High-quality scientific evidence requires approaches to evaluate the research methodologies. Thus, degrees of recommendation for medical procedures or health interventions have been established. Internal validity assessment (for methodology and bias), external validity assessment (for reproducibility in the target population), and analysis of impact ought to be performed.

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The objective of this literature review is to report dentoalveolar and skeletal changes of the mandibular arch after rapid maxillary expansion (RMS) in mixed dentitions. An electronic search was carried out in the following databases: Medline/PubMed, Scopus, LILACS as well as manual search in the main orthodontic journals (American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, The Angle Orthodontics, Seminars in Orthodontics) and Google Scholar. The eligibility criteria included all studies related to the topic being reviewed, in English and Spanish, without restrictions on the year of publication. Of a total of 62 articles found, 10 were chosen to be analyzed. Quite a few authors agree on the presence of clinically significant spontaneous skeletal and dentoalveolar changes, in the mandibular dental arch in short and long term after RMS. During the aftermath of the RMS, an anterio...

The aim of the review is to contribute to the optimization of decision-making based on scientific evidence that explains how the corticotomy contributes to the acceleration of dental movement and whether the advantages are greater than the surgical risks associated with the technique. Corticotomy is defined as the surgical intervention limited to the cortical portion of the alveolar bone. Therefore, unlike an osteotomy, the corticotomy procedure only penetrates the medullary bone, either buccally or lingually. But it is an invasive method in which the patient needs to be correctly selected and informed of the post-operative conditions and the potential risks of surgery. Because it stimulates the process of bone regeneration through controlled surgical injuries, which leads to accelerate tooth movement in orthodontic treatment; with less prolonged activations. It can reduce the time of or...

El propósito de esta revisión es contribuir a la optimización de la toma de decisiones basada en evidencia científica que explique cómo la corticotomía ayuda en la aceleración del movimiento dentario y determinar si las ventajas son mayores que los riesgos quirúrgicos al que conlleva la técnica. La corticotomía es definida como la intervención quirúrgica limitada a la porción cortical del hueso alveolar por lo que a diferencia de una osteotomía el procedimiento de corticotomía apenas penetra el hueso medular, tanto por la zona bucal y lingual; no obstante, es un método invasivo que requiere la selección correcta del paciente y a su vez informarlo de las condiciones post operatorias y los potenciales riesgos de la cirugía debido a que estimula el proceso de regeneración ósea a través de injurias quirúrgicas controladas, lo que conlleva a acelerar el movimiento dentar...

The Rapid Maxillary Expansion that involves the opening of the median palatine suture is used frequently to correct narrow arch maxillary and since the maxillary relates also with the skull base, the objective of this paper was to search in the literature the effects that the Rapid Maxillary Expansion produces on the pterygoid process and the spheno-occipital synchondrosis; analyzed clinically, with compute tomography, bone scintigraphy, cephalometric X-ray and the finite element method. The literature review was done on the data bases: Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Scielo, BSV (Bireme), ISI (Web of Sciencie) and Lilacs. It can be said that the forces it proportionate during the Rapid Maxillary Expansion not only to performs on the median palatine suture, but also on the pterygoid processes and even on the spheno-occipital synchondrosis, to making displacements and different concentrations o...

The Rapid Maxillary Expansion that involves the opening of the median palatine suture is used frequently to correct narrow arch maxillary and since the maxillary relates also with the skull base, the objective of this paper was to search in the literature the effects that the Rapid Maxillary Expansion produces on the pterygoid process and the spheno-occipital synchondrosis; analyzed clinically, with compute tomography, bone scintigraphy, cephalometric X-ray and the finite element method. The literature review was done on the data bases: Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Scielo, BSV (Bireme), ISI (Web of Sciencie) and Lilacs. It can be said that the forces it proportionate during the Rapid Maxillary Expansion not only to performs on the median palatine suture, but also on the pterygoid processes and even on the spheno-occipital synchondrosis, to making displacements and different concentrations o...

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge on prevention in oral health in pregnant women attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Service of the Hipolito Unanue Nacional Hospital and San Jose Hospital-2011. We performed a prospective descriptive study, and Cross, in 249 pregnant women attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Service of the Hipolito Unanue Hospital and 158 patients who came to San Jose Hospital (2011). A questionnaire was administered to measure the level of knowledge about preventive oral health, oral disease and the relationship between dental care and pregnancy. 84 % of all pregnant women surveyed reported no dental care. Only 14 % have knowledge about oral hygiene items, and less than 50 % have knowledge about nutrition during pregnancy and its effect on the child’s teeth. 64 % have a good level of knowledge about preventive measures, however, ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge on prevention in oral health in pregnant women attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Service of the Hipolito Unanue Nacional Hospital and San Jose Hospital-2011. We performed a prospective descriptive study, and Cross, in 249 pregnant women attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Service of the Hipolito Unanue Hospital and 158 patients who came to San Jose Hospital (2011). A questionnaire was administered to measure the level of knowledge about preventive oral health, oral disease and the relationship between dental care and pregnancy. 84 % of all pregnant women surveyed reported no dental care. Only 14 % have knowledge about oral hygiene items, and less than 50 % have knowledge about nutrition during pregnancy and its effect on the child’s teeth. 64 % have a good level of knowledge about preventive measures, however, ...

Objective: To investigate the influence of sociodemographic factors and characteristics attributed to the host, substrate and potential microorganisms in risk of early childhood caries on 2-to-5 years-old infants from a rural community of the Peruvian Amazon. Methods: Cross-sectional study in 155 pre-school children between 2-5 years old, from the district of Picha­naki. A clinical examination and questionnaire were carried out. For risk analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regression models, corrected using the Holm-Bonferroni method and a bootstrapping with 10000 sam­pling cycles were used. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was 83.3%. Factors associated with dental caries were a history of urinary tract infections during pregnancy (p = 0.005), poor oral hygiene (p = 0.001), sharing utensils with their main caregiver (p = 0.018), and having older siblings with cavitie...

Objective: To investigate the influence of sociodemographic factors and characteristics attributed to the host, substrate and potential microorganisms in risk of early childhood caries on 2-to-5 years-old infants from a rural community of the Peruvian Amazon. Methods: Cross-sectional study in 155 pre-school children between 2-5 years old, from the district of Picha­naki. A clinical examination and questionnaire were carried out. For risk analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regression models, corrected using the Holm-Bonferroni method and a bootstrapping with 10000 sam­pling cycles were used. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was 83.3%. Factors associated with dental caries were a history of urinary tract infections during pregnancy (p = 0.005), poor oral hygiene (p = 0.001), sharing utensils with their main caregiver (p = 0.018), and having older siblings with cavitie...

Objective: To report the use of toothpaste in Peruvian children under 12 years old, during the period of 2016 - 2018. Materials and methods: The study was descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective, using the records of the ENDES database, Peru, during 2016-2018. The sample was multistage, probabilistic and stratified, consisting of 118,716 records of children under 12 years of age. The variables were: use of toothpaste, fluoride concen-tration, department, geographical area and natural region. A descriptive analysis of the absolute and relative frequencies was performed. Results: Of the participants, they brushed their teeth, 88%; they brush their teeth 2 times a day, 40%; they used toothpaste, 98%; they used toothpaste with a fluorine concentration of 1000ppm or more, 44.6% (n = 15 376), 43.2% (n = 14 545) and 44% (n = 16 227), for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. In the d...

Objective: To report the use of toothpaste in Peruvian children under 12 years old, during the period of 2016 - 2018. Materials and methods: The study was descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective, using the records of the ENDES database, Peru, during 2016-2018. The sample was multistage, probabilistic and stratified, consisting of 118,716 records of children under 12 years of age. The variables were: use of toothpaste, fluoride concen-tration, department, geographical area and natural region. A descriptive analysis of the absolute and relative frequencies was performed. Results: Of the participants, they brushed their teeth, 88%; they brush their teeth 2 times a day, 40%; they used toothpaste, 98%; they used toothpaste with a fluorine concentration of 1000ppm or more, 44.6% (n = 15 376), 43.2% (n = 14 545) and 44% (n = 16 227), for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. In the d...