ABSTRACT The study’s objective was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the revised version of the MHI-5, for which a sample of 1002 university students of both sexes (41.4% men and 58.6% women) between the ages of 17 to 35 years (M = 21.4; SD = 3.4) was collected. Along with the R-MHI-5, other instruments were applied to measure anxiety and depression. Regarding the results, it was evidenced that the model with two related factors presents better fit indices (CFI = .99; TLI = .99; RMSEA = .071) compared to a one-dimensional model (CFI = .74; TLI = .48; RMSEA = .422). Also, it was found that the factorial structure of the MHI-5 did not show evidence of being strictly invariant for the group of men and women. However, it did show evidence of partial invariance for the group of adolescents and adults. Furthermore, the latent relationships model showed that psychological well-being...

Most studies only describe mental health indicators (anxiety, depression, insomnia, and stress) and the risk factors associated with these indicators during the pandemic (sex, student status, and specific physical symptoms). However, no explanatory studies have been found that assess the impact of variables associated with COVID-19. Against this background, the objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of the fear of catching COVID-19 on the level of anxiety, depression, and insomnia in 947 university students of both sexes (41.6% males and 58.4% females) between the ages of 18 and 35 (M = 21.6; SD = 3.4). The Fear of catching COVID-19 Scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were used to measure the variables. The results of the study show that the fear of catching COVID-19 significantl...

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess the factorial structure of the scale, the method's effect associated with its negative items, its temporal invariance, and factorial invariance according to sex. For this purpose, three samples were collected, an initial sample of 200 participants, a second sample of 461 participants and a third sample of 107 participants; making a total of 768 Peruvian university students. Other instruments were applied together with the EROS scale in order to measure satisfaction with life, anxiety, stress and depression. Regarding the results, in the initial sample it was found that the original scale containing positive and negative items does adequately fit the data (RMSEA = .19; CFI = .77; TLI = .71) and also evidence was found supporting the existence of a methodological effect associated with the negative items. It was also found that versi...

The objective of the study was to determine if sex plays a moderating role in the relationship between executive functions and academic procrastination in 106 university students of both genders (28.3% male and 71.7% female) between the ages of 18 and 30 years (M = 19.7; SD = 2.7). The Academic Procrastination Scale and the Neuropsychological Battery of Executive Functions and Frontal Lobes (BANFE-2) were used to measure the variables. The results of the study showed that the degree of prediction of the tasks linked to the orbitomedial cortex (involves the orbitofrontal cortex [OFC] and the medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC]) on academic procrastination is significantly moderated by the sex of the university students (β3 = 0.53; p < 0.01). For men, the estimated effect of the tasks linked to the orbitomedial cortex on the degree of academic procrastination is -0.81. For women, the estimate...

The objective of the study was to determine if sex plays a moderating role in the relationship between executive functions and academic procrastination in 106 university students of both genders (28.3% male and 71.7% female) between the ages of 18 and 30 years (M = 19.7; SD = 2.7). The Academic Procrastination Scale and the Neuropsychological Battery of Executive Functions and Frontal Lobes (BANFE-2) were used to measure the variables. The results of the study showed that the degree of prediction of the tasks linked to the orbitomedial cortex (involves the orbitofrontal cortex [OFC] and the medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC]) on academic procrastination is significantly moderated by the sex of the university students (β3 = 0.53; p < 0.01). For men, the estimated effect of the tasks linked to the orbitomedial cortex on the degree of academic procrastination is -0.81. For women, the estimate...

“Introduction. The objective was to evaluate the factor structure and propose a new version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale with only positive items to overcome the method effect associated with negative items. Method. A version A (positive and negative items) and a version B (only positive items) were considered. A sample of 350 university students was collected for each version. Results. The CFA shows that version A's one-dimensional model (A1) does not present adequate fit indices. It was also found that adding a specific factor for negative items (model A2) and another factor for positive items (model A3) does not improve the fit indices. A twodimensional model (A4 model) does not improve the fit indices either. Regarding the onedimensional model of version B, it presents a superior fit compared to the original model (model A1) Discussion and Conclusions. It is concluded that ve...

“Introducción. El objetivo fue evaluar la estructura factorial y proponer una nueva versión de la Escala de autoestima de Rosenberg de solo ítems positivos para superar el efecto de método asociado a los ítems negativos. Método. Se planteó una versión A (ítems positivos y negativos) y una versión B (solo ítems positivos). Se recolectó una muestra de 350 universitarios para cada versión. Resultados. El AFC evidencia que el modelo unidimensional (A1) de la versión A, no presentan adecuados índices de ajuste. También se encontró que añadir un factor específico para ítems negativos (modelo A2) y otro factor para ítems positivos (modelo A3) no mejora los índices de ajuste. Un modelo bidimensional (modelo A4), tampoco mejorar los índices de ajuste. Respecto al modelo unidimensional de la versión B, este presenta un ajuste superior frente al modelo original (modelo A1)...

“Background Positive relationships are one of the most important components within the PERMA model since they facilitate the development of the other components. However, in the scientific literature, few instruments have been identified with solid psychometric properties that measure positive relationships in university students and adequately represent the construct. Therefore, the study aims to develop and study the psychometric properties of the PRI+19 positive relationships scale through Confirmatory Factor Analysis, factorial invariance, and relationshipbased validity with other variables. Method A pilot sample of 201 university students (43.8% men and 56.2 women) between the ages of 18 and 34 (M=20.9; SD=2.74) was collected. The confirmatory sample consisted of 450 university students of both sexes (30.2% men and 69.8 women) between the ages of 18 and 35 years (M=21.9; SD=3.15)....

“Currently, social anomie is a public health problem worldwide since people show behavior that does not conform to the newly established norms. Faced with this, the aim of the study was to develop and validate the psychometric properties of a short scale to assess social anomie in a sample of 406 adults (48% male and 52% female) between the ages of 18 and 62. Validity was evaluated based on internal structure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability through the internal consistency method with the hierarchical omega coefficient. The results indicate that a bi-factor model presents better indexes of adjustment to the data (χ2=62.86; df=25; p=.000; RMSEA=.061 [IC90% .042-.080]; SRMR=.024; CFI=.99; TLI=.99). Furthermore, the bi-factor model presents adequate levels of reliability for the general factor (ωH=.70) and for the affective (ωhs=.32) and behavior (ωhs=.41) d...

“Background Positive relationships are one of the most important components within the PERMA model since they facilitate the development of the other components. However, in the scientific literature, few instruments have been identified with solid psychometric properties that measure positive relationships in university students and adequately represent the construct. Therefore, the study aims to develop and study the psychometric properties of the PRI+19 positive relationships scale through Confirmatory Factor Analysis, factorial invariance, and relationshipbased validity with other variables. Method A pilot sample of 201 university students (43.8% men and 56.2 women) between the ages of 18 and 34 (M=20.9; SD=2.74) was collected. The confirmatory sample consisted of 450 university students of both sexes (30.2% men and 69.8 women) between the ages of 18 and 35 years (M=21.9; SD=3.15)....

“Currently, social anomie is a public health problem worldwide since people show behavior that does not conform to the newly established norms. Faced with this, the aim of the study was to develop and validate the psychometric properties of a short scale to assess social anomie in a sample of 406 adults (48% male and 52% female) between the ages of 18 and 62. Validity was evaluated based on internal structure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability through the internal consistency method with the hierarchical omega coefficient. The results indicate that a bi-factor model presents better indexes of adjustment to the data (χ2=62.86; df=25; p=.000; RMSEA=.061 [IC90% .042-.080]; SRMR=.024; CFI=.99; TLI=.99). Furthermore, the bi-factor model presents adequate levels of reliability for the general factor (ωH=.70) and for the affective (ωhs=.32) and behavior (ωhs=.41) d...

“Reliable and valid assessment instruments that can be applied briefly and easily in clinical and outpatient settings that provide information about the sources of reinforcement that the patient finds in his life are especially relevant in therapy. The study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Environmental Reward Observation Scale (EROS-R) in a sample of psychiatric patients. A sample of 228 psychiatric patients of both sexes (56.1% men and 43.9% women) aged between 18 and 70 years was selected. Along with the EROS-R, other instruments were administered to assess depression and anxiety. The results show that the scale fits a unidimensional model, presenting adequate fit indices (RMSEA = 0.077 (IC 90% 0.055–0.100); SRMR = 0.048; CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.98). It was also shown that the degree of reward provided by the environment (EROS-R) correlates negatively with the lev...

“Introducción. El objetivo fue evaluar la estructura factorial y proponer una nueva versión de la Escala de autoestima de Rosenberg de solo ítems positivos para superar el efecto de método asociado a los ítems negativos. Método. Se planteó una versión A (ítems positivos y negativos) y una versión B (solo ítems positivos). Se recolectó una muestra de 350 universitarios para cada versión. Resultados. El AFC evidencia que el modelo unidimensional (A1) de la versión A, no presentan adecuados índices de ajuste. También se encontró que añadir un factor específico para ítems negativos (modelo A2) y otro factor para ítems positivos (modelo A3) no mejora los índices de ajuste. Un modelo bidimensional (modelo A4), tampoco mejorar los índices de ajuste. Respecto al modelo unidimensional de la versión B, este presenta un ajuste superior frente al modelo original (modelo A1)...

“Reliable and valid assessment instruments that can be applied briefly and easily in clinical and outpatient settings that provide information about the sources of reinforcement that the patient finds in his life are especially relevant in therapy. The study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Environmental Reward Observation Scale (EROS-R) in a sample of psychiatric patients. A sample of 228 psychiatric patients of both sexes (56.1% men and 43.9% women) aged between 18 and 70 years was selected. Along with the EROS-R, other instruments were administered to assess depression and anxiety. The results show that the scale fits a unidimensional model, presenting adequate fit indices (RMSEA = 0.077 (IC 90% 0.055–0.100); SRMR = 0.048; CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.98). It was also shown that the degree of reward provided by the environment (EROS-R) correlates negatively with the lev...

Los encargados de formular políticas de salud pública deben neutralizar las creencias erróneas basadas en información engañosa a través de la educación basada en evidencia sobre la seguridad y la eficacia de las vacunas. Se debe enfatizar la transparencia del gobierno y proporcionar corrección fáctica para las noticias falsas difundidas a través de las redes sociales. Además, los hallazgos de la ciencia sobre la COVID-19 deben transmitirse de manera más receptiva e inductora de emociones, con un lenguaje sencillo, fácil de entender y comprensible. Los resultados permiten tener conocimiento preliminar para identificar la cantidad de personas que corren el riesgo de creer en conspiraciones sobre las vacunas, prevenir el desarrollo de nuevas creencias de conspiración y disipar las creencias existentes para promover estrategias de intervención frente a la COVID-19.

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Background and objective The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) is an instrument that measures the severity of anxiety due to COVID-19 or coronaphobia. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults are the most vulnerable age group; therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the CAS in this group. Materials and method 274 Peruvian older adults participated (Mage = 67.86; SD = 6.34, 64.6% women). In addition to the CAS, the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), and 2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2) were applied. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to assess the factor structure of the CAS and Item Response Theory was used to analyze item characteristics. A sequence of hierarchical variance models was used to evaluate the measurement invariance of the CAS according to age. To assess reliability, Cronbach's alpha coeffi...

The presence of a significant number of people who do not intend to be vaccinated could negatively impact efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study sought to determine the prevalence of intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and associated sociodemographic and psychosocial factors in thirteen countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). A total of 5510 people from 13 LAC countries participated. Frequencies, percentages, bivariate analyses using chi-square tests, and Poisson regression analysis with robust variance were used. The countries with the highest prevalence of intention to be vaccinated were Bra-zil (96.94%), Cuba (89.59%), Chile (84.59%), and Mexico (78.33%). On the other hand, the countries with the lowest prevalence were El Salvador (54.01%), Paraguay (55.87%), and Uruguay (56.40%). Prevalence is also reported according to some sociodemograph...

“Background: The study of the meaning of life is essential since it plays a protective role in the mental health of university students. However, no studies have shown the adequate psychometric functioning of the MLQ in Latin American university students. For this reason, this research aims to evaluate the internal structure using CTT models, obtain evidence of validity based on the relationship with other variables, perform factorial invariance according to gender, and estimate the reliability of the MLQ. Methods: A sample of 581 Peruvian undergraduate students of both sexes (29.5% men and 70.5% women) between the ages of 18 and 35 (M=22.6; SD=3.3) was collected. Along with the MLQ, other instruments were applied to measure satisfaction with life (SWLS), subjective well-being (WBI), and depression (PHQ-9). Results: In the present study was evidenced that the model of two related facto...

“Background: The study of the meaning of life is essential since it plays a protective role in the mental health of university students. However, no studies have shown the adequate psychometric functioning of the MLQ in Latin American university students. For this reason, this research aims to evaluate the internal structure using CTT models, obtain evidence of validity based on the relationship with other variables, perform factorial invariance according to gender, and estimate the reliability of the MLQ. Methods: A sample of 581 Peruvian undergraduate students of both sexes (29.5% men and 70.5% women) between the ages of 18 and 35 (M=22.6; SD=3.3) was collected. Along with the MLQ, other instruments were applied to measure satisfaction with life (SWLS), subjective well-being (WBI), and depression (PHQ-9). Results: In the present study was evidenced that the model of two related facto...