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The Peruvian State has declared 2020 as the "Year of Universal Health", expressing a desire and right of all Peruvians, as set forth in the Political Constitution of Peru (1). Traditionally, health is conceived as "absence of disease", the latter being understood as a state of alteration of the organism, which disturbs its normal functioning. In 1947, the World Health Organization (WHO), in its Magna Carta, defined health in positive terms as "the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being", and not merely as the absence of disease. From this conviction has emerged a new vision of health, called the biopsychosocial model, moving away from the thesis that to speak of health is to speak of disease.

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between anemia and depressive symptoms in patients with early stage breast cancer at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (INEN), Lima, Peru. Methods. An analytical cross-sectional  observational study of 60 Peruvian women diagnosed with early stage I and II breast cancer was conducted between June 2019 and March 2020. All participants were assessed by Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDIII) score, had not received prior chemotherapy, and met the inclusion criteria. Each participant provided a blood sample that was used to estimate hemoglobin and red and white blood cell counts. Results. Of the 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria, twenty (33.3%) had depressive symptoms at the time of diagnosis. Mean hemoglobin levels in patients with depressive symptoms (M = 10.9, SD = 2.1) were lower compared to those in pa...

We sought to review literature on the prevalence of symptoms of depression in women with a diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) and in the Peruvian population determine the prevalence of symptoms of depression and to describe the association with sociodemographic characteristics. Descriptive cross-sectional analytical study of 254 patients from the National Cancer Institute of Peru (Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas) with a diagnosis of clinical stage I or II BC. The patients included women aged between 26 and 67 years old. Symptoms of depression were monitored by the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Moreover, clinical features and patient sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed and their association with depression was assessed by logistic regression. The average age of the patients was 47.8 +/- 9.2 years; 5.4% of the patients were postmenopausal at the time of the questionn...

Objetivo.- El carcinoma de células en anillo de sello primario del colon y recto, es una neoplasia poco frecuente, variedad del adenocarcinoma del intestino grueso. El propósito de este estudio fue establecer su incidencia, historia natural y relación con el cáncer de colon no polipoide hereditario (HNPCC). Métodos.- Se revisaron las historias clínicas e histología de 28 pacientes con diagnóstico de carcinoma de células en anillo de sello primario del colon y recto, en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN), entre los años 1991 al 2002. Resultados.- La incidencia del carcinoma de células en anillo de sello fue del 5.09% en relación con los casos de adenocarcinoma primario del colon y recto. Los pacientes fueron diagnosticados en estadios avanzados de enfermedad (C y D de Dukes). En la mayoría de casos la neoplasia comprometió todo el espesor de la pared i...

Muchos de los progresos recientes en la comprensión de la patogénesis de trastornos comunes y raros del sistema nervioso se han producido mediante el uso de tejido cerebral humano post-mortem. Los bancos de cerebros han tenido un papel crucial en este proceso, proporcionando  material raro e invaluable. La función de un banco de cerebro moderno es recolectar material post-mortem o de biopsia de casos clínicamente y patológicamente bien caracterizados de manera continua y sistemática, considerando cuestiones de seguridad y éticas que rodean el uso de tejido humano donado para investigación médica. El presente artículo llama la atención sobre la importancia de los bancos de cerebro, en la recolección y almacenamiento de material post-mortem para satisfacer las necesidades de proyectos de investigación específicos, los aspectos tanto técnicos como éticos y legales, relacion...

The study of the human genome, when performed only through the DNA sequence information, does not completely explain the high level of inter-individual variation usually observed. It is the control of gene expression by the epigenetics what allows to explain those variations of gene expression, as a reversible and hereditary process in the short term under the influence of the environment during various stages of development and adulthood, without modifying the genetic sequence. Epigenetic alterations are already being studied as valuable candidates in the eventual identification of biomarkers. Furthermore, their reversible nature makes them promising factors in the amelioration of disease symptoms through the use of therapeutic approaches. This article explains the epigenetic mechanisms and its relationship with the environment, diet, and its influence on evolution, the occurrence of di...

El deterioro cognitivo inducido por quimioterapia es un proceso biológico poco entendido; sin embargo, existe evidencia de que podría afectar a pacientes en tratamiento adyuvante por cáncer de mama cuya incidencia varía ampliamente según la población en estudio, el esquema terapéutico aplicado y la metodología utilizada en su evaluación. La presente revisión busca iniciar discusiones sobre la necesidad de generar información en nuestro medio acerca de este trastorno, a fin de plantear estrategias de prevención y control por parte del personal de salud y mejorar la calidad de vida de las pacientes sometidas a este tipo de tratamiento.

Los cambios cognitivos en las pacientes con cáncer de mama que reciben quimioterapia han sido previamente reportados. El cáncer de mama es la neoplasia más frecuente en las mujeres peruanas y es la segunda causa de muerte relacionada con el cáncer en el Perú. La población peruana presenta características étnicas y socio-biológicas particulares, siendo necesario generar estudios que nos permitan determinar la magnitud de este problema. El presente estudio busca generar información y explorar indicadores asociados al efecto de la quimioterapia en la cognición en las pacientes con cáncer de mama, del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN). Identificar las terapias que se asocian con mayor frecuencia a disminución del rendimiento cognitivo. El estudio es de tipo longitudinal (prospectivo, observacional, analítico de seguimiento de casos) en el que participaron 1...

Introduction. Chemotherapy-associated executive dysfunction is an adverse effect of conventional antineoplastic treatment that affects many patients. It has been reported that the presence of specific polymorphisms in key genes can cause a greater susceptibility to develop this condition. Objective. To determine the relationship between the Val66Met polymorphism (196 G>A) of the BDNF gene and the development of executive dysfunction in female patients with breast cancer treated with chemotherapy. Methods. 73 female breast cancer patients were evaluated for executive dysfunction before and after chemotherapy. The evaluation was carried out with the INECO Frontal Screening test (IFS). The genotype (GG=Val/Val, GA=Val/Met and AA=Met/Met) was determined by PCR and sequencing of BDNF gene. Association analysis was performed by calculating the Odds Ratio (OR) and by quantitative comparison....

Objectives. The latest WHO classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms considers 29 mature T and NK cell lymphomas. One of these corresponds to peripheral T-cell lymphoma, without another specification (LCTP-NOS). The objective of this research was to evaluate the clinical-pathological characteristics of this disease and its association with EBV infection in relation to global survival (OS). Methods. 65 cases with a diagnosis of LCTP-NOS were studied at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases in a period of 6 years. Clinical-pathological characteristics were evaluated, and OS and other clinical parameters were compared between cases with infection and without EBV infection. Results. There were (45 %) positive cases for EBV. The average age was 50 years and (29 %) were women. The proportion of patients with and without B symptoms was similar. The stages were usually advan...

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The indexing of the Peruvian Journal of Health Sciences of the University of Huanuco (UDH) in Latindex-Regional Online Information System for Scientific Journals of Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal, represents an academic achievement of this house of studies and its editorial team. But that is not all because, in addition to being an official organ of academic publications, it becomes an opportunity for local and national health sciences researchers to present their work and research to the national and international scientific community, with due compliance with the minimum requirements demanded today by globalization and scientific knowledge, in addition to promoting the increase of individual production of teachers of health sciences careers, so that they can access the category of CONCYTEC researchers in Peru and the stimuli of scientific publication.  

We report two cases of patients, that had a clinical feature, with jaundice, headache, and sensorial compromise, swelling of low extremities and ascites. The necropsy had shown in both cases, renal clear cell carcinoma, with tumoral trombosis of the renal vein, inferior cava vein and superior hepatics veins; that provoked post hepatic portal hypertension with necrosis centrilobular, bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy. This cases show the relation between renal carcinoma and Budd Chiari syndrome.

Lung cancer is a health problem in Peru, being the most aggressive in its behavior. It affects men and women equally. PET/CT is a useful tool in the staging and follow-up of the treatment of these tumors. At present, there is enough evidence to afrm that this technology allows to adjust the treatment and to have an influence on  long term survival. In this work we have made a descriptive review of the  relevant articles recently published on the subject. It is concluded that the  PET/CT study is useful in the staging  and follow-up of the proposed  treatment for patients with non-small  cell lung cancer. We also have the  information that this malignant tumor  continues to arrive at medical  consultations at an advanced stage.

We report two cases of extragonadal pelvic endodermal sinus tumor diagnosed at the Departament of Pediatric of the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases and discuss the clinical presentation, differential diagnosis and pathologic study.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a rare neoplasm of the central nervous system with aggressive behavior and poor outcome. CD5 expression in nodal or extranodal in this neoplasm is infrequent. These cases tend to be more aggressive than the CD5 negative cases. Herein, we report a case of primary brain CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting in an immunocompetent 64-year-old woman. She presented with intensity frontoparietal headache, nausea, vomiting, generalized seizures and confusional symptoms. Nuclear magnetic resonance showed characteristics of malignant lymphoma. The patient received treatment with corticoids with good response. Two years after the initial condition, she presented symptoms again. Brain images studies showed bifrontal neoplasm. No tumors were found in other sites. On the basis of morphology and immunohistochemistry, the diagnosis was CD5-positive diffus...

We report a case of a seven year old girl, from Parinas-Piura, who was admited in the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas with an expansile intracraneal process and neurological deficit. The patient die and the necropsy shown osteomyelitis of right orbital bones and chronic meningoencephalitis with angiitis due to free living amoebas.

Objective. The main of this research was to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, no other specification (DLBCL, NOS) in a cohort of Peruvian patients diagnosed between 2005 and 2009. Methods. Seventy-two cases diagnosed with DLBCL, NOS, were studied at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases. Clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated and overall survival (OS) and other clinical parameters were compared according to cell of origin, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of MYC and BCL2. Results. There were 54 % women and 46 % men, with an average age of 65 years. 76 % were nodal, the majority cervical, and 24 % extranodal, with the stomach being the most affected site. The most frequent stages were II (35 %) and III (29 %), the majority with medium-high and high IPI. Histologically, almost a...

Objective. To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (LCBGD, NOS), in a cohort of peruvian patients. Methods. Seventy-two cases with a diagnosis of LCBGD, NOS, were studied at the INEN. Clinicopathological characteristics, overall survival (OS) and other clinical parameters were evaluated according to origin cell, Epstein-Barr virus infection (EBER), and the immunohistochemical expression (IHC) of MYC and BCL2. Results. There were 54% women and 46% men, with an average age of 65 years. 76% were ganglionic, the majority cervical location and 24% extranodal, the stomach being the most affected. The most frequent stages were II (35%) and III (29%), the majority with medium-high and high IPI. Histologically, almost all cases had centroblastic and immunoblastic morphology. There was a similar proportion of cases with germinal...