No existe información sobre el tiempo que requiere la garrapata B. microplus para su desarrollo no-parasítico en áreas ganaderas de Pucallpa. En un ambiente natural de 26ºC y 2000 mm de precipitación anual, se estudiaron las fases no parasíticas de preovoposición, ovoposición, incubación y supervivencia larval de B. microplus a partir de huevos depositados por teleoginas. La observación se hizo en cada uno de los meses del año, usándose en cada caso, por un lado, 5 tubos de vidrio de 3 cm de diámetro y 8 cm de longitud, de extremos abiertos pero tapados con malla de nylon y, por otro lado, una microparcela cuadrangular de 0.0225 m2 con pasto natural por mes. En estos microambientes se depositaron teleoginas y se determinó el tiempo promedio de las fases mencionadas el cual. fue como sigue: preovoposición, tanto en tubos como en microparcelas, de 2 a 5 días; ovoposición (...

In an analitic study of the Parasitology and microbiology and the Peruvian Parasitology congresses and many national publications about, of the last 25 years, it has been abstracted prevalence ciphers of the parasitic diseases in the human intestinal-hepatic segment, that had been taken using the microscopic-fecal test. Using this test, we could obtain 31306 samples, principally of students from: the urban, suburb and rural areas, in almost all over the country. It could be found the following average ciphers: 27.4% (with limits between 0.5-95.0) for nematodes (Ascaris, Trichuris, Uncinarias: Necator orancylostoina, Strongyloides, Enterobius); 6.1% (with limits between 0.2-50.0) for cestodes (Taenia, Hymenolepis, Diphyllobothrium); 6.8% (with limits between 0.3-17.9) for Fasciola; and 17.4% (with limits between 0.3-58.1) forprotozoa (Entamoeba, Giardia, Endolimax, Balantidium, Chilomasti...

No existe información sobre el tiempo que requiere la garrapata B. microplus para su desarrollo no-parasítico en áreas ganaderas de Pucallpa. En un ambiente natural de 26ºC y 2000 mm de precipitación anual, se estudiaron las fases no parasíticas de preovoposición, ovoposición, incubación y supervivencia larval de B. microplus a partir de huevos depositados por teleoginas. La observación se hizo en cada uno de los meses del año, usándose en cada caso, por un lado, 5 tubos de vidrio de 3 cm de diámetro y 8 cm de longitud, de extremos abiertos pero tapados con malla de nylon y, por otro lado, una microparcela cuadrangular de 0.0225 m2 con pasto natural por mes. En estos microambientes se depositaron teleoginas y se determinó el tiempo promedio de las fases mencionadas el cual. fue como sigue: preovoposición, tanto en tubos como en microparcelas, de 2 a 5 días; ovoposición (...

In an analitic study of the Parasitology and microbiology and the Peruvian Parasitology congresses and many national publications about, of the last 25 years, it has been abstracted prevalence ciphers of the parasitic diseases in the human intestinal-hepatic segment, that had been taken using the microscopic-fecal test. Using this test, we could obtain 31306 samples, principally of students from: the urban, suburb and rural areas, in almost all over the country. It could be found the following average ciphers: 27.4% (with limits between 0.5-95.0) for nematodes (Ascaris, Trichuris, Uncinarias: Necator orancylostoina, Strongyloides, Enterobius); 6.1% (with limits between 0.2-50.0) for cestodes (Taenia, Hymenolepis, Diphyllobothrium); 6.8% (with limits between 0.3-17.9) for Fasciola; and 17.4% (with limits between 0.3-58.1) forprotozoa (Entamoeba, Giardia, Endolimax, Balantidium, Chilomasti...

En 1970 Tió Y Guerrero, al estudiar los parásitos de Cavia aperea Erxl de las localidades de Canas y Canchis, en el Cuzco, Perú, encontraron que el 28 % de ellos estaban parasitados con Monoecocestus sp. cestodo Anoplocephalideo.

The case of a female mongrel dog, castrated, 1.5 years old with abnormal structures on the ear, in addition to alopecia and generalized pruritus is presented. The paraclinical aids performed were suggestive for cutaneous histiocytoma in addition to demodicosis. Surgical excision was performed, without observation of subsequent recurrences.

The effectiveness of a combined treatment of cloprostenol and cabergoline was evaluated for interruption of gestation in bitches. A clinical experience is reported in an English bulldog bitch with a gestation of 30 days. The treatment was administrated every 24 hours and consisted in 5 μg/kg of cabergoline, orally, followed 30 minutes later by 1 μg/kg of cloprostenol, via subcutaneous. Physiological constants, effects post administration, and ecographic evolution of the gestation was evaluated. Also, progesterone concentration was determined in two blood samples using a quantitative commercial kit. Changes in gestational vesicles were observed at day 3 of treatment, and a lower cardiac frequency (<180 bpm) were recorded on day 4. A fetal expulsion occurred few hours later. Ultrasound on day 5 showed absence of vesicles and fetuses. Serum progesterone concentration on day 3 was 1 to ...

Se evaluó la efectividad de un tratamiento combinado de cloprostenol y cabergolina como método de interrupción de la gestación en hembras caninas. Se describe el caso de una perra Bulldog Inglés con gestación estimada de 30 días. Cada 24 horas se aplicó 5 μ/kg de cabergolina, vía oral, seguido a los 30 min de 1μ/kg de cloprostenol, vía subcutánea. Se evaluaron constantes fisiológicas, efectos post administración y evolución ecográfica de la gestación; asimismo, se determinó la concentración de progesterona sérica utilizando un kit comercial cuantitativo. Cambios en las vesículas gestacionales se observaron en el día 3 del tratamiento, y en el día 4 se evidenció una frecuencia cardíaca disminuida (<180 lpm), y una expulsión fetal horas más tarde. El examen ecográfico del día 5 mostró ausencia de vesículas gestacionales y fetos. La progesterona sérica en...

The case of a female mongrel dog, castrated, 1.5 years old with abnormal structures on the ear, in addition to alopecia and generalized pruritus is presented. The paraclinical aids performed were suggestive for cutaneous histiocytoma in addition to demodicosis. Surgical excision was performed, without observation of subsequent recurrences.

In 1970 Tió and Guerrero studied parasites of Cavia aperea Erxl from Canchis and Canas in Cuzco, Peru, they found that 28% of C. aperea were parasitized with Monoecocestus sp. cestodo Anoplocephalideo.

Objetive: assess the ultrasound characteristics of neonatal thalamic damage (hemorrhage or infarction) and the associated prenatal factors.  Material and methods: it’s a retrospective descriptive study of a series of neonates’ cases with thalamic damage. We review the data of the ultrasound report from 3 562 neonates, since august 1999 until august 2004. The transfontanellar ultrasound studies were performed in the Diagnostic Imaging and Neonatal Intensive Care Services. An ultrasound equipment with micro-convex transducer of 5 and 7.5 Mhz was used. Results: there were 8 (0,2%) cases of thalamic damage: 6 unilateral and 2 bilateral, 5 in preterm neonates and 3 in term neonates. The average weight of the preterm newborns was 1,490 gr, and in the term newborns was 3,210 gr. The average gestational time in newborns was 30,4 weeks and 39,3 weeks for the term ones. The prenatal fa...

Objetive: assess the ultrasound characteristics of neonatal thalamic damage (hemorrhage or infarction) and the associated prenatal factors.  Material and methods: it’s a retrospective descriptive study of a series of neonates’ cases with thalamic damage. We review the data of the ultrasound report from 3 562 neonates, since august 1999 until august 2004. The transfontanellar ultrasound studies were performed in the Diagnostic Imaging and Neonatal Intensive Care Services. An ultrasound equipment with micro-convex transducer of 5 and 7.5 Mhz was used. Results: there were 8 (0,2%) cases of thalamic damage: 6 unilateral and 2 bilateral, 5 in preterm neonates and 3 in term neonates. The average weight of the preterm newborns was 1,490 gr, and in the term newborns was 3,210 gr. The average gestational time in newborns was 30,4 weeks and 39,3 weeks for the term ones. The prenatal fa...

This paper examines the nature of the multiple bond Chrome-chromium complexes of chromium (II) with carboxylate groups, evaluating the structural details and distances correlation between the metal-metal bond with their electronic properties as the energy of the molecular orbital (HOMO, LUMO), global indices (GAP, chemical potential, hardness and softness). Just as the relative effect of different types of carboxylate ligands, in the Chromium-Chromium link and modify properties. The computational calculations were using the semiempirical method (PM3), optimizing the geometry of the molecules. All this was done in the program Q-Chem, using the graphical interface Spartan. We conclude the existence of groups of molecules based on types of ligands, showing a correlation based on their electronic properties related Cr-Cr distance.

En el presente trabajo se estudió la naturaleza del enlace múltiple cromo-cromo, en complejos de cromo (II) con grupos carboxilatos, evaluándose los detalles estructurales y las correlación existente entre las distancias de enlace metal-metal con sus propiedades electrónicas, como la energía de los orbitales moleculares (HOMO, LUMO), índices globales (GAP, potencial químico, dureza y blandura). Así como el efecto relativo de los diferentes tipos de ligandos carboxilatos, en el enlace cromo-cromo y que propiedades modifican.Los cálculos computacionales se realizaron por el método Semiempírico (PM3), optimizando la geometría de las moléculas. Todo esto se realizó en el programa Q-Chem, utilizando la interface gráfica de Spartan.Concluimos la existencia de grupos moléculas en base a los tipos de ligandos, mostrando una correlación en base a sus propiedades electrónicas, r...

MAX phase thin films have been synthesized by thermal treatment of a Ti-Al-C multilayer system. The preparation of the multilayer system was carried out via magnetron sputtering. Based on the thickness ratio among the individual nanoscale monolayers (Ti, Al, C), the resulting MAX phase stoichiometry can be controlled. This paper describes the synthesis of both Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2 MAX phases from the same precursor multilayer system which is composed of a sequence of Ti/Al/C pure elemental single layers with thicknesses of 14, 6, and 3.5 nm, respectively. This sequence is repeated 22 times with a total thickness of around 500 nm. Rapid thermal treatment tests were performed to study the phase development. The Ti2AlC MAX phase forms in a temperature range below 850 °C, whereas the Ti3AlC2 MAX phase starts to form at temperatures above 850 °C and reaches its highest phase purity at 950 °C...

Disordered crystalline Fe50Mn25+xSn25?x alloys, with x =-1.25, 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 (close to the full-Heusler alloys), were arc-melted in a high purity argon atmosphere and the molten pellets were individually sealed in quartz tubes also under argon atmosphere. Subsequently, they were annealed at 1173 K for 4 days, being finally quenched in a bath with cold water. Structural and magnetic properties have systematically been studied using X-ray diffraction,57Fe, and119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopies, and magnetization measurements recorded at room temperature. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction patterns of the annealed samples with x =-1.25 and 0 has revealed the presence of two hexagonal crystallographic phases: (i) a chemically disordered solid solution identified as ??(Fe/Mn)3Sn (majority fraction) and (ii) the ??Fe5Sn3 intermetallic compound (minority fraction). For samples with ...

The aim of this study was to conduct a haematological evaluation of dogs and cats in Lima, Peru. A total of 460 blood samples (410 dogs and 50 cats) were collected between December 2017 and May 2018. The smears were stained with Wright and the reticulocytes were stained with Brilliant cresyl blue. Descriptive statistics were performed for quantitative variables in the erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid series, as well as the frequency analysis of qualitative variables between species indicator of type of anaemia and leukaemia, ability of medullary regeneration, abnormal morphological changes, out of physiological range and presence of extra and intracellular microorganisms. The most frequent alterations were normochromic normocytic anaemia (23.2% dog, 10% cat), megaloblastic anaemia (5.1% dog), severe hypochromic microcytic anaemia (4% cat), neutrophilic chronic myeloid leukaemia (7.1% dog,...

The aim of this study was to conduct a haematological evaluation of dogs and cats in Lima, Peru. A total of 460 blood samples (410 dogs and 50 cats) were collected between December 2017 and May 2018. The smears were stained with Wright and the reticulocytes were stained with Brilliant cresyl blue. Descriptive statistics were performed for quantitative variables in the erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid series, as well as the frequency analysis of qualitative variables between species indicator of type of anaemia and leukaemia, ability of medullary regeneration, abnormal morphological changes, out of physiological range and presence of extra and intracellular microorganisms. The most frequent alterations were normochromic normocytic anaemia (23.2% dog, 10% cat), megaloblastic anaemia (5.1% dog), severe hypochromic microcytic anaemia (4% cat), neutrophilic chronic myeloid leukaemia (7.1% dog,...

Objectives: To evaluate the capacity of the hyperimmune llama serum (Lama glama) to neutralize the lethal activity of Bothrops atrox venom in laboratory mice. Materials and methods: Mean lethal dose (LD50 ) was calculated from a Bothrops atrox venom sample pool from Peru. The antibody titers were measured by ELISA assay; and the immune serum neutralization potency was measured by calculating the mean effective dose (ED50) during the immunization period. Results: The venom’s LD50 was 3.96 ?g/g; similar to what was found in other studies about Bothrops atrox carried out in Peru. The titers of antibodies against the venom increased rapidly in the llama, demonstrating a fast immune response; however, the neutralization capacity increased slowly and required several doses and immunization reinforcements, obtaining a ED50 of 3.30 ?L/g mouse and a neutralization potency of 3.6 mg/mL after 15 ...

Introduction: Currently, infections by the SARS-CoV-2 virus exceed 600 million cases in the world. Objective: Isolation and characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 virus causing COVID-19 at the beginning of the pandemic in Peru. Materials and methods: Twenty nasal and pharyngeal swab samples were isolated SARS-CoV-2 using two cell lines, Vero ATCC CCL-81 and Vero E-6; virus identification was performed by RT-PCR and the onset of cytopathic effect (CPE) was evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence and subsequent identification by genomic sequencing. One of the most widely circulating isolates was selected and named the prototype strain (PE/B.1.1/28549/2020). Then 10 successive passages were performed in Vero ATCC CCL-81 cells to assess mutation dynamics. Results: Results detected 11 virus isolates by cytopathic effect, and subsequently confirmed by RT-PCR and indirect immunofluorescence. Of th...