Influenza pandemics are related to the viral flow of wild and migratory birds, passing to pigs and poultry (intermediate hosts), which would end up infecting humans. Process management through Good Farming Practices for animal production and Animal Welfare should be important preventive measures to avoid this contagion. In coronaviruses and Ebola there are ancestral hosts (such as bats) and intermediate hosts (such as Civettictis civetta or Paradoxurus hermaphroditus for SARS-CoV-1, dromedaries for MERS-CoV, and snakes and Manis javanica for SARS-CoV-2). In its natural state the inter-specie jump would take much longer to occur; however, the existence of wet markets, where animals are traded, would have allowed viruses to find a new host in humans. In addition to pneumonia, the invasion of SARS-CoV-2 produces temporary discomfort, such as diarrhea, due to the abundance of the ACE-2 recep...

Influenza pandemics are related to the viral flow of wild and migratory birds, passing to pigs and poultry (intermediate hosts), which would end up infecting humans. Process management through Good Farming Practices for animal production and Animal Welfare should be important preventive measures to avoid this contagion. In coronaviruses and Ebola there are ancestral hosts (such as bats) and intermediate hosts (such as Civettictis civetta or Paradoxurus hermaphroditus for SARS-CoV-1, dromedaries for MERS-CoV, and snakes and Manis javanica for SARS-CoV-2). In its natural state the inter-specie jump would take much longer to occur; however, the existence of wet markets, where animals are traded, would have allowed viruses to find a new host in humans. In addition to pneumonia, the invasion of SARS-CoV-2 produces temporary discomfort, such as diarrhea, due to the abundance of the ACE-2 recep...

In Peru, only 1 % of food processing companies located in Metropolitan Lima have obtained a technical validation for their HACCP plan. The low adherence to safety systems raises the goal of identifying the main barriers and difficulties for the implementation of the HACCP system. Data was collected by sending a questionnaire to 32 companies. In order to define the underlying structure of the barriers and difficulties identified we performed an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) based on a selection of nineteen (19) items, identifying four new factors that account for 66,7 % of the overall variability. After assessing their relevance, it was found that barriers and difficulties at the organizational/managerial level (F1) and in adaptation (F4), such as infrastructure and employee’s perception, were more relevant than attributes involving execution (...

In Peru, only 1 % of food processing companies located in Metropolitan Lima have obtained a technical validation for their HACCP plan. The low adherence to safety systems raises the goal of identifying the main barriers and difficulties for the implementation of the HACCP system. Data was collected by sending a questionnaire to 32 companies. In order to define the underlying structure of the barriers and difficulties identified we performed an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) based on a selection of nineteen (19) items, identifying four new factors that account for 66,7 % of the overall variability. After assessing their relevance, it was found that barriers and difficulties at the organizational/managerial level (F1) and in adaptation (F4), such as infrastructure and employee’s perception, were more relevant than attributes involving execution (...

The objective of this study was to optimize the formulation of low-fat cabanossiusing the Mix Design method (D-Optimal) from 16 cabanossi formulationscomposed of Lama glama meat (60-80%), pork fat (10-20%) and cookedpotato pulp (10-20%). The response variables were: a texture profile analysis(cohesiveness, chewiness, hardness, gumminess and springiness), chroma(C*), moisture, yield, water activity and pH. For the optimization stage, it wasconsidered minimizing the pork fat, maintaining the hardness and humidity assimilar as to those in a commercial cabanossi. The mixture design analysis setup the formulation with 72.41% of llama meat, 10.78% pork fat and 16.81%cooked potato pulp as the optimum, with 0.84 of desirability. This formulationwas validated through the experimental process and contrasted by the t-Studenttest. It confirmed the effectiveness in the prediction of the mathematical ...

Esta investigación plantea una metodología para detectar y cuantificar en tiempo real la presencia de Salmonella sp. en carne de llama (Llama glama) empleando qPCR, el método se validó a través del recuento en placa. El método consistió en detectar la presencia o ausencia de Salmonella sp. en muestras de carnes de llama, los resultados positivos se identificaron mediante el sistema bioquímico acelerado RapID ONE, finalmente los resultados de la identificación se confirmaron por medio de la PCR en tiempo real, empleando un cebador delantero e inverso del gen invA, al igual que una sonda fluorescente anclada a un fragmento del gen invA. Finalmente, se cuantificaron 17 muestras de carne de llama, resultando que el 53,13% de las muestras estaba contaminado por Salmonella sp.

The objective of this study was to optimize the formulation of low-fat cabanossiusing the Mix Design method (D-Optimal) from 16 cabanossi formulationscomposed of Lama glama meat (60-80%), pork fat (10-20%) and cookedpotato pulp (10-20%). The response variables were: a texture profile analysis(cohesiveness, chewiness, hardness, gumminess and springiness), chroma(C*), moisture, yield, water activity and pH. For the optimization stage, it wasconsidered minimizing the pork fat, maintaining the hardness and humidity assimilar as to those in a commercial cabanossi. The mixture design analysis setup the formulation with 72.41% of llama meat, 10.78% pork fat and 16.81%cooked potato pulp as the optimum, with 0.84 of desirability. This formulationwas validated through the experimental process and contrasted by the t-Studenttest. It confirmed the effectiveness in the prediction of the mathematical ...

The objective of this study was to optimize the formulation of low-fat cabanossiusing the Mix Design method (D-Optimal) from 16 cabanossi formulationscomposed of Lama glama meat (60-80%), pork fat (10-20%) and cookedpotato pulp (10-20%). The response variables were: a texture profile analysis(cohesiveness, chewiness, hardness, gumminess and springiness), chroma(C*), moisture, yield, water activity and pH. For the optimization stage, it wasconsidered minimizing the pork fat, maintaining the hardness and humidity assimilar as to those in a commercial cabanossi. The mixture design analysis setup the formulation with 72.41% of llama meat, 10.78% pork fat and 16.81%cooked potato pulp as the optimum, with 0.84 of desirability. This formulationwas validated through the experimental process and contrasted by the t-Studenttest. It confirmed the effectiveness in the prediction of the mathematical ...

The objective of this study was to optimize the formulation of low-fat cabanossiusing the Mix Design method (D-Optimal) from 16 cabanossi formulationscomposed of Lama glama meat (60-80%), pork fat (10-20%) and cookedpotato pulp (10-20%). The response variables were: a texture profile analysis(cohesiveness, chewiness, hardness, gumminess and springiness), chroma(C*), moisture, yield, water activity and pH. For the optimization stage, it wasconsidered minimizing the pork fat, maintaining the hardness and humidity assimilar as to those in a commercial cabanossi. The mixture design analysis setup the formulation with 72.41% of llama meat, 10.78% pork fat and 16.81%cooked potato pulp as the optimum, with 0.84 of desirability. This formulationwas validated through the experimental process and contrasted by the t-Studenttest. It confirmed the effectiveness in the prediction of the mathematical ...

Esta investigación plantea una metodología para detectar y cuantificar en tiempo real la presencia de Salmonella sp. en carne de llama (Llama glama) empleando qPCR, el método se validó a través del recuento en placa. El método consistió en detectar la presencia o ausencia de Salmonella sp. en muestras de carnes de llama, los resultados positivos se identificaron mediante el sistema bioquímico acelerado RapID ONE, finalmente los resultados de la identificación se confirmaron por medio de la PCR en tiempo real, empleando un cebador delantero e inverso del gen invA, al igual que una sonda fluorescente anclada a un fragmento del gen invA. Finalmente, se cuantificaron 17 muestras de carne de llama, resultando que el 53,13% de las muestras estaba contaminado por Salmonella sp.

En el presente estudio se evaluó la eficacia del uso de una enzima (hemicelulasa al 2%, materia prima:agua de 3:1 y tiempo de hidrólisis de 24 horas) para incrementar el rendimiento de la extracción del aceite de moringa con prensa-expeller y  los cambios en las características fisicoquímicas y antioxidantes del aceite. Se obtuvo un mayor rendimiento en la extracción del aceite de moringa realizada con previo tratamiento enzimático y se encontró diferencias significativas en el índice de peróxido y grado de acidez en la caracterización fisicoquímica del aceite. Se determinó que el ácido oleico se encuentra en mayor proporción en el aceite de moringa (72%) y se encontró elevadas concentraciones de tocoferoles, siendo el α-tocoferol el isómero mayoritario (aproximadamente un 80% del total). Además, se determinó que el aceite de moringa extraído con previo tratamiento ...

En el presente estudio se evaluó la eficacia del uso de una enzima (hemicelulasa al 2%, materia prima:agua de 3:1 y tiempo de hidrólisis de 24 horas) para incrementar el rendimiento de la extracción del aceite de moringa con prensa-expeller y  los cambios en las características fisicoquímicas y antioxidantes del aceite. Se obtuvo un mayor rendimiento en la extracción del aceite de moringa realizada con previo tratamiento enzimático y se encontró diferencias significativas en el índice de peróxido y grado de acidez en la caracterización fisicoquímica del aceite. Se determinó que el ácido oleico se encuentra en mayor proporción en el aceite de moringa (72%) y se encontró elevadas concentraciones de tocoferoles, siendo el α-tocoferol el isómero mayoritario (aproximadamente un 80% del total). Además, se determinó que el aceite de moringa extraído con previo tratamiento ...

La pandemia del Covid-19 nos ha hecho repensar en la forma como vivimos y el cómo debemos de adaptarnos adecuadamente ante las nuevas circunstancias. Las nuevas exigencias para evitar contagiarse con esta enfermedad han permitido que las condiciones higiénico- sanitarias mejoren, tanto en los hogares, como en los establecimientos en donde se elaboran alimentos y bebidas. Condiciones básicas como el lavarse adecuadamente las manos, el lavar y desinfectar los alimentos (cuando sea posible), la limpieza y desinfección de las instalaciones o los hogares, el proteger y conservar los alimentos, y por supuesto el evitar la contaminación cruzada, al día de hoy se han reforzado. Debido al contexto en que vivimos, al distanciamiento social establecido por el gobierno peruano con el fin de minimizar los contagios a nivel nacional, y con el fin de seguir brindando información actualizada sobr...

Food development involves the usage of rapid sensory tools that allows for exploring consumer perceptions. The ideal sensory profile of cabanossi with llama meat from three feeding systems (with natural hay, alfalfa and with vitamins) through the CATA method was determined in comparison with two commercial samples. Moisture, pH, water activity, color and texture were evaluated. Moisture and external and internal color were similar between llama cabanossi but different from commercial ones. The mechanical parameters (hardness and chewiness) were superior from the llama cabanossi samples. Eighty (80) consumers with an ideal profile based on CATA questions found significant differences in all of the used descriptors. The indispensable sensory attributes for their acceptability were: salty, characteristic smell/ sausage and chewiness. With regards to the penalty analysis, the positive attrib...

Purple corn (Zea mays L.) is a superfood native to Peru, highly regarded for its functional properties and commonly used in the preparation of traditional beverages and desserts, such as chicha morada and mazamorra morada. Following processing, the corn cobs remaining as a byproduct retain significant amounts of bioactive compounds with potential for utilization. This study proposes their use as a primary component in the production of teas. To ensure product safety, the moisture content, total ash, and counts of enterobacteria and aflatoxins in the raw materials were first evaluated. Fourteen formulations were developed, varying in the proportions of corn cobs, quince, stevia, cinnamon, and cloves, as well as extraction times (5 and 10 minutes at 100 °C) with hot water. Two rapid sensory evaluation methods using consumer panels were applied sequentially: Flash Profile (FP) and Check-...