitation and disinfecting llama meat naturally infected with macrocysts of Sarcocystis aucheniae through any of four physical methods: boiling (100 ºC for 10 min), baking (105 ºC for 65 min), frying and freezing (-20 ºC for 10 days). A lisis of macrocysts from treated and non-treated meats was prepared and inoculated (100 μg/kg of body weight, subcutaneously).into 30 rabbits of 4-5 months of age. Only rabbits of the positive control group (non-treated meat) died. Rabbits of the frozen meat group showed moderate toxicity signs. Furthermore, 13 puppies (2-5 months of age) were fed with 200 g of treated or non-treated infected llama meat. Puppies of meat-treated groups did not eliminate sporocysts in the feces as compared to puppies of the non-treated meat that had sporocysts after 14 days of the feeding. It can be concluded that boiling, baking, and fryin...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the age of alpacas as a risk factor to become infected with Sarcocystis sp. Blood samples were collected from 941 alpacas reared at the SAIS Túpac Amaru (Junín, Peru). Samples were stratified for statistical analysis in 5 age groups (<1, 1, 2, 3, ? 4 years). The sera were analyzed by the indirect ELISA test for the detection of Sarcocystis antibodies. The results showed 844 positive samples representing a seroprevalence of 89.7 ± 1.9% (46, 98, 96, 95 and 95% for < 1, 1, 2, 3, and ? 4 years old, respectively). There were statistical differences between age and the presence of Sarcocystis sp. antibodies (p<0.05).

Procedures were evaluated for the rapid and efficient purification of oocysts and esporocysts of Sarcocystis aucheniae (Sa) from the small intestine of experimentally infected dogs with 400 Sa macrocysts obtained from meat of naturally infected alpacas. The mucosa of the small intestine was removed. Samples were washed by centrifugation with PBS, homogenized and centrifuged. Large quantities of oocysts attached to the intestinal microvilli were obtained. In the first procedure, an ezimatic treatment with 5% tripsin was used resulting in 50% oocyst separation. In the second procedure samples were treated with 2.6% sodium hypoclorite solution achieving 80% separation. In the third procedure, samples were centrifuged with a discontinuous density gradient of potassium bromide rendering 99% oocyst separation. The later procedure allowed obtaining relevant quantities of purified Sa oocysts and...

Physical and chemical methods of home use techniques for sanitation and detoxification of alpaca meat infected with macrocysts of Sarcocystis aucheniae were evaluated. The physical treatments were boiling and baking at 80 °C for 5 minutes and freezing for 10, 15 and 20 days; and the chemical treatments were salting for 15 and 30 days, and marinated for 24 hours. Dogs were fed with bouts of treated alpaca meat containing 180-200 macrocysts and the presence of oocysts were analyzed in faeces for 18 days. Besides, macrocysts lisates were injected to rabbits to evaluate the detoxifying effect of treatments on the protein content of the macrocysts. Only the physical treatments proved to be effective in sanitizing alpaca infected meat, whereas the toxin biological activity could not be altered.

Con el objetivo de sanear y detoxificar la carne de llama infectada con Sarcocystis aucheniae se evaluó el efecto de los métodos físicos de cocción (100 ºC por 10 min), horneado (105 ºC por 65 min), fritura y congelado (-20 ºC por 10 días). La inactivación de la toxicidad de la proteína sarcocystina se evaluó en 30 conejos de 4-5 meses de edad que fueron inoculados s.c. con 100 μg de proteína/kg de peso vivo, obtenida de un lisado de macroquistes de S. aucheniae proveniente de carnes tratadas con cada método físico y de carne sin tratar. Únicamente los conejos del control positivo (carne sin tratar) murieron. Los conejos del grupo de carne congelada presentaron sintomatología tóxica moderada. La interrupción del ciclo biológico del S. aucheniae se evaluó en 13 perros de 2-5 meses de edad que fueron alimentados con 200 g de carne de llama tratada o sin tratar. Los per...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the age of alpacas as a risk factor to become infected with Sarcocystis sp. Blood samples were collected from 941 alpacas reared at the SAIS Túpac Amaru (Junín, Peru). Samples were stratified for statistical analysis in 5 age groups (<1, 1, 2, 3, ? 4 years). The sera were analyzed by the indirect ELISA test for the detection of Sarcocystis antibodies. The results showed 844 positive samples representing a seroprevalence of 89.7 ± 1.9% (46, 98, 96, 95 and 95% for < 1, 1, 2, 3, and ? 4 years old, respectively). There were statistical differences between age and the presence of Sarcocystis sp. antibodies (p<0.05).

Procedures were evaluated for the rapid and efficient purification of oocysts and esporocysts of Sarcocystis aucheniae (Sa) from the small intestine of experimentally infected dogs with 400 Sa macrocysts obtained from meat of naturally infected alpacas. The mucosa of the small intestine was removed. Samples were washed by centrifugation with PBS, homogenized and centrifuged. Large quantities of oocysts attached to the intestinal microvilli were obtained. In the first procedure, an ezimatic treatment with 5% tripsin was used resulting in 50% oocyst separation. In the second procedure samples were treated with 2.6% sodium hypoclorite solution achieving 80% separation. In the third procedure, samples were centrifuged with a discontinuous density gradient of potassium bromide rendering 99% oocyst separation. The later procedure allowed obtaining relevant quantities of purified Sa oocysts and...

Physical and chemical methods of home use techniques for sanitation and detoxification of alpaca meat infected with macrocysts of Sarcocystis aucheniae were evaluated. The physical treatments were boiling and baking at 80 °C for 5 minutes and freezing for 10, 15 and 20 days; and the chemical treatments were salting for 15 and 30 days, and marinated for 24 hours. Dogs were fed with bouts of treated alpaca meat containing 180-200 macrocysts and the presence of oocysts were analyzed in faeces for 18 days. Besides, macrocysts lisates were injected to rabbits to evaluate the detoxifying effect of treatments on the protein content of the macrocysts. Only the physical treatments proved to be effective in sanitizing alpaca infected meat, whereas the toxin biological activity could not be altered.