Among the most frequent malignancies worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death (1). Its incidence has doubled over the past two decades, with the greatest burden occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Malignant primary liver tumors are usually described as a pathology affecting mainly men older than 40 years with a cirrhotic liver; they have rarely been reported in younger people and usually, in those younger than 40, most commonly hepatoblastoma.

This work was supported by the Alliance pour les Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé (AVIESAN), ITMO Cancer ENV201408 (to S.B.) and the Ligue Contre le Cancer (to P.P.). J.P.C. was a recipient of a doctoral scholarship from the Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica (FONDECYT) 212-2015-FONDECYT and was supported by a fellowship from Campus France 941211E; L.C. was supported by a doctoral fellowship from IRD ARTS-2016-878573B; I.L. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer PDF20170505624; J.J.F. has received funding from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) under the Investments for the Future program 11-LABX-0068; S.C.Z. and E.R. have received funding from the World Bank Group and FONDECYT-CONCYTEC under the Research Infrastructure Improvement program 016-2018-FONDECYT/BM; and S.B. ...

Labrisomus philippii (Steindachner, 1866) is a marine fish species of intertidal-subtidal rocky bottom with distribution on the coast of Peru and Chile. 124 specimens of L. philippii were acquired in the Chorrillos Fishmarket, Lima, Peru, between May to September 2008 to evaluate parasitefauna infracommunities. Fish showed a mean length of 19.1 cm (10 cm to 24.5 cm). Parasites were collected and counted employing conventional techniques. Parasite assemblages were higher for endoparasite (99.3%) than ectoparasites abundance (0.70%). The mean parasite species richness as 1.1 (0-5). Forty-seven hosts were not parasited and seventy-seven hosts showed infection at least with one parasite specie. Eight parasites with the following prevalence and mean abundance were found: an unidentified mixosporea (7.2%; 0.1±0.5), the copepod Acanthochondria syciasis (Kroyer, 1863) (4%; 0.04±0.2), three tre...

The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: TRR was a recipient of a doctoral fellowship from Innóvate Perú (069-FINCyT-BDE-2014); JPC was a recipient of a doctoral fellowship from the Peruvian National Council for Science and Technology (212-2015-FONDECYT); ER and FD were supported by the Young Research Teams Associated with IRD Program (JEAI-INCAncer); and GB, PP, JG, ED, and SB were supported by the Third Cancer Plan of the French National Alliance for Life Sciences and Health (ENV201408).

This study was funded by the French National League against Cancer (team label LNCC) and Odyssey-RE; E.D., S.B., and P.P. were supported by the Third Cancer Plan, ITMO Cancer of the French National Alliance for Life Sciences and Health (ENV201408); J.P.C. was a recipient of a doctoral fellowship from the Peruvian National Council for Science and Technology (212-2015-FONDECYT); L.C. was a recipient of a doctoral fellowship from French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) (EMHE-ARTS-2016-878573B); and L.C., E.R., and S.C. were supported by the Young Research Teams Associated with IRD Program (INCAncer). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors wish to acknowledge all patients whose participation was essential to the achievement of this study. The authors are grateful to...

We previously described a divergent clinical and molecular presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Peru. The present study aimed to further characterize the tissue features associated with this singular nosological form of HCC in order to gain insight into the natural history of the disease. We performed an exploratory analysis of the histology of both tumor and non-tumor liver (NTL) tissues from 50 Peruvian HCC patients, and compared with that of 75 individuals with non-HCC liver tumor or benign liver lesions as a baseline for NTL features. We complemented this approach with a transcriptome analysis in a subset of NTL tissue samples and also performed an ultra-sensitive hepatitis B virus (HBV) detection in liver tissues of the patients. Overall, results highlighted the low rate of liver parenchymal alterations in a young patient cohort (median age: 40 years old), despite a str...

This research was funded by the French National Alliance for Life Sciences and Health, grant number ENV201408. S.B. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, agreement number 823935. P.V.O. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) (04077858). JPC was a recipient of a doctoral fellowship from the Peruvian National Council for Science and Technology (212-2015-FONDECYT).