Fecal samples for the identification of helminthes were collected from three species of snakes (Boa contrictor “boa” or “mantona”, Epicrates cenchria “mantona roja” or “arco iris”, Corallus caninus “boa verde” or “boa esmeralda”) reared in captivity. The identified parasites, either through eggs or larva were: Kalicephalus sp., Ophiotaenia sp., Rhabdias sp., Ophidascaris sp., and Hymenolepis diminuta. The results indicated that 79% of adult female Boa constrictor and 46% of their offspring, 71% of E. cenchria and 70% of C. caninus were positive, either to single or multiple infections. These data showed that boas reared in captivity were highly parasitized with intestinal and pulmonary helminthes.

La calidad nutricional de caimán blanco (Caiman crocodilus crocodilus), taricaya (Podocnemis unifilis), carachupa (Dasypus novemcinctus) y Churo (Pomacea maculata) la carne se evaluó mediante el análisis de la composición mineral y químico. Los animales fueron comprados en el mercado de Belen en Iquitos. Los resultados de las especies son: cocodrilo blanco: humedad 74.34%, 25.67% materia seca, proteína 22.54%, extracto etéreo 0.85% y cenizas 1.07%; taricaya: humedad 76.58%, materia seca 23.43%, proteínas 20.52%, extracto etéreo 0.62% y cenizas 1.13%; carachupa: humedad 74.45%, materia seca 25.55%, proteína 22.86%, extracto etéreo 0.56% y cenizas 1.24%; Churo: humedad 74.67%, materia seca 25.33%, proteínas 16.21%, extracto etéreo 0.56% y cenizas l.83%. El calcio y el fósforo (mg/100 g) fue de: caimán blanco 3.411, 179.61; taricaya 11.50, 173.05; carachupa 10.44, 196.26 y 63...

Diarrhea is the most common sign of gastrointestinal disease in young primates kept in captivity. The study aimed to isolate and identify bacterial species present in young Aotus with diarrhoea. The animals were reared in captivity for experimental purposes. Faecal samples were collected using rectal swabs from 78 monkeys of 1 to 7 months old of A. nancymae (n=65) and A. vociferans (n=13) with diarrhoea, and 29 apparently healthy monkeys of 1 month old of A. nancymae (n=21) and A. vociferans (n=8) in the period 2002 to 2005. In the healthy group was most commonly identified E. coli, followed by Proteus vulgaris, P. mirabilis and Citrobacter freundii. A similar result was obtained in the group with diarrhea, plus Klebsiella oxytoca and Enterobacter aerogenes. Serotypes of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) identified in the group with diarrhea were seven: O158, O142, O86, O125, O126, O55, an...

Los boideos pertenecen a la familia Boidae, cuyos representantes más conocidos son las boas y los pitones. Estos reptiles no son venenosos, pero sí peligrosos por la cantidad de dientes que poseen y por su hábito constrictor. Las especies Boa constrictor (“Boa” o “Mantona”), Epicrates cenchria (“Mantona roja”o “Arco iris”) y Corallus caninus (“Boa verde” o “Boa esmeralda”) se crían en cautiverio con fines comerciales, orientadas a un mercado para mascotas. La zoocría de boideos es una actividad poco desarrollada en el país por lo que se conoce poco acerca de su estado sanitario; aunque los parásitos, principalmente intestinales, son reportados como casuística de mortalidad y morbilidad.

La calidad nutricional de caimán blanco (Caiman crocodilus crocodilus), taricaya (Podocnemis unifilis), carachupa (Dasypus novemcinctus) y Churo (Pomacea maculata) la carne se evaluó mediante el análisis de la composición mineral y químico. Los animales fueron comprados en el mercado de Belen en Iquitos. Los resultados de las especies son: cocodrilo blanco: humedad 74.34%, 25.67% materia seca, proteína 22.54%, extracto etéreo 0.85% y cenizas 1.07%; taricaya: humedad 76.58%, materia seca 23.43%, proteínas 20.52%, extracto etéreo 0.62% y cenizas 1.13%; carachupa: humedad 74.45%, materia seca 25.55%, proteína 22.86%, extracto etéreo 0.56% y cenizas 1.24%; Churo: humedad 74.67%, materia seca 25.33%, proteínas 16.21%, extracto etéreo 0.56% y cenizas l.83%. El calcio y el fósforo (mg/100 g) fue de: caimán blanco 3.411, 179.61; taricaya 11.50, 173.05; carachupa 10.44, 196.26 y 63...

Diarrhea is the most common sign of gastrointestinal disease in young primates kept in captivity. The study aimed to isolate and identify bacterial species present in young Aotus with diarrhoea. The animals were reared in captivity for experimental purposes. Faecal samples were collected using rectal swabs from 78 monkeys of 1 to 7 months old of A. nancymae (n=65) and A. vociferans (n=13) with diarrhoea, and 29 apparently healthy monkeys of 1 month old of A. nancymae (n=21) and A. vociferans (n=8) in the period 2002 to 2005. In the healthy group was most commonly identified E. coli, followed by Proteus vulgaris, P. mirabilis and Citrobacter freundii. A similar result was obtained in the group with diarrhea, plus Klebsiella oxytoca and Enterobacter aerogenes. Serotypes of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) identified in the group with diarrhea were seven: O158, O142, O86, O125, O126, O55, an...

The objective of the present work was to identify nematodes obtained post mortem from the small intestine of Pithecia monachus bred in captivity in Iquitos, Peru. The identification was made observing the morphology and anatomy of the female specimens of the intestine of the host and of males and females obtained by culture. All specimens were identified as Strongyloides stercoralis. It is concluded that this species is found for the first time in a primate in Peru.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar unos nematodos obtenidos post mortem del intestino delgado de Pithecia monachus criado en cautiverio en Iquitos, Perú. La identificación se hizo observando la morfología y anatomía de los especímenes hembras del intestino del hospedero y de machos y hembras obtenidos por cultivo. Todos los especímenes se identificaron como de Strongyloides stercoralis. Se concluye que esta especie se encuentra por primera vez en un primate en el Perú.

The purpose of the study was to establish reference values for serum urea and creatinine, and for physical and chemical analysis in urine in Saimiri boliviensis. Fifteen females and 15 males raised in captivity at the Centro de Reproducción y Conservación de Primates No Humanos, Iquitos, Peru were used. Mean values of urea and creatinine were 66.7 ± 25.2 and 2.0 ± 0.5 respectively, and without statistical differences between sexes. Mean values forpH was 6.9 ± 0.7 and for specific gravity was 1.021±0.004. Urea and creatinine values were higher to those reported for Aotus nancymae.

The purpose of the study was to establish reference values for serum urea and creatinine, and for physical and chemical analysis in urine in Saimiri boliviensis. Fifteen females and 15 males raised in captivity at the Centro de Reproducción y Conservación de Primates No Humanos, Iquitos, Peru were used. Mean values of urea and creatinine were 66.7 ± 25.2 and 2.0 ± 0.5 respectively, and without statistical differences between sexes. Mean values forpH was 6.9 ± 0.7 and for specific gravity was 1.021±0.004. Urea and creatinine values were higher to those reported for Aotus nancymae.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la incidencia de la infección de Leptospira sp. en ronsocos (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) de un zoocriadero en Iquitos. Se colectó muestras de sangre de 36 ronsocos adultos y juveniles de ambos sexos en tres muestreos con intervalo entre muestreos de dos meses, para la detección de anticuerpos contra 13 serovariedades de Leptospira sp. mediante la técnica de microaglutinación. Anticuerpos leptospirales fueron detectados en 97.2, 100 y 100% en el primer, segundo y tercer muestreo, respectivamente. Las serovariedades georgia, canicola y ballum fueron detectadas en los tres muestreos, pomona y australis en el segundo y tercer muestreo, mientras que tarassovi solo en el tercer muestreo. La serovariedad de mayor frecuencia fue georgia seguida por canicola y ballum. La incidencia acumulada con anticuerpos leptospirales fue 86.0 ± 18.2% (31/36...

The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of Leptospira sp., in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from a zoo farm in Iquitos, Loreto, Peru. Blood samples from 36 young and adults capyrabas, both female and male, were collected in three samplings periods with a 2-month interval for detecting antibodies against 13 serovars of Leptospira sp. by microaglutination test. The 97.2, 100 y 100% of the samples collected during the first, second and third sampling period had antibodies against Leptospira sp. respectively. The serovar georgia, canicola and ballum were detected in the first, second and third sample, pomona and australis in the second and third, and tarassovi only in the third sampling period. The most frequent serovars were georgia, canicola, and ballum. The accumulated incidence of Leptospira sp. infection was 86.0 ± 18.2% (31/36) animals/0.25year. The accumula...

The objective of this study was to establish reference serum values for bilirrubin (total and direct), alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, urea, and creatinine in healthy collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) kept under captivity in the Amazonian jungle of Peru (Loreto, Iquitos). A total of 28 adult animals (14 males and 14 females) were used. Blood samples (7 ml) were collected from the safen vein. Serum values were: Total bilirrubin: 0.7 ± 0.2 mg/dl; direct bilirrubin: 0.2 ± 0.1 mg/dl; ALT: 26.5 ± 9.1 UI/l; AST: 15.9 ± 8.4 UI/l; alkaline phosphatase: 27.5 ± 15.5 UI/l; cholesterol: 94.4 ± 20.2 mg/dl; total protein: 8.5 ± 1.1 g/dl; albumin: 4.4 ± 0.5 g/dl; urea: 58.1 ± 11.1 mg/dl; and creatinine: 2.2 ± 0.5 mg/dl. It was concluded that serum values were similar to other results reported in the...

The objective of the study was to obtain hematological referential values forGeochelone denticulata tortoise. Blood samples of 44 tortoises, maintained in captivityin Iquitos city, Peru, were collected by puncture of the subcarapacial vein. Bloodparameters under evaluation were red blood cell number (RBC), white blood cell number(WBC), hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin (Hb), differential leukocyte counts and erythrocyteindexes. Cloacal temperature and body weight were used as a reference for health status.The average values were: RBC 0.44 x 106mL, WBC 7.82 x 103mL, Ht 20.3%, Hb 7.0 g/dl,MCV 502.7 fl, MCH 171.4 pg, MCHC 34.1 g/dl. Leukocyte differential counts were:Heterophils 55.6%, Lymphocytes 25.5%, Eosinophils 15.8%, Basophils 1.5%, Monocytes0.4%, Azurophils 1.2%. Results were similar to values reported for the species.

The objective of the present study was to determine the presence of Trypanosoma sp. in collared peccaries reared in captivity in Iquitos and Moyobamba area. Blood samples were collected from 40 animals from 3 months to 2 years of age. Samples were processed by the microcapillary or Woo technique and the blood smear. None of the samples resulted positive to Trypanosoma sp., and probably the low sensitivity of the techniques affected the results. The Monte Carlo risk analysis (@Risk) indicated that the probability to obtain an infected animal in the Moyobamba and Iquitos area was 0.02% and that 95% of the samples were within an interval of 0.006 a 0.854%.

El estudio tuvo por objetivo obtener valores hematológicos de referencia de la tortuga motelo (Geochelone denticulata). Se utilizaron 44 individuos mantenidos en cautiverio en la ciudad de Iquitos-Perú. Se colectó la sangre por punción de la vena subcarapacial y se determinó recuento de glóbulos rojos (RGR), recuento de glóbulos blancos (RGB), hematocrito (Ht), hemoglobina (Hb), recuento diferencial de leucocitos e índices eritrocíticos. La temperatura cloacal y el peso corporal se emplearon como referencia del estado de salud. Los valores promedio fueron: RGR 0.44 x 106μL, RGB 7.82 x 103μL, Ht 20.3%, Hb 7.0 g/dl, VCM 502.7 fl, HCM 171.4 pg, CHCM 34.1 g/dl. El recuento diferencial de leucocitos fue: Heterófilos 55.6%, Linfocitos 25.5%, Eosinófilos 15.8%, Basófilos 1.5%, Monocitos 0.4%, Azurófilos 1.2%. Los resultados coinciden con los intervalos de referencia documentados ...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la presencia de Trypanosoma sp. en sajinos en cautiverio de las zonas de Iquitos y Moyobamba. Se colectó muestras de sangre de 40 sajinos procedentes de tres zoocriaderos con edades entre 3 meses y 2 años. Las muestras se procesaron con las técnicas de microcapilar o técnica de Woo y del frotis sanguíneo delgado. No se halló la presencia de Trypanosoma sp. en las muestras examinadas, y, posiblemente, la baja sensibilidad de las técnicas afectó los resultados. La técnica de evaluación de riesgo por simulación Monte Carlo (programa @Risk) indicó que el 95% de las observaciones analizadas se encontraron en un intervalo de 0.006 a 0.854% y que la probabilidad de encontrar la infección real en sajinos provenientes de Iquitos y Moyobamba se encuentra en un rango promedio de infección de 0.02%.

The objective of this study was to establish reference serum values for bilirrubin (total and direct), alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, urea, and creatinine in healthy collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) kept under captivity in the Amazonian jungle of Peru (Loreto, Iquitos). A total of 28 adult animals (14 males and 14 females) were used. Blood samples (7 ml) were collected from the safen vein. Serum values were: Total bilirrubin: 0.7 ± 0.2 mg/dl; direct bilirrubin: 0.2 ± 0.1 mg/dl; ALT: 26.5 ± 9.1 UI/l; AST: 15.9 ± 8.4 UI/l; alkaline phosphatase: 27.5 ± 15.5 UI/l; cholesterol: 94.4 ± 20.2 mg/dl; total protein: 8.5 ± 1.1 g/dl; albumin: 4.4 ± 0.5 g/dl; urea: 58.1 ± 11.1 mg/dl; and creatinine: 2.2 ± 0.5 mg/dl. It was concluded that serum values were similar to other results reported in the...

Neosporosis is an important parasitic disease that causes reproductive problems as abortion and neonatal mortality in diary cattle. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of antibodies against Neospora caninum in water buffaloes reared in five farms located in Jenaro Herrera district, Loreto, Peru in 2008. Blood samples were collected from 83 female dairy buffalo older than 2 years. Serum samples were tested by indirect ELISA and immunnefluorescent antibody test (IFAT). None of sera presented antibodies against N. caninum to the dilution 1:25 and 1:100 using indirect ELISA or to the dilution 1:100 by IFAT. The results suggest a low exposition of water buffaloes to N. caninum in the studied area.

La neosporosis es una parasitosis de importancia en el sector ganadero por ser causante de abortos y mortalidad neonatal. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la presencia de anticuerpos contra Neospora caninum en búfalos de agua procedentes de cinco centros de crianza ubicados en el distrito Jenaro Herrera, departamento de Loreto, Perú, en el año 2008. Se evaluaron 83 muestras de suero, obtenidas de búfalas en edad productiva, criadas para la producción de leche. Las muestras se evaluaron por ELISA indirecto e inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI). No se halló evidencia de anticuerpos contra N. caninum a las diluciones 1:25 y 1:100 utilizando ELISA indirecto, así como a la dilución 1:100 con IFI. Los resultados sugieren una baja o nula exposición de los búfalos de agua al parásito en la zona estudiada.