A 73 años de haber sido liberado el campo de concentración de Auschwitz, hoy sigue siendo uno de los símbolos del Holocausto, de la ignominia y de la confirmación de la manifestación de la barbarie humana. Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, más de un millón de personas murieron solo por ser judíos, homosexuales, gitanos, romaníes o por tener una discapacidad mental o física; eran los indeseables, por el simple hecho de no formar parte de la raza aria.

Artistas mexicanos contemporáneos como Mayra Martell y Alfredo López Casanova traducen los hechos reales en fotografía documental, en acciones, en instalación y en testimonios que son, fueron y serán usados para crear sentimientos, denunciar y lidiar contra el olvido. Y así restituir, acaso de forma vicaria, la imagen de los desaparecidos, o su significante, para insertarlos en el lenguaje, en el álgebra de la representación, y permitir, por tanto, la elaboración de su identidad que tendrá lugar en ese arco dramático que se tensa entre la ausencia y la memoria.

ResumenDurante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principios del XX, la presentación de personas en condiciones de “anormalidad” física en zoológicos humanos, espectáculos ambulantes y ferias universales en donde se degrada la condición humana, han sido prohibidos y condenados socialmente. Actualmente, el arte contemporáneo los resignifica para mostrar la vigencia de la política de representación de la otredad y da una nueva visión por medio de las obras de Tracey Rose y Laura Anderson. Discursos que utilizan una estrategia argumentativa y formal que generan cuestionamientos de la exhibición del otro.Palabras clave: otredad, arte contemporáneo, políticas de representación, fenómenos, zoológicos humanos. AbstractDuring the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the presentation of people inconditions of physical "abnorma...

A 73 años de haber sido liberado el campo de concentración de Auschwitz, hoy sigue siendo uno de los símbolos del Holocausto, de la ignominia y de la confirmación de la manifestación de la barbarie humana. Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, más de un millón de personas murieron solo por ser judíos, homosexuales, gitanos, romaníes o por tener una discapacidad mental o física; eran los indeseables, por el simple hecho de no formar parte de la raza aria.

ResumenDurante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y principios del XX, la presentación de personas en condiciones de “anormalidad” física en zoológicos humanos, espectáculos ambulantes y ferias universales en donde se degrada la condición humana, han sido prohibidos y condenados socialmente. Actualmente, el arte contemporáneo los resignifica para mostrar la vigencia de la política de representación de la otredad y da una nueva visión por medio de las obras de Tracey Rose y Laura Anderson. Discursos que utilizan una estrategia argumentativa y formal que generan cuestionamientos de la exhibición del otro.Palabras clave: otredad, arte contemporáneo, políticas de representación, fenómenos, zoológicos humanos. AbstractDuring the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the presentation of people inconditions of physical "abnorma...

This study investigates the constitution of the phenomenon of the support for a new political party and electoral front by the sectors linked with Argentine agriculture, specifically the producers from the Pampas region. The right-wing coalition that governed Argentina from 2015 to 2019 manages to spread at national level using traditional party structures on one hand and taking advantage of the scenario that emerged in 2008 with what was called “the conflict with the farmers” or the “125 conflict” (a resolution that tried to modify the export retention system, transforming it into mobiles linked to the international price). In addition, from the government of that time, the misconceptions in the proposal contributed to this dynamic.

We have identied the presence of Fe oxides, clays and other minerals in the clay fractions of six samples gathered at three pits practiced in soils of sugar cane plantations of the agroindustrial company Pomalca S.A.A. These plantations are located in the District of Pomalca, Province of Chiclayo, Lambayeque Region, Peru. The pits were identied as: Estrella, Estreno and Mochica. The X-ray diractometry and transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy techniques, complemented with routine physical-chemical analyses, allowed us to obtain results that resolved the identication of the structural and mineralogi- cal phases of the iron oxides present which were assigned to hematite, as well as Fe2+ sites located in the structure of clays minerals such as Illite and/or montmorillonite, and a Fe3+ site assigned to the structure of kaolinite.

By using analytical physical techniques, we studied three mineral pieces belonging to the Natural History Museum at the San Marcos National University. Our aim is to get details concerning their elemental and structural composition. Specically, we have utilized techniques such as energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray difractometry, and Mössbauer spectroscopy, light optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. We used this last one along with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The obtained results indicate that samples MHN-09 and MHN-11 are impactites. This means that there was a meteorite impact on Huánuco a long time ago. Likewise, we found that sample MHN-03 is magnetic in accordance with the results obtained by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and Mössbauer spectroscopy.

o understand the local hydrodynamics of the hypersaline coastal lagoon San Quintín Bay Lagoon (SQBL), located in Northern Mexico, a bidimensional modelling was applied. The lagoon presents a complex bathymetry, so the mesh was locally refined in the main channels of the lagoon. It was used wind and the seven main harmonic constants of the tide to force the model. The calibration period took place during summer 2004. The results obtained for vertical integrated velocity and sea level elevation were compared with data from three Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers placed inside the lagoon, getting a satisfactory representation of the lagoon flow dynamics with errors of 4% in elevation and a 0.96 for the correlation coefficient R 2 , while for currents the averaged error was around 12% and a correlation coefficient of 0.7 R 2 . The 2D model was capable of representing both sea level and cur...

There is evidence for the authentication of the meteoritic sample Ar-51 as a stone meteorite, found in the Arequipa Region, Peru. The analytical techniques used for this study were X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diractometry (XRD) and room temperature (RT) transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy (TMS), The results pertaining the structural phases found by XRD include mainly albite, pyroxene, clinopyroxene, augite, maghemite and magnetite. TMS reveals that its mineralogical composition includes three magnetic sextets and two paramagnetic doublets. Two of the sextets are assigned to cation sites in magnetite: the sextet with the higher hyperne magnetic eld is assigned to an Fe3+ cation A site (tetrahedral position) and the second one is assigned to the B site, which is occupied evenly by Fe3+ and Fe2+ cations (octahedral position); and the third magnetic sextet is assigned to maghemite. The ...

We studied diverse minerals found in the magnetic fraction of clays from medicinal sediments collected in two Peruvian lagoons, La Milagrosa (MML) and La Mellicera (MELL). The clay fraction was separated by the sedimentation method. The analytical physical techniques we used were energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy (TMS). We complemented them with a physical chemical analysis to determine texture, pH and electrical conductivity. We have observed, via XRD, minerals such as illite, calcite and maghemite. Specically, for MML, by XRD we observed two minerals phases: quartz and dolomite. TMS allowed us to observe the magnetic fraction of the sediments. In the spectra we observed four magnetic sextets and three paramagnetic doublets. The sextets were assigned to hematite/goethite, two sites of magnetite (Fe3+ and Fe2...

Musculoskeletal manifestations are common in the hemoglobinopathies. Two cases of homozygous sickle cell disease (hemoglobin SS) with osteoarticular manifestations associated to hemolytic crises are described. A 22-year-old woman with avascular necrosis of the right femoral head, and a 21-year-old man with joint effusion in both knees.

In aerobic life, that is to say, in organisms that  use oxygen to obtain energy, there is danger that their antioxidant defences are overcome by prooxidant forces. This situation, called oxidative stress, is the basis of a wide array of physiological aberrations in mammals, including carcinogenesis, cardiovascular diseases, inmune system  diseases, cataracts, brain dysfuntions and, every the aging process. The source of these situations is the oxidative damage in DNA, lipids and proteins by oxyradicals. Against these oxidant species, living beings have developed a series of mechanisms of antioxidant defence, enzimatic and non enzimatic, that are present in both their organisms and in ingested diet. In recent investigations the relation between oxyradicals production and the appearence of degenerative diseases is established, as well as the possibility to use the diet as an antioxidant ...

The treatment used in Spain throughout history undergoes a turning point in the seventeenth century. Surge at this time a controversy between traditionalists and innovators motivated by the delay in the Spanish science was during this period.

The COVID-19 pandemic has put the world’s governments in an unprecedented situation in which it is necessary to make quick decisions regarding the best strategies to reduce transmission. As part of these strategies, disinfection booths in the community are being implemented in many parts of the world. This document seeks to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the disinfection booth for people to use in the community through an exhaustive search in the main bibliographic databases as well as in the main relevant institutions worldwide. After conducting the search, we found three technical documents in which the use of these technologies is not recommended because there is insufficient evidence and because they are of potential risk for people due to mucosal conditions. Another WHO recommendation document, although it does not specifically mention&...

Objective: To obtain a quick and reliable grafomotor maturation test during an office consultation. Materials and Methods: We studied the validity and reliability of the grafomotor test (TGM – Copying 8 figures in 10 minutes) in a middle class school children population. Another needy settlement population was chosen to value the socioeconomic level influence on the results. Statistical analysis consisted in Pearson correlations for two quantitative variables and multiple step lineal regression for various quantitative variables. Reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Results: The TGM showed its validity because it confirmed scores improve with increasing age. Age or school grade correlation punctuations were above 0,8. The reliability test retest for age group did not reach significant statistical difference. The alpha Cronbach coefficient was 0,9. Reliability a...

Introduction: Studies made at preclinical level have demonstrated the Medicago sativa L, alfalfa (CPA)’s concentrated protein biological value; as such this product could be an alternative to reduce undernourishment. Objective: To determine CPA consuming effects in kindergarten children with chronic undernourishment by biochemical and hematologic indicators. Design: Intervention analytical, longitudinal and prospective study. Setting: Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Participants: Pampas, Huancavelica, Peru, preschool children with chronic undernourishment. Interventions: Previous parents informed consent we determined the nourishment-nutritional, biochemical and hematologic status of 23 less than six year-old children in order to establish undernourishment. Then a CPA nutritional nourishment intervention in the ...

El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del suero fetal bovino (FCS) agregado al medio de cultivo los días 5 a 7 después de la fertilización in vitro sobre la producción y posterior criotolerancia de blastocistos de vaquillonas criollas ecuatorianas. Se recolectaron complejos cúmulo-ovocitos (COCs) inmaduros mediante aspiración intravaginal guiada por ultrasonido (OPU) de 10 vaquillonas criollas y de ovarios de matadero en ocho sesiones. Los COCs se sometieron a maduración in vitro (MIV), fecundación (FIV) y cultivo (IVC). El día 1 después de la FIV, los presuntos embriones de cada fuente de ovocitos (OPU [O] y Matadero [A]) se asignaron aleatoriamente en dos grupos según si se añadió FCS al 2.5% (v/v) al medio de cultivo el día 5 después de la FIV: 1) O-FCS+, 2) O-FCS-, 3) A-FCS+ y 4) A-FCS-. El día 7 después de la FIV se vitrificaron embriones de alta calidad. ...

The effect of the addition of melatonin (Mt) on the maturation and / or vitrification of bovine oocytes on cleavage and subsequent embryonic development was evaluated. Oocyte-cumulus cell complexes (COCs) were obtained from creole cows by ovum pick up (OPU) and by follicular aspiration from abattoir ovaries (AO). From the pool of oocytes obtained from both sources, those with homogenous cytoplasm and three or more compact layers of cluster cells were selected. The selected COCs were randomly assigned to five treatments: T1, matured with Mt and vitrified without Mt; T2, matured and vitrified with Mt; T3, matured without Mt and vitrified with Mt; T4 (control) matured and vitrified without Mt; T5, matured without Mt and not vitrified. The concentration of Mt in the maturation and vitrification media was 0.01 μM (10-9 M). The oocytes were matured, vitrified, fertilized and the presumed zygo...

A proteolitic enzyme was purified from Bothrops brazili peruvian snake venom using Sephadex G-100 followed by CM-Sephadex C-50, in both two cases with 0.05M ammonium acetate pH 7,0. The enzyme was purified 3,2 fold with 52,5% of yield and by gel filtration the enzyme showed 18 000 of molecular weight, while the PAGE-SIDS showed only one protein band of 22 000 in the presence of mercaptoethanol and 20 300 under nonreducing conditions which suggests that the enzyme has a single polypeptide chain with disulfide bond. The enzyme hydrolizes fibrinogen, fibrin, casein and albumin, but not hemoglobin and mioglobin. The enzyme is a Aa-fibrinogenase because preferentially hydrolizes the Aa chain of the fibrinogen molecule. This activity is inhibited by EDTA but not by PMSF, TLCK, iodoacetate and pepstatin, suggests that is a metalloproteinase, however the ions Ca++, Mg++ and Zn++ cannot reactivat...