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1
informe técnico
Publicado 2021
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Peru is a place with abundant biological resources that should be employed for the benefit of society in general. However, to date, the use of Peruvian plant genetic resources was not fully exploited for the development of improved crops. This work was mostly conducted by the international private sector. The Climate Change Laboratory at Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, and other laboratories at Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión and Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina together with other research programs of other institutions seek to promote the massive and sustainable use of plant genetic resources maintained in germplasm banks. It is planned to make use of modern molecular and morphological techniques. Moreover, infrastructure and human resources are being improved. As a result, we will be able to maintain the growth of the agricultural activity in Per...
2
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Population growth, climate change and global warming are the great challenges facing agriculture in the 21st century. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of selection of new varieties in plant breeding programs. In this regard, flow cytometry has proven to be a very powerful tool to speed-up selection processes in plant breeding because of its versatility and capacity to evaluate large populations.
3
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Population growth, climate change and global warming are the great challenges facing agriculture in the 21st century. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of selection of new varieties in plant breeding programs. In this regard, flow cytometry has proven to be a very powerful tool to speed-up selection processes in plant breeding because of its versatility and capacity to evaluate large populations.
4
artículo
In order to estimate the genetic effects – direct and maternal – linked to the expression of growth traits in lambs of Junín breed, four mixed models were applied in the study of the birth weight (PN), weaning weight (PD), first shearing weight (PE) and daily body weight gain from birth to weaning (GPND), through univariate and bivariate analysis. The models used in univariate analysis included as fixed effects year of birth and sex, and as covariates the mother’s weight at mating (for PN and PD), age of lamb at weaning (for PD and GPND), and age at first shearing (for PE). Model 1 included the fixed effects and the direct additive genetic effect (a); Model 2, similar to 1, added additive maternal genetic effect (m), considering Covam=0; Model 3, similar to 2, assumed Covam=Aam; and Model 4, equal to 3, added the maternal permanent environmental effect (c). All bivariate models...
5
artículo
In order to estimate the genetic effects – direct and maternal – linked to the expression of growth traits in lambs of Junín breed, four mixed models were applied in the study of the birth weight (PN), weaning weight (PD), first shearing weight (PE) and daily body weight gain from birth to weaning (GPND), through univariate and bivariate analysis. The models used in univariate analysis included as fixed effects year of birth and sex, and as covariates the mother’s weight at mating (for PN and PD), age of lamb at weaning (for PD and GPND), and age at first shearing (for PE). Model 1 included the fixed effects and the direct additive genetic effect (a); Model 2, similar to 1, added additive maternal genetic effect (m), considering Covam=0; Model 3, similar to 2, assumed Covam=Aam; and Model 4, equal to 3, added the maternal permanent environmental effect (c). All bivariate models...
6
artículo
Publicado 2023
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Objective. The study sought to analyze the oxygenation of water in the intensive breeding of “Paco” applying the Open Source. Methods. An explanatory study was carried out, whose population was constituted by the fish-farms of Agropecuaria Ebenezer, in the el Fundo Ecológico La Colorada, in the Ucayali region (Peru). It developed the installation of a method for control and collection data on dissolved oxygen, using a computer program that activated the Venturi system, which in turn activated the oxygenation system, controlled by an Arduino microcontroller system. Results. It determined the influence of the Arduino shield on the water oxygenation process for the intensive breeding of “Paco”, allowing the use of clean energy; Likewise, it was possible to know the differentiated results in the production of the intensive breeding of the “Paco”, according to the oxygenation of ...
7
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Plant breeders and geneticists use molecular marker-assisted selection also called as MAS as a useful approach for breeding of plant to make selection more efficient and speed up the breeding cycle. MAS can be more efficient, effective, and reliable than phenotypic selection. Molecular markers are useful to identify the economically important traits in the breeding population for further manipulation in a short time. Due to the applicability of markers at the seedling stage ensuring high precision at the reduced level of cost, marker-assisted selection offer the chances to improve responses from selection. The MAS using DNA level polymorphism accelerate the pace of selection. The main marker technologies applied are chiefly co-dominant markers i.e. microsatellite markers/SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) marker, RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) marker and SNPs ...
8
tesis de grado
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento Académico de Fitotecnia
9
artículo
Publicado 2020
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The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and predict genetic merit for milk production adjusted to 305 days (PL) in crossbred cattle as selection criteria. Records of productive data was used from 289 purebred and crossbred animals with 349 lactations between 2000 and 2019. To obtain the PL, the incomplete gamma equation proposed by Woods was applied. The statistical and animal models included the random effects: additive genetic, permanent and temporary environments, while the fixed effects were breed composition, lactation and year of initiation of lactation. To analyze the variance components for the calculation of heritability (h2) and repeatability (r) for PL, the VCE v. 6.0 program was used and the breeding values through the animal model using the MTDFRELM software. Eleven inbred animals were reported with a mean inbreeding coefficient of 0.107 ± 0.115. The mean P...
10
artículo
Publicado 2020
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The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and predict genetic merit for milk production adjusted to 305 days (PL) in crossbred cattle as selection criteria. Records of productive data was used from 289 purebred and crossbred animals with 349 lactations between 2000 and 2019. To obtain the PL, the incomplete gamma equation proposed by Woods was applied. The statistical and animal models included the random effects: additive genetic, permanent and temporary environments, while the fixed effects were breed composition, lactation and year of initiation of lactation. To analyze the variance components for the calculation of heritability (h2) and repeatability (r) for PL, the VCE v. 6.0 program was used and the breeding values through the animal model using the MTDFRELM software. Eleven inbred animals were reported with a mean inbreeding coefficient of 0.107 ± 0.115. The mean P...
11
tesis de grado
Publicado 2019
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Desde muy chico he estado involucrado en este mundo del Caballo Peruano de Paso y he sido participe de numerosos concursos, además, de la crianza. Con el pasar de los años vi disfrutar a mucha gente de su espectáculo y elegancia. Sin embargo, entendí que con los escasos recursos que se tienen y la poca difusión, nuestro Caballo Peruano de Paso a pesar de ser el mejor caballo de silla del mundo, nunca llegaría a ser reconocido realmente. Es así, como nace la idea de crear una Escuela de Chalanes en Lurín. Un lugar con historia, con un clima y entorno ideal, pero, sobre todo, un lugar donde se vive y se concentra la pasión por este animal. De esta manera, la investigación parte del marco teórico, por enseñar un poco la historia y las raíces del porvenir de esta crianza. Luego, el estudio de los proyectos referenciales que sirvieron para tener una primera base de lo que se pret...
12
artículo
Publicado 2017
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Objetivos. Conocer los niveles de calidad del entorno del hogar y explorar sus relaciones con el nivel socioeconómico y la educación de la madre. Materiales y métodos. Estudio cuantitativo-exploratorio realizado durante marzo y agosto de 2013. Se recogió información sobre 5.859 niños menores en el rango de edad de 1 a 24 meses al momento de la entrevista, que conformaban 5.620 hogares en zonas rurales. Asimismo, se recopiló información de 5.723 madres. Se emplearon el Family Care Indicators (FCI) y el Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME), además de una Encuesta sociodemográfica. Resultados. Los niños de hogares con un mayor nivel de riqueza tienen mayor disponibilidad de materiales de juego; asimismo realizan con más frecuencia actividades en compañía de un adulto y en sus hogares se cuenta con libros para adultos y periódicos. En los hogares con un m...
13
artículo
Publicado 2017
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Objectives. To know the quality standards of the home environment and explore their relationships with socioeconomic status and maternal education. Methods. Quantitative – exploratory study done between March and August 2013. We collected data from 5.859 children from 1 to 24 months. We also collected data from 5.723 mothers. We applied the Family Care Indicators (FCI) and the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME), and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results. Children in households with a higher level of wealth have increased availability of play materials; also most frequently performed activities in the company of an adult and in their homes has books for adults and newspapers. In households with more children of the household head, children play with fewer toys of different uses and origins, and perform fewer activities with a grownup. Most parents had practic...
14
artículo
The guapuruvu is pioneer specie by fast growing of legume family with great importance in restoration projects. The aim of the study was to assess the genetic variability of offspring of Schizolobium parahyba through quantitative genetic parameters. The progeny test was installed in a randomized block design in three replications four plants per plot with 60 progenies. Was evaluated plant height, diameter at breast height with the ages: 2, 7, 14, 20 and 66 months and the percentage of survival at 66 months. For the estimates of genetic parameters, the data were analyzed by software SELEGEN. The heritability coefficients at individual level (ĥa2) were higher by height (0.318, 0.012, 0.247, 0.390 and 0.012) compared to DBH (0.021, 0.024 and 0.015) in the 14, 20 and 66 months, respectively. The highest genetic correlation between characters and plant height DBH occurred in the period of 14...
15
artículo
The guapuruvu is pioneer specie by fast growing of legume family with great importance in restoration projects. The aim of the study was to assess the genetic variability of offspring of Schizolobium parahyba through quantitative genetic parameters. The progeny test was installed in a randomized block design in three replications four plants per plot with 60 progenies. Was evaluated plant height, diameter at breast height with the ages: 2, 7, 14, 20 and 66 months and the percentage of survival at 66 months. For the estimates of genetic parameters, the data were analyzed by software SELEGEN. The heritability coefficients at individual level (ĥa2) were higher by height (0.318, 0.012, 0.247, 0.390 and 0.012) compared to DBH (0.021, 0.024 and 0.015) in the 14, 20 and 66 months, respectively. The highest genetic correlation between characters and plant height DBH occurred in the period of 14...
16
tesis de grado
Publicado 2017
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La crianza de traspatio, generalmente es una crianza de autoconsumo, pero también algunos de estos animales son vendidos a intermediarios los cuales abastecen a mercados cerca de la localidad, también existe un porcentaje que es sacrificado clandestinamente y vendido para ser embutidos. El presente estudio se realizó en el distrito de San Antonio, provincia Huarochiri en el año 2017 con la finalidad de caracterizar la crianza porcina de traspatio. Se encuestó a 141 porcicultores, los cuales respondieron de manera voluntaria; dicha información fue almacenada en hojas Excel® y posteriormente procesada por el programa Infostat®. El 88% de los corrales visitados tenía los comederos sucios y el 89% tenía bebederos sucios. Muchos de los cuales utilizaban el comedero como bebedero y viceversa. El 43% de las marranas recibe su primer servicio entre los 7-8 meses, donde el 94% realiza m...
17
artículo
Publicado 2024
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El cacao, un cultivo comercial significativo en Nigeria, contribuye al crecimiento económico de la nación. Sin embargo, el declive de la producción de cacao es preocupante, por lo tanto, existe la necesidad de reiniciar la industria del cacao a través del Cocoa Rebirth Program (CRP). El estudio describe las características socioeconómicas de los productores de cacao, determina el nivel de práctica de la CRP, describe la actitud de los agricultores de cacao hacia la CRP e identifica las limitaciones contra la adopción de CRP en el estado de Kwara, Nigeria. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas, análisis de regresión múltiple y correlación de momento del producto Pearson para analizar los datos. Los resultados revelaron que la edad media de los agricultores, la experiencia agrícola y el tamaño de la granja fueron 52.4 años, 23.3 años y 1.74 hectáreas, respectivamente. E...
18
tesis de grado
Publicado 2020
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Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Zootecnia. Departamento Académico de Nutrición
19
artículo
Publicado 2007
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Se describen las actividades de conservación y caracterización del bovino criollo peruano en el Instituto Nacional de Investigación y extensión Agraria (INIEA), las mismas que se han desarrollado con la activa interacción con las comunidades rurales de las regiones peruanas de Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Junín y Puno, dedicadas a la crianza de ganado criollo; en las comunidades también se llevaron a cabo trabajo de campo y charlas participativas sobre la conservación de sus morfotipos locales. Las actividades desarrolladas incluyen la caracterización morfológica y molecular empleando microsatélites y RFLP para detectar genotipos de proteínas lácteas (variantes de kappa caseínas y beta lactoglobulinas). Esta información será de utilidad para los programas de mejoramiento del bovino criollo peruano en las comunidades rurales.
20
tesis de grado
Publicado 2013
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Gran Pajonal es una empresa Agropecuaria con años de experiencia en el mercado, teniendo como principal actividad la crianza y comercialización de porcinos, dentro de la actividad interna que se realiza para el manejo de la empresa se encuentra el proceso de venta, el control e inventario de los cerditos y los alimentos que éstos consumen a diario, la información obtenida en estos procesos es de suma importancia para cumplir con el flujo del trabajo diario de la empresa. Para el manejo de la información que se obtiene a diario en la agropecuaria, se requiere un sistema denominado "Sistema de gestión e información de Cerdos para la Agropecuaria Gran Pajonal" que nos permita gestionar y controlar la información sobre los cerditos existentes en la granja, de igual modo controlar los insumos que se utilizan la elaboración de sus alimentos, y los detalles de las ventas que la empresa...
