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In the mid-nineteenth century, the Peruvian Government sponsored European immigration in order to settle and colonize the Amazon region and linking it to the national economy, one of these groups of migrants were Tyrolean and German settlers who came to the mid-nineteenth century to Peru to settle in the Pozuzo. Despite the difficulties encountered and the lack of communication channels, because the government breached its promise to build a road to the area, this group of settlers arrived to Pozuzo persevered through their own efforts, finally the colony was thriving because of tenacity and resolve of the settlers and their descendants

This article is part of the research we did on the peasant community of San Mateo de Otao, located in the province of Huarochiri. The research included a historical, economic, social and cultural study of this community near metropolitan Lima, as well as its major archaeological sites (Chaupimarca, Marca Marca, Huarichaca) to its value for tourism. Also, identify appropriate appropriate development alternatives to reality and the interests of the community.

José Faustino Sanchez Carrion integrates the Peruvian liberals first generation, which also belonged Hipólito Unanue, Mariano José de Arce, Jose Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza and Francisco Javier Mariategui, and is recognized as the tribune of the Republic of Peru, which is the name given by Raul Porras Barrenechea, for his advocacy of the republican system against the proposed constitutional monarchy of general Jose de San Martin and his minister Monteagudo through the letters he signed with the pseudonym Sayan Solitaire. In his letters openly defends the republican system of government because this system was based on equality and freedom, which were the key components of a society of citizens, while the monarchy, however, is based on inequality and despotism and corresponded to a society of vassals. The war against the royalist forces and the difficult economic crisis of the old vic...

In (he sixreenth cenrury, Spanish priesrs ro evangelízc the narives of rhe central Andes who ehereafier were considcred Christians, but despite che efforrs of priesrs the narive, whom rhe Spanish called «indigenous», persisted in their beliefs religíous. Francisco de Avila, docrrinaire priesr of Sr, Damian, Huarochiri, recollectcd informacion from rhcse beliefs in Huarochirí and dcnounccd rhis «idoíarry» ro play an irnporrant role in che firsr season of «cxrirpation of idolatry». lhis documenr now known as che QUi'chullManuscript Huarochiri was onc of rhe docurnenrs this process of «exrirparion uf idolatry» and his study provides us such tites and religious rradirions no longer existo Eradicarion campaigns rried ro eliminare rhe persistcnce of «ídolatry- among Indians, for the prlcsrs rhe dcvil appeared as a ciernon tllnny, a succubus, which penerrared rhrough the drcarns, ...

In the mid-nineteenth century, the Peruvian Government sponsored European immigration in order to settle and colonize the Amazon region and linking it to the national economy, one of these groups of migrants were Tyrolean and German settlers who came to the mid-nineteenth century to Peru to settle in the Pozuzo. Despite the difficulties encountered and the lack of communication channels, because the government breached its promise to build a road to the area, this group of settlers arrived to Pozuzo persevered through their own efforts, finally the colony was thriving because of tenacity and resolve of the settlers and their descendants

This article is part of the research we did on the peasant community of San Mateo de Otao, located in the province of Huarochiri. The research included a historical, economic, social and cultural study of this community near metropolitan Lima, as well as its major archaeological sites (Chaupimarca, Marca Marca, Huarichaca) to its value for tourism. Also, identify appropriate appropriate development alternatives to reality and the interests of the community.

José Faustino Sanchez Carrion integrates the Peruvian liberals first generation, which also belonged Hipólito Unanue, Mariano José de Arce, Jose Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza and Francisco Javier Mariategui, and is recognized as the tribune of the Republic of Peru, which is the name given by Raul Porras Barrenechea, for his advocacy of the republican system against the proposed constitutional monarchy of general Jose de San Martin and his minister Monteagudo through the letters he signed with the pseudonym Sayan Solitaire. In his letters openly defends the republican system of government because this system was based on equality and freedom, which were the key components of a society of citizens, while the monarchy, however, is based on inequality and despotism and corresponded to a society of vassals. The war against the royalist forces and the difficult economic crisis of the old vic...

In (he sixreenth cenrury, Spanish priesrs ro evangelízc the narives of rhe central Andes who ehereafier were considcred Christians, but despite che efforrs of priesrs the narive, whom rhe Spanish called «indigenous», persisted in their beliefs religíous. Francisco de Avila, docrrinaire priesr of Sr, Damian, Huarochiri, recollectcd informacion from rhcse beliefs in Huarochirí and dcnounccd rhis «idoíarry» ro play an irnporrant role in che firsr season of «cxrirpation of idolatry». lhis documenr now known as che QUi'chullManuscript Huarochiri was onc of rhe docurnenrs this process of «exrirparion uf idolatry» and his study provides us such tites and religious rradirions no longer existo Eradicarion campaigns rried ro eliminare rhe persistcnce of «ídolatry- among Indians, for the prlcsrs rhe dcvil appeared as a ciernon tllnny, a succubus, which penerrared rhrough the drcarns, ...

Objetive: To find out the distribution and some characteristics of malignant neoplasias of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in a population of Callao - Peru. Design: A descriptive, retrospective and observational study. Context: GI unit, Daniel Carrion Hospital, Callao, Peru. Participants: Each patient with an histologically documented GI tract cancer, between November 1991 and March 1995, was included in the study. Pancreatic carcinomas were also considered with a positive CAT scan and/or ERCP study. Intervention: Clinical records, were included, 63.1% were males. The most common location was in stomach (57.3%), colon and rectum (15.5%) and hepatic carcinomas (9.9%). Gastric carcinoma was found in persons aged 45 or younger in 12% cases. Only 22% of gastric cancers were located on the antrum, 80% of colorectal cancers were located on the left hemi-colon rectum. Ampullocarcinoma was 1.8 t...

To display the experience of vascular lesions in the upper digestive tract in 2007-2008 at Daniel Alcides Carrión Hospital. METHODOLOGY: Transverse study. All endoscopies performed in the indicated period were reviewed. Vascular lesions found were record. The OMED classification for vascular lesions was used in this research. RESULTS: 1.979 examinations were reviewed. 26 vascular injuries were found (prevalence = 13.13/1000 endoscopies). The most frequent location was in stomach (65.4%). The most common type of injury was vascular angiectasia(57.7%). CONCLUSION: Vascular lesions in the upper digestive tract were rare; these lesions were more common in the stomach. Vascular angiectasias were the most frequently reported

OBJETIVO: presentar la experiencia en lesiones vasculares del tracto digestivo superior en los años 2007-2008 en el Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrion. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se revisaron todas las endoscopias realizadas en el periodo señalado. Se consignaron las lesiones vasculares encontradas. Se utilizo la Clasificación de la OMED para lesiones vasculares. RESULTADOS: Se revisaron 1,979 exámenes. Se encontraron 26 lesiones vasculares (Prevalencia=13.13/1,000 endoscopias). La localización mas frecuente (65,4%) en estomago. El tipo de lesión más común fue la angiectasia vascular (57,7%). CONCLUSIÓN: Las lesiones vasculares del tracto digestivo superior son poco frecuentes, son mas comunes en estomago y las angiectasias vasculares son las mas frecuentemente reportadas.

Background: Fluid therapy plays a critical role in the management of acute pancreatitis. Normal saline (NS) is commonly used in these patients. However, Lactate Ringer’s (LR) has also been shown to be useful for this condition. Aim: To assess the effect of LR compared to NS in patients with acute pancreatitis. Methods: We searched in three electronic databases from inception to December 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Outcomes were mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, hospital stay, and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) at 24, 48, and 72 h. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. All meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model. Results: Four RCTs comprising 248 patients were included. The mean age ranged from 42.3 to 63.8 years and 49% of patients were men. Patients treated with LR had similar risk of mortality ...

OBJETIVO: Determinar si existe un patrón estacional en la presentación del sangrado digestivo alto en pacientes con hipertensión portal. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se revisaron todos los informes de endoscopia digestiva alta del servicio de gastroenterología realizados entre julio de 1996 a junio del 2001 (N=9264). Se incluyeron todos los casos de sangrado digestivo alto sometidos a endoscopia . El grupo de estudio lo conforman adultos y niños teniendo en consideración los datos de edad, sexo y los diagnósticos endoscópicos reportados. La recolección y agrupación de los datos fue realizada mes a mes y luego reagrupados por estaciones. Los datos fueron procesados por el programa epi info versión 6.0 y el análisis de los mismos mediante la prueba Chi cuadrado. RESULTADOS: El 11.1% del total de endoscopias correspondió a episodios de sangrado digestivo alto. Se encontró un total d...

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las infecciones son causa común de morbi-mortalidad en pacientes cirróticos. La Diabetes Mellitus (DM) es un reconocido factor predisponente a infecciones y cuya coexistencia como causa o consecuencia se ha visto incrementada en la población cirrótica, de manera particular en población cirrótica de etiología viral de tipo C y cuya prevalencia ha sido reportada hasta en más del 50% de pacientes en algunas series. Partimos de la hipótesis que la DM constituye un factor de riesgo para infecciones en los pacientes con Cirrosis Hepática. Nos planteamos el siguiente objetivo general: Determinar si existe asociación entre DM e infecciones en pacientes con cirrosis hepática. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, analítico, multicéntrico. Se dividió en 2 grupos, aquellos con DM (glicemia > 126 mg/dl) y sin DM. Se realizó una comparación de frecuencia y el ti...

OBJETIVO: Evaluar el índice número de plaquetas/diámetro mayor del bazo (P/DMB) como un método diagnóstico no invasivo de la presencia de várices esofágicas (VE) en pacientes con cirrosis hepática. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de Test Diagnósticos, análisis retrospectivo. Se recolectaron los datos de pacientes, con el diagnóstico de cirrosis hepática, en el Servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión (HNDAC), entre Septiembre 2010 y Enero 2011; posteriormente se calculó la sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo, razón de probabilidades positiva y negativa; utilizando a la endoscopía digestiva alta como patrón de oro. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron los datos de 47 pacientes, la edad promedio fue de 60,74 años; la etiología fue consumo de alcohol en el 25,5%, y no determinada en el 48,9% de pacientes. El 25% de pacient...

Introducción: Algunos autores han demostrado incremento de células neuroendócrinas en colitis microscópica y colitis ulcerativa. Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la presencia de células neuroendócrinas en colitis linfocítica, colitis colagenosa y colitis ulcerativa en comparación a controles. Materiales y métodos: Se usó inmunohistoquímica para identificar a las células neuroendócrinas a través del marcador cromogranina A. El estudio incluyó 10 casos de cada diagnóstico de colitis linfocítica, colitis colagenosa y colitis ulcerativa. Resultados: Se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el conteo de células neuroendocrinas en colitis linfocítica (p=0,019104) y colitis ulcerativa en comparación con los controles (p=0,0077). En colitis colagenosa, se encontró un incremento de células neuroendocrinas pero no pudimos demostrar dife...

Objectives: 1) To determine the prevalence of increased number of eosinophils in colonic mucosa of patients with lymphocytic colitis (LC). 2) To determine the coexistence of eosinophilic colitis (EC) in patients with lymphocytic colitis. Materials and methods: slides of adult patients with cronic diarrhea with diagnosis of LC were reviewed between October 2009 and March 2012. The number of eosinophils was quantified. Results: Sixty eight patients with LC were included. Elevated eosinophils were found in 76.5 and in 51.4% a diagnosis of EC was established. Conclusion: 3 out of 4 patients with LC had elevated eosinophils and 1 of 2 patients with LC had criteria for EC.

Objetivos: 1) Determinar la prevalencia de incremento de eosinófilos en mucosa colónica en pacientes con colitis linfocítica (CL). 2) Determinar la coexistencia de colitis eosinofílica (CE) en pacientes con CL. Materiales y métodos: Las biopsias colónicas de pacientes adultos con diarrea crónica diagnosticados como CL en el hospital Daniel A. Carrión durante octubre 2009 a marzo 2012 fueron revisadas de forma independiente por 2 patólogos. Microscópicamente, se investigó y cuantificó la presencia de eosinófilos en mucosa colónica. Resultados: Se incluyeron 68 casos de CL, de los cuales 76,5% tuvieron eosinófilos elevados en la mucosa colónica y en 51,4% se pudo hacer el diagnóstico de CE según los criterios establecidos. Conclusión: Tres de cuatro pacientes con CL presentan eosinófilos elevados y 1 de cada 2 pacientes con CL cumple criterios para CE.

Se reporta el caso de una paciente de 19 años con el diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda recurrente, cuya alteración anatómica fue un páncreas divisum, en quien se le realizó una esfinterotomía endoscópica de la papila menor, con resultado exitoso.