El grano de Chenopodium quinoa Willd (quinua), es importante a nivel internacional por su alto valor nutricional, siendo la principal fuente de proteínas de los pobladores del altiplano Peruano Boliviano. En el proceso del cuidado y mantenimiento de las especies en los bancos de germoplasma para quinua se han elaborado programas que permiten evaluar la variedad genética que incluyen incrementar la calidad del grano, la resistencia a enfermedades, tolerancia a la sequedad y modular el contenido de saponinas. Actualmente se trata de discriminar las variedades con técnicas moleculares sensibles como los RAPDs, microsatélites, RFLP, por lo que nuestro objetivo fue evaluar el polimorfismo de seis variedades de quinua utilizando la técnica de AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). Así, variedades de quinua: Quillahuaman INIA (Q), Mantaro (M), Hualhuas (H), Real boliviana (B), Sal...

El presente estudio se ha realizado con el propósito de elaborar propuestas que haga posible la confiabilidad del sistema de control interno y genere mejoras en el proceso de comercialización en el área de ventas, de la empresa Automotores Gildemeister Perú S.A. de la ciudad de Trujillo al año 2013. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación nos han permitido determinar que la empresa Automotores Gildemeister Perú S.A. no aplica un sistema de control interno adecuado para el área de comercialización de vehículos; que constituye la actividad principal de dicha entidad. Esta realidad se traduce en errores e irregularidades de tipo comercial, lo cual se debe utilizar para elaborar la propuesta de un sistema de control interno que está orientado a realizar de manera eficiente, objetiva, puntual y efectiva los procesos de comercialización, proporcionando la seguridad que cada ...

Preliminary studies indicate that, the "Mito" fresh latex, has a specific activity of papain from 1.84 times greater than that found in the latex of papaya, so the objective of this study was to purify and characterize "Mito" fresh latex proteases that have activity of papain. The crude extract protease was obtained from the "Mito" latex which was re-suspended (1:1) in 10 mM Na acetate buffer at pH 5.0; immediately proteins were precipitated at pH 9.0 and then with 45% ammonium sulfate. Subsequently, the proteins were purified on a Sephadex G-100 column and were three fractions: A, B and C. Using as a substrate casein, the enzymatic specific activity (ESA) was measured and was found to be the fraction A was 87.74 nkat.mg-1protein, for fraction B was 14.93 nkat.mg-1protein and for fraction C it was 16.13 nkat.mg-1protein. ESA of fraction A against papain of fresh latex of C. papaya was 13...

Preliminary studies indicate that, the "Mito" fresh latex, has a specific activity of papain from 1.84 times greater than that found in the latex of papaya, so the objective of this study was to purify and characterize "Mito" fresh latex proteases that have activity of papain. The crude extract protease was obtained from the "Mito" latex which was re-suspended (1:1) in 10 mM Na acetate buffer at pH 5.0; immediately proteins were precipitated at pH 9.0 and then with 45% ammonium sulfate. Subsequently, the proteins were purified on a Sephadex G-100 column and were three fractions: A, B and C. Using as a substrate casein, the enzymatic specific activity (ESA) was measured and was found to be the fraction A was 87.74 nkat.mg-1protein, for fraction B was 14.93 nkat.mg-1protein and for fraction C it was 16.13 nkat.mg-1protein. ESA of fraction A against papain of fresh latex of C. papaya was 13...

The Beauveria bassiana filamentous fungus is the most biological control agent frequently used today due to its entomopathogenic activity and antagonist fungi capacity. B. bassiana infects the insects through the degradation of the chitin present in the cuticle, also; affects the cell wall of pathogenic fungi. This mechanism involves enzymatic activities and activation of Chitinase genes. Gene expression of the family 18.4 (XM_008603039.1) and CHIT1 (EU828354.1) of B. bassiana, were evaluated, by RT-qPCR at 0, 4 and 7 days. The assay consists of four media with different carbon sources: colloidal chitin 1.8%, laminarin 0.1%, pulverized of F. oxysporum 0.1% and pulverized leaves infected with P. variabilis 0.1%. Relative expression using actinin and tubulin as referential genes, showed that CHIT1 gene expression increased 1.87 ± 0.35 times on day 7 in the medium with F. oxysporum, while ...

The Beauveria bassiana filamentous fungus is the most biological control agent frequently used today due to its entomopathogenic activity and antagonist fungi capacity. B. bassiana infects the insects through the degradation of the chitin present in the cuticle, also; affects the cell wall of pathogenic fungi. This mechanism involves enzymatic activities and activation of Chitinase genes. Gene expression of the family 18.4 (XM_008603039.1) and CHIT1 (EU828354.1) of B. bassiana, were evaluated, by RT-qPCR at 0, 4 and 7 days. The assay consists of four media with different carbon sources: colloidal chitin 1.8%, laminarin 0.1%, pulverized of F. oxysporum 0.1% and pulverized leaves infected with P. variabilis 0.1%. Relative expression using actinin and tubulin as referential genes, showed that CHIT1 gene expression increased 1.87 ± 0.35 times on day 7 in the medium with F. oxysporum, while ...

The fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuill. is well known for its ability entomopathogenic but there is also references to be an antagonist fungus, one of the possible ways of their antagonism it is antibiosis as is known the presence of hydrolytic enzymes in their genome. The main enzymes expressed against phytopathogenic are β-1,3-glucanases, since the cell wall of the phytopathogenic like fungi and oomycetes consists mostly polymers of β-1,3 glucans. The expression of exo-1,3-beta glucanase [XM_008597142.1] and glycoside hydrolase family 55 [XP_008597332.1] genes of B. bassiana was evaluated by qPCR at days 0, 4 and 7, against liquid culture mediums with different carbon sources, 0.1% laminarin, 0.1% pulverized of F. oxysporum and 0.1% pulverized of leaves infested with P. variabilis. Among the genes analyzed the highest rate was found in the cultures with F. oxysporum to the glycoside hyd...

The fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuill. is well known for its ability entomopathogenic but there is also references to be an antagonist fungus, one of the possible ways of their antagonism it is antibiosis as is known the presence of hydrolytic enzymes in their genome. The main enzymes expressed against phytopathogenic are β-1,3-glucanases, since the cell wall of the phytopathogenic like fungi and oomycetes consists mostly polymers of β-1,3 glucans. The expression of exo-1,3-beta glucanase [XM_008597142.1] and glycoside hydrolase family 55 [XP_008597332.1] genes of B. bassiana was evaluated by qPCR at days 0, 4 and 7, against liquid culture mediums with different carbon sources, 0.1% laminarin, 0.1% pulverized of F. oxysporum and 0.1% pulverized of leaves infested with P. variabilis. Among the genes analyzed the highest rate was found in the cultures with F. oxysporum to the glycoside hyd...

Plasmodium vivax is the main cause of malaria in the Peruvian Amazon and Mazan is considered one of its districts with high risk of malaria transmission. In this site, previous studies has described P. vivax transmission as heterogenic and has suggested that its prevalence is influenced by factors linked to human mobilization. However, the contribution of this factor have not been assessed yet. Population genetic tools provide information on the individual contribution of the factors that favor the transmission and evaluate the demographic patterns of dispersion of the parasite populations which are influenced by the human mobilization. In order to evaluate contribution of human mobilization to malariatransmission in Mazan, in this work we use a Bayesian framework to identify genetic sub-populations in each basin and to discriminate between endogenous and imported cases. Socio-demographi...