With a macroeconomic context favored by a GDP growth of 5%, growth in investment and exports, it has been seen that the improvement in access to education, the growth in road infrastructure with greater intensity as of 2010. The action of the social actors of the state resulted in an increase in income and real spending per capita of households, with the final consequence of poverty reduction in rural areas. The gross agricultural product as an indicator of economic activity in the rural area has had an increasing behavior based on the greater area harvested, the increase in agricultural labor supply and, to a lesser degree, the importation of capital goods. The measurement of the impact in a transversal way has been made from the evaluation of the Juntos program for the years 2012 - 2013 from a panel sample. It was concluded that the program has improved the life level of the rural popu...

With a macroeconomic context favored by a GDP growth of 5%, growth in investment and exports, it has been seen that the improvement in access to education, the growth in road infrastructure with greater intensity as of 2010. The action of the social actors of the state resulted in an increase in income and real spending per capita of households, with the final consequence of poverty reduction in rural areas. The gross agricultural product as an indicator of economic activity in the rural area has had an increasing behavior based on the greater area harvested, the increase in agricultural labor supply and, to a lesser degree, the importation of capital goods. The measurement of the impact in a transversal way has been made from the evaluation of the Juntos program for the years 2012 - 2013 from a panel sample. It was concluded that the program has improved the life level of the rural popu...

Objectives: To evaluate the hepatoprotector effect of hydroalcoholic extract atomized of Zea mays against hepatic injuries induced in rats. Design: Experimental. Institution: Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Human Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biological material: Hydroethanolic extract atomized of purple corn (EAM). Interventions: To six groups of male rats (n = 10, for each group) phenobarbital 0.5 g/L in drinkable water ad libitum was administered for 15 days, followed by carbon tetrachloride 0.2 mL/kg p.o. The experimental design was a follow: G1: normal; G2: CCl4 0.2 mL/kg (T); G3:T+ silimarina 25 mg/kg; G4: T+ EAM 500 mg/kg; G5: T + EAM 1 000 mg/kg; G6 T + EAM 2 000 mg/kg. Main outcome measures: Hepatic profile, reactive species to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), liver index, and histological observation. Results: Significant increa...

Se realizó un estudio en pacientes sometidos a cirugía programada (planeada) en el Hospital de Apoyo de Palpa, en el periodo de Enero 2004 a Diciembre 2008. Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de información preoperatoria real que recibió el paciente, y su repercusión en la relación médico - paciente - familia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo basado en datos de las historias clínicas y ampliadas con dos entrevistas personales. La muestra incluye 100 pacientes. En la entrevista 1, solo se considera la información tal como la recibió. En la No 2, se plantean preguntas cerradas sobre complicaciones posoperatorias que debió recibir. Resultados: El personal informante fue el cirujano (100%). Omitió información (100%) respecto a las complicaciones inmediatas, mediatas o tardías. No se emplearon (100%) medios auxiliares para mejorarla. El cirujano dedicó po...

OBJETIVOS. Evaluar el efecto protector del extracto hidroalcohólico atomizado de Zea mays variedad morado sobre lesiones hepáticas inducidas en ratas. Materiales y Métodos. Se utilizó 1 modelo experimental, siendo el agente inductor el tetracloruro de carbono administrado por vía oral. Para modelo además del CCl4 se adiciono fenobarbital por 15 días vía oral, se utilizó sesenta ratas Holtzman divididos aleatoriamente en 6 grupos de 10 animales, uno sin lesión hepática (control negativo); los otros grupos fueron sometidos a inducción de lesión hepática por CCl4 0.2 mL/kg por 15 días, se consideró un grupo control positivo con suero fisiológico 2mL/kg, 3 grupos con maíz morado a 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg respectivamente y el último con silimarina 25mg/kg. Se evaluó la evolución clínica, perfil hepático, peso corporal y la observación histológica del hígado para determ...

Background: Currently, gastric cancer (GC) is considered a public health problem worldwide. Using medicinal plants for the prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer constitutes new alternatives in traditional medicine. Oenothera rosea (OR) could be an option, but it needs to be evaluated. Aim: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of OR extract on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced GC in rats. Methods: In total, 80 male Holtzman rats were randomized into five groups. Group A received the saline solution (5mL/kg), group B received NMU 500 μg/kg (cancer inductor) by oral administration for 16 weeks, and groups C, D, and E were treated with OR extract (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg, respectively) and NMU in order to evaluate the preventive effect on cancer induced by NMU for 16 weeks. Blood and histological samples of stomachs were collected to determine hi...

Objective: To determine the ameliorative effect of the ethanolic extract of Chuquiraga spinosa (ChS) on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in rats. Methods: 36 female Holztman rats were divided into 6 groups. I) The negative control group received physiological saline (PS). II) ChS-200 group received 200 mg/kg of ChS. III) DMBA group was induced with DMBA (20 mg/Kg) dissolved in PS and administrated orally for 15 weeks. IV) DMBA + ChS-50 group, V) DMBA + ChS-250 group, and VI) DMBA + ChS-500 group, which received the extract orally for 15 weeks after DMBA induction. All data were expressed as mean and standard deviation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnet test was carried out to compare the mean value of different groups Histopathological analysis was evaluated by using Image J software. Results: Hematology showed that the triglyceride level ...

Objective: To determine the ameliorative effect of the ethanolic extract of Chuquiraga spinosa (ChS) on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in rats. Methods: 36 female Holztman rats were divided into 6 groups. I) The negative control group received physiological saline (PS). II) ChS-200 group received 200 mg/kg of ChS. III) DMBA group was induced with DMBA (20 mg/Kg) dissolved in PS and administrated orally for 15 weeks. IV) DMBA + ChS-50 group, V) DMBA + ChS-250 group, and VI) DMBA + ChS-500 group, which received the extract orally for 15 weeks after DMBA induction. All data were expressed as mean and standard deviation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnet test was carried out to compare the mean value of different groups Histopathological analysis was evaluated by using Image J software. Results: Hematology showed that the triglyceride level ...

This study aimed to determine the impact of age on the fecal microbiota in the genetic nucleus of cattle, with a focus on microbial richness, composition, functional diversity, and correlations with blood parameters. Fecal and blood samples from 21 cattle were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Older cattle exhibited greater bacterial diversity and abundance, with significant changes in alpha diversity indices (p < 0.05). Beta diversity analysis revealed significant variations in microbial composition between age groups and the interaction of age and sex (p < 0.05). Correlations between alpha diversity, community composition, and hematological values highlighted the influence of microbiota on bovine health. Beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae, were more abundant in older cattle, suggesting a role in gut health. Functional diversity analysis indicated tha...

This study evaluated the gut microbiota and meat quality traits in 11 healthy female cattle from the Huaral region of Peru, including 5 Angus, 3 Braunvieh, and 3 F1 Simmental × Braunvieh. All cattle were 18 months old and maintained on a consistent lifelong diet. Meat quality traits, including loin area, fat thickness, muscle depth, and marbling, were assessed in vivo using ultrasonography. Fecal samples were collected for microbiota analysis, and DNA was extracted for 16S and 18S rRNA sequencing to characterize bacterial, fungal, and protist communities. Significant correlations were observed between microbial genera and meat traits: Christensenellaceae R-7 and Alistipes were positively associated with marbling and muscle area, while Rikenellaceae RC9 showed a negative correlation with fat thickness. Among fungi, Candida positively correlated with marbling, while Trichosporon was negat...

This study aimed to determine the impact of age on the fecal microbiota in the genetic nucleus of cattle, with a focus on microbial richness, composition, functional diversity, and correlations with blood parameters. Fecal and blood samples from 21 cattle were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Older cattle exhibited greater bacterial diversity and abundance, with significant changes in alpha diversity indices (p < 0.05). Beta diversity analysis revealed significant variations in microbial composition between age groups and the interaction of age and sex (p < 0.05). Correlations between alpha diversity, community composition, and hematological values highlighted the influence of microbiota on bovine health. Beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae, were more abundant in older cattle, suggesting a role in gut health. Functional diversity analysis indicated tha...

Schinus molle is a medicinal plant used as an anti-inflammatory and for rheumatic pain in the traditional medicine of Peru. On the other hand, Aedes aegypti is the main vector of several tropical diseases and the transmitter of yellow fever, chikungunya, malaria, dengue, and Zika virus. In this study, the aim was to investigate the antioxidant activity in vitro and the insecticidal activity in silico, in the presence of the mosquito juvenile hormone-binding protein (mJHBP) from Aedes aegypti, of the essential oil from S. molle leaves. The volatile phytochemicals were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the profile antioxidants were examined by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The evaluation in silico was carried out on mJHBP (PDB: 5V13) with an insecticidal approach. The results revealed that EO presented as the main volatile components to alpha-phellandrene (32.68%...

Diarrhea in alpaca crias significantly impacts livestock health in high-altitude regions, with Escherichia coli as a common pathogen. This study analyzed 10 E. coli isolates from diarrheic and healthy alpacas using whole-genome sequencing to assess genetic diversity, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance. Predominant sequence types (ST73, ST29), serotypes (O22:H1, O109:H11), and phylogroups (B2, B1, A) were identified. Virulence profiling revealed ExPEC-like and EPEC pathotypes, while resistance genes for β-lactams (blaEC-15), fosfomycin (glpT_E448K), and colistin (pmrB) were prevalent. These findings highlight the need for genomic surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship to manage E. coli infections in alpacas and reduce public health risks.